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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 162 (1974), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Cardio-respiration ; Regulation of rhythmicity ; Interactions of rhythmicities ; Cardio-respiratory synchronism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two experimental models are presented with which an insight into the efficiency of the cardio-respiratory synchronizing tendencies can be gained. The one works with varying the respiratory cycles (Part 1), the other with varying the cardiac cycles (Part 2). Model 1 discloses that the efficiency of the linking system must be “remarkably high”. Model 2 allows a more precise statement, namely, that respiration remains in phase despite a 30% time-shift of the cardiac reference point. — Work is in progress to refine and to standardize these models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 157 (1972), S. 281-288 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Cardio-respiration ; Regulation of Rhythmicity ; Interactions of Rhythmicities ; Cardiorespiratory Synchronism ; Kardiorespiratorische Koincidenzen ; Koppelung Kreislauf/Atmung ; Pulsatmung ; Rhythmussteuerung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In anesthetized, pontine-decerebrated rabbits it was shown that the tendency of inspirations as well as exspirations to preferably begin within certain sections of the time course of a cardiac cycle, did still persist after bilateral vagotomy. This linking between cardiac and respiratory rhythm is compared with other linkings which have already been pointed out for rabbits. Reflections on cardiorespiratory synchronism in men are made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 2 (1972), S. 189-192 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The respiration of anaesthetized pigeons, suffocated to death by tracheal occlusion, is followed by means of the intratracheal pressure tracing. A special procedure allows to distinguish expiratory from inspiratory efforts. The overall expiratory effort about equals the inspiratory one. During the agony, however, the release of expiratory energies increases whereas inspiratory activity is vanishing more and more. On the basis of the period of agony, a screening procedure is developed to search for substances which would selectively influence the release of expiratory or inspiratory energies respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 2 (1972), S. 186-188 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A normal lymphocyte transfer reaction in the skin of cockerels was elicited with allogeneic lymphocytes. The local immune inflammatory response was inhibited by thyroxine and oxyphenbutazone and increased by imipramine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 3 (1973), S. 229-232 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Respiratory activity of anaesthetized pigeons was stimulated by occluding the trachea. Inspiratory and expiratory efforts were measured in an early and in the agonal period of prolonged tracheal occlusions. In the early period the mean change in intratracheal pressure amounted to −0.79 cm H2O and +0.73 cm H2O ‘per breath.’ These mean pressures are considered to represent an equivalent of the mean inspiratory and expiratory activity of that period. The corresponding figures in the agonal period were −1.18 and +2.48 cm H2O, respectively. A palette of 10 drugs was tested to see whether they could alter respiratory efforts. None of the drugs, including the CNS-stimulants, was able to increase the efforts in either of the two periods. Some of the drugs (ethylurethane, pentobarbitone, codeine and 370591)) led to an impairment of the efforts performed in the ‘early period’, to about the same extent in both inspiration and expiration. One drug (37059) led to an impairment of the expiratory efforts in the ‘agonal period’ and to an increase of the inspiratory efforts at the same time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 4 (1974), S. 44-46 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four clinically effective antitussives and 37059 (1-Ethylaminoethyl-5-methoxy-benzocyclobutene), a substance with singular pharmacodynamic potencies on expiratory activity, are tested with a specified procedure for their potentialities to prolong the reflexogenic retardation of respiration induced in pigeons by a laryngeal stimulus. Compound 37059 was very effective. Clobutinole, codeine, normethadone and noscapine were not. The possible role of this difference for cough relief is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 3 (1973), S. 28-34 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Interest was focussed on maximal inspiratory efforts which anesthetized rabbits are able to display when acutely made dyspnoic by prolonged tracheal occlusion. Such efforts were characterized by the mean intrapleural pressure decrease per breath and by the maximum of intrapleural pressure decrease reached during inspiration. These efforts could not be intensified by additional biochemical and/or biophysical means such as hypercapnia, hypoxia, artificial pneumothorax, thoracic compression, etc. They were most pronounced around the 25th second after onset of tracheal occlusion. They could, however, be altered pharmacodynamically. Methylphenidate was found to be of particular interest. It enhanced the mean intrapleural pressure decrease per breath and intensified the maximum of inspiratory effort while, at the same time, leaving respiratory frequency nearly unaltered. The possible medicinal usefulness of the approach pursued is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 2 (1971), S. 138-141 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Some lethal factors of the toadstool, once absorbed, may still be antagonized. Penicillin displayed such antidotal potencies in rats and mice. Its effect was the more pronounced the greater the dose and the sooner its application after onset of poisoning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 4 (1974), S. 377-382 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Whenever pharmacologists work experimentally on cough and antitussives, they will clearly distinguish between their aim and their tools. The aim, at least the final one, will in some way or other be the clinical process denominated as cough. And the tools will be models, which may represent partial but actual elements of a clinical cough or even hypothetical elements only. An artificially induced bronchogenic seizure of expiratory thrusts in cats is an example of the former type; the models 1–3 as described in this paper ar examples of the latter. There is always a gap between the clinical cough and the parameters of the model. The more closely the model will imitate the clinical phenomenology, the higher will be the probability that a substance screened out with the model will be of some therapeutic value-the smaller, however, will be the chance to know why. On the other hand, with models which focus on elements which are only potentially relevant for the clinical process of coughing, a prediction as to the clinical usefulness will be less certain; a gain in scientific information, however, will be more or less guaranteed. Both kinds of approach may be useful. As for us, we like the more scientific one better than the more empirical one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 4 (1974), S. 410-412 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract With isolated strips of guinea-pig gut in vitro atropine in shown to be a weaker acetylcholine-antagonist when tested in bicarbonate-free solutions than in solutions containing bicarbonate. The reliability of this statement is checked in various respects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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