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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (21)
  • Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service  (1)
  • 1970-1974  (22)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lithography and radiation chemistry of epoxy containing negative electron resists (1974)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 14 (1974), S. 529-533 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A class of negative electron-beam resists is described which have excellent lithographic characteristics. The resists are copolymers of glycidyl methacrylate and ethyl acrylate. Their molecular weights, epoxy contents, and polydispersivities can be controlled to give an adjustable range of electron sensitivity and contrast. The copolymers are compared to other epoxy containing, negative electron-beam resists.Micrography of resist profiles generated from a single line scan of the electron beam have been used to illustrate the complex interaction of accelerating voltage of the electron beam and resist contrast on resolution. Optical gratings made from single line scans of the beam have feature sizes less than 300 nm in the resist, etched metals, and dielectrics.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760140713
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A scanning electron microscope study of plasma-polymerized organosilicon films suitable for use as lightguides. A determination of the cause of signal attenuation (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 1179-1190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the optical quality of a plasma-deposited organic film. A major source of signal attenuation in lightguide films results from scattering by microscopic embedded spheres. The spheres are produced in the gas phase, and their size and population density are a function of the substrate surface and the rate of film formation. For all systems studied, the number of spheres increase with increasing rate. High-quality films were deposited more easily on silicon, silicon dioxide, tungsten, and glass than on Nichrome or β-tantalum. Gold, copper, and titanium surfaces proved more difficult, while aluminum was the most intractable material encountered. The rate of film growth usually increased with an increase in power input for any ratio of total pressure-partial pressure of monomer. Spheres were essentially eliminated or their number reduced to a tolerable level by a proper choice of reaction conditions.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070160512
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basic dyeability and acid content of high-conversion polyacrylonitrile (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 3341-3351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Previous data have shown that the basic dyeability of acrylic polymers increases at a given specific viscosity as the peroxydisulfate-to-bisulfite ratio, that is, the catalyst-toactivator (C/A) ratio, is increased. This study represents an effort to understand better the role of the initiator system on the basic dyeability, the acid group composition, and the chain composition of acrylic polymers by preparing model polymers with radioactive initiators. As the C/A ratio is increased, the molecular weight distribution broadens as measured by the M̄v/M̄n ratio, the latter obtained by osmometry. There is also a significant effect of both C/A ratio and molecular weight on the sulfate group content per molecule, but there is no effect of C/A ratio on the number of basic dye sites per molecule, the number of sulfonate groups per molecule, or the weak acid groups per molecule. These effects can be explained by invoking a chain transfer to activator reaction in addition to the usual method of chain termination by recombination. The basic dyeability is found to correlate with the number-average molecular weight and with the number of strong acid groups plus the nonchromophoric weak acid groups.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070161223
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron irradiation of poly(olefin sulfones). Application to electron beam resists (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 3211-3221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: All the poly(olefin sulfones) examined degraded rapidly under electron irradiation. The dose required to effect a molecular weight distribution completely separated from the original distribution as required for fractional solution development was similar for all polymers, viz., 1-2 × 10-6 coulomb/cm2. This indicates that they all have similar values for G(scission). The film thickness of the exposed area decreased at a rate dependent on olefin structure and temperature. This process, termed vapor development, has been attributed to concurrent chain scission and depolymerization. Factors determining the rate of depropagation are discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1973.070171022
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polytetrafluoroethylene: Effects of γ-radiation on fine structure (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 473-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The structure of granular polytetrafluoroethylene has been studied by electron microscopy. On the basis of the texture of surfaces resulting from fracture a model of the structure is proposed which suggests that PTFE consists of extended chain crystals with both inter- and intra-lamellar noncrystalline regions. The effects of γ-radiation on the structure have been investigated by examining the texture of irradiated fracture surfaces and also the texture produced by post-irradiation fracture. The irradiations have been performed in vacuo and in oxygen. In both atmospheres PTFE undergoes degradation with a concurrent increase in crystallinity. However, the texture of the surfaces of high crystallinity PTFE, prepared by radiation, differs markedly to the texture of fracture surfaces of high crystallinity PTFE prepared by thermal annealing. It is proposed that radiation causes rupture of bonds in the interlamellar (chain fold) and intralamellar regions, resulting in the production of chain ends and interlamellar links. Due to scavenging of the free radicals, interlamellar linking is pobably a minor process with irradiation in oxygen. These chemical changes cause modifications to the extended chain lamellar crystals and consequently alterations to the physical properties of the polymer.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100304
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced permeability in CHO cells as a mechanism of resistance to colchicine (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 83 (1974), S. 103-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Colchicine resistant (CHR) lines of stable phenotype have been isolated from cultured Chinese hamster (CHO) cells. Successive single-step selections for increasing resistance were performed by isolating resistant colonies at each step. Two complementary assays involving [3H] colchicine uptake by whole cells and binding of [3H] colchicine by cytoplasmic extracts were developed to test for altered permeability and altered intracellular target protein, respectively. All clones isolated appeared to have decreased permeability to the drug while their colchicine-binding ability was not reduced. The amount of reduction in colchicine uptake correlated strongly with cellular resistance. The CHR lines were also cross resistant to other drugs such as actinomycin D, vinblastine and Colcemid; furthermore, the degree of cross resistance was positively correlated with the degree of colchicine resistance. The non-ionic detergent Tween 80 potentiated the cytotoxic action of colchicine on mutant cells as well as its rate of uptake into whole cells.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040830114
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective and nonselective isolation of temperature-sensitive mutants of mouse L-cells and their characterizationSupported by the Medical Research Council of Canada and the National Cancer Institute of Canada. (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 78 (1971), S. 431-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mutants of mouse L-cells which are temperature-sensitive for growth have been obtained by using both selective and nonselective isolation procedures on populations treated with the mutagen nitrosoguanidine. Selective isolation was carried out by utilizing a five-day treatment with 3H-TdR and ara-C as selective agents at the nonpermissive temperature. Nonselective isolation was performed by isolating 1400 clones in the absence of selective agents and then testing them for temperature-sensitivity. From this experiment we obtained a minimum estimate of 6 × 10-3 for the frequency of mutants in the mutagentreated population. The mutants were characterized by their plating efficiencies, growth in suspension culture, and uptake of isotopic precursors of DNA, RNA, and protein. A range in phenotypes was observed, and there appeared to be some differences between the mutants obtained by the two types of isolation procedures. In uptake experiments the most marked reductions in the rates of precursor incorporation were seen with 3H-TdR, rather than 3H-UR or 3H-Leu. Different mutant lines showed considerable variation in the rate of cessation of DNA synthesis as well as the time required for termination of cell division. These experiments suggest that both types of isolation procedures are feasible for obtaining temperature-sensitive mutants having a range of phenotypes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040780312
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contact inhibition and gene expression in HTC/L cell hybrid lines (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 81 (1973), S. 225-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Contact-inhibited somatic cell hybrids were formed between two malignant cell lines lacking contact inhibition of growth. One cell line was HTC-AR1, an azaguanine-resistant subline from the rat hepatoma line HTC +; the other line was the BUDR-resistant mouse L-cell subline L-B82. Hybrids were obtained from selective medium and characterized by chromosomal and enzymic analysis. The hybrids lacked the inducible rat enzyme tyrosine aminotransferase.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040810210
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permethylation of barbiturates. Separation and characterization of the reaction products by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1973)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 7 (1973), S. 989-1000 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Series of barbiturates (I) has been permethylated with the methylsulfinylmethide carbanion and methyl iodide and the products (II to IV) separated, quantified and characterized by g.c.-m.s. The ratios and fragmentation patterns of II to IV are highly dependent upon the nature of the R-groups. All fragment ions have been confirmed by accurate mass measurements or perdeuteriomethylation.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210070809
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Addition of ethyl radicals to carbon monoxide. Kinetic and thermochemical properties of the propionyl radicalAbstracted in part from the M.S. Thesis of William W. Thompson, Colorado State University, 1973. (1973)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 5 (1973), S. 791-803 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Azoethane was irradiated in the presence of carbon monoxide in the temperature range of 238 to 378 K. Kinetic parameters for the addition of ethyl radicals to carbon monoxide and for the decomposition of propionyl radicals were determined. The rate constants were found to be log k(cm3 mol-1 sec-1) = 11.19 - 4.8/θ and log k(sec-1) = 12.77 - 14.4/θ, respectively. Estimated thermochemical properties of the propionyl radical are ΔHf0 = -10.6 ± 1.0 kcal mol-1, S0 = 77.3 ± 1.0 cal K-1 mol-1, and D(C2H5CO—H) = 87.4 kcal mol-1.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550050507
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