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  • 1980-1984  (6)
Document type
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early and late replication patterns of increased resolution in human lymphocyte chromosomes (1981)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 82 (1981), S. 315-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract High resolution patterns of DNA replication in human lymphocyte chromosomes during early and late S-phases were studied by means of the BrdU-Hoechst-Giemsa technique. The late replicating bands were found to be identical with highly detailed G-bands. Between early replicating bands and R-bands subtile differences were observed. A possible correlation between a replication band seen on the chromosomal level and a replication cluster observed after fiber autoradiography is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00286114
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Description of a chromosome replication unit in individual prematurely condensed human S-phase chromosomes (1984)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 90 (1984), S. 389-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mammalian chromosome replication was studied by the aid of premature chromosome condensation (PCC). After induction of PCC the sites of DNA replication appear as “gaps” between condensed chromosomal regions. These condensed particles are unineme before and bineme after DNA replication. The two phases are due mainly to the unineme or bineme nature of the particles. During early S-phase almost all particles are unineme, during late S-phase they are bineme and there is only one transitory stage between these two main stages. Premature chromosome condensation was studied in detail on a specific human chromosome 22 which is marked by its heterochromatin constitution. This led to easy identification of these elements in S-phase PCC (S-PCC) preparations. For each stage of the S-phase there was a reproducible pattern of condensed chromosomal particles making up the whole chromosome. The number of these particles was rather limited and a complementary pattern was found in early versus late S-phase. The pattern of early S-PCC corresponded to the banding pattern of G-banded prometaphase chromosomes; the pattern of late S-PCC, to R-banded prometaphase chromosomes. Thus, “gaps” and condensed particles as observed after PCC induction are obviously homologous to chromosome replication units. Replication of constitutive heterochromatin occurred during the very late S-phase. During this stage PCC induction led to condensation of the heterochromatin into several small, highly fluorescent particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294166
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoinduced bonding of endogenous ecdysterone to salivary gland chromosomes of Chironomus tentans (1981)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 82 (1981), S. 543-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Endogenous ecdysterone has been bonded to chromosomal loci by irradiation of Ch. tentans salivary glands. The hormone has been localized on the polytene chromosomes by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Hormone binding to chromosomes is stage-specific. Seven chromosomal loci could be identified which specifically bound hormone in larval salivary glands, and 21 chromosomal loci which specifically bound hormone in prepupal salivary glands. All puffs that have been described by Clever (1961) as being inducible by ecdysterone have been found to contain irreversibly bound ecdysterone in prepupal salivary gland chromosomes. A small number of puff sites in larval salivary gland chromosomes exhibited varying amounts of bound ecdysterone, (as judged by fluorescence intensity) most notably 117B and Balbiani rings 1 and 3 on chromosome IV. In addition to stage specific binding sites, there were many others showing equal binding of the hormone in both, larval and prepupal, stages of development. — Fluorescence intensities (reflecting the amount of bonded hormone) at puff sites along the tip section of the prepupal salivary gland chromosome arm IR have been computed indicating that differences between fluorescence intensities of different puffs can be expressed as multiples of a basic fluorescence intensity. Thus, the amount of fluorescence intensity (bonded hormone) in the various puffs may be quantized. — The data indicate that in Ch. tentans salivary glands ecdysterone acts, at the chromosomal level. The development of larvae into prepupae generates more puff sites and more hormone binding. This is discussed in the light of current models of hormone-receptor function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00295012
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new case of Y to X translocation in a female (1980)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 54 (1980), S. 303-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An unbalanced Y to X translocation due to a de novo mutation is described in a female with some clinical features of the Turner syndrome. Her karyotype is defined as 46,X,t(X;Y)(Xp11.2;Yq11). Hae III restriction analysis revealed an amount of male-specific DNA sequences in the normal male range. DNA replication analysis showed that in all cells studied the translocation X chromosome was late replicating and that the X segment of the translocation chromosome was later replicating while replication of the Y segment varied. A serologic test indicated a reduced titer of H-Y antigen, and biochemical studies for the enzyme steroid sulfatase revealed activity in the male range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00291573
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turner syndrome patients are H-Y positive (1980)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 54 (1980), S. 315-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary H-Y antigen was examined in six patients exhibiting the characteristic features of Turner syndrome. Five of the patients were of the karyotype 45,X, and one was a mosaic 45,X/46,Xi(Xq). H-Y antigen was detected in all of them, however, compared to male controls, their antigen titer was reduced. Within the intermediate range between female and male controls, considerable interindividual variation was detected among the patients which could be due at least in part to biological variation. The findings permit the inference that the H-Y structural gene is not Y-linked, and support the assumptions of an X-linked gene escaping inactivation and of it controlling the expression of the H-Y structural gene. It is probable that the structural gene itself is autosomal. The results also suggest that male gonadal differentiation is dependent on a threshold level of H-Y antigen concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00291575
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A gene controlling H-Y antigen on the X chromosome (1980)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 54 (1980), S. 149-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The existence of a strict correlation between presence of testicular tissue and presence of H-Y antigen in mammals and man leads to the conclusion that H-Y antigen is an essential differentiation factor in testicular morphogenesis. Presence of low titers of this differentiation antigen even in fertile females indicates that its morphogenetic effect depends on a threshold. Here, studies on H-Y antigen in female individuals with various deletions of the X-chromosome are reported. It turns out that deletion of Xp results in the synthesis of reduced amounts of H-Y antigen, while deletion of Xq does not. In a fertile female with only Xp223 deleted due to an X/Y translocation, including the distal Yq, presence of a reduced H-Y titer allows for the tentative assignment of a controlling gene repressing the H-Y structural gene. From the cases studied, it follows that the H-Y structural gene is autosomal and under the control of X- and Y-linked genes. The conception emerges that interaction between X- and Y-linked genes or their products results in variation of the H-Y antigen titer. The fate of the indifferent gonadal anlage to differentiate into the male or the female direction will depend on the titer of H-Y antigen reached by the action or interaction of the controlling genes involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00278963
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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