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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein patterns in the oat coleoptile as influenced by auxin and by protein turnover (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 429-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin action ; Avena ; Coleoptile ; Protein synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Synthesis of growth-limiting proteins (GLP) is required for continued auxin-induced elongation of oat (Avena sativa L.) coleoptiles. In order to determine whether GLP synthesis is dependent or independent of auxin, a double-labeling ratio technique, coupled with disc-gel electrophoresis, has been used to assess the effect of auxin on the pattern of protein synthesis. Sections were peeled to enhance amino-acid uptake; proteins were labeled with [14C]- or [3H] leucine in the presence or absence of indole-3-acetic acid for 40 min to 6 h, and were separated into soluble, membrane-associated, and wall-associated fractions. Regardless of the conditions used, or the protein fraction examined, no changes in response to auxin were detected in the pattern of protein synthesis. In order to escape detection by this technique an auxin-induced protein would have to comprise less than 0.75% of the total newly synthesized protein. Thus the synthesis of GLP appears to be independent of auxin. The same technique has been used to follow protein turnover. During the chase, proteins are initially degraded at an average rate of 8% h−1, and some protein bands showed as much as 14% h−1 degradation. No protein was detected which had a turnover rate as rapid as the GLP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02395310
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Instron technique as a measure of immediate-past wall extensibility (1984)
    Springer
    Planta 160 (1984), S. 514-520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin and wall extensibility ; Avena (wall extensibility) ; Glycine (wall extensibility) ; Instron technique ; Plastic extensibility ; Wall extensibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between the plastic-extensibility values (PEx) obtained in the Instron technique and the growth parameter, wall extensibility (Φ) has been evaluated for Avena sativa L. coleoptile cell walls. The possibility that PEx is proportional to the growth rate rather than to Φ has been eliminated by showing that turgor-driven changes in the growth rate do not cause comparable changes in PEx. For Avena coleoptiles, PEx appears to be a measure of the average Φ over the previous 60–90 min rather than a measure of the instantaneous Φ of the growth equation. This is indicated by the fact that while PEx and the growth rate start to change simultaneously after addition of indole-3-acetic acid or KCN, the growth rate reaches a new, constant value 60–90 min before a new plateau value of PEx is obtained. Similar results are obrained with soybean (Glycine max L.) hypocotyl walls, indicating that the relationship between PEx and the parameter Φ is a general one, although the period over which Φ is averaged differs from tissue to tissue. In addition, it is shown that PEx can be measured more than once on the same section; a new potential for plastic extension is regenerated whenever the force vectors are changed even slightly. It is concluded that PEx is a measure of those domains in the wall where a wall-loosening event has occurred which has not been eliminated by further wall synthesis or other biochemical events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411139
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of light-induced bean leaf expansion: Role of osmotic potential, wall yield stress, and hydraulic conductivity (1981)
    Springer
    Planta 153 (1981), S. 572-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cell wall (extensibility) ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Leaf growth ; Light and leaf growth ; Osmotic potential ; Phaseolus ; Yield stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The role of three-turgor-related cellular parameters, the osmotic potential (Ψ s), the wall yield stress (Y) and the apparent hydraulic conductivity (L'p), in the initiation of ligh-induced expansion of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) leaves has been determined. Although light causes an increase in the total solute content of leaf cells, the water uptake accompanying growth results in a slight increase in Ψ s. Y is about 4 bar; and is unaffected by light. L'p, as calculated from growth rates and isopiestic measurements of leaf water potential, is only slightly greater in rapidly-growing leaves. The turgor pressure of growing cells is lower than that of the controls by about 35%. We conclude that light does not induce cell enlargement in the leaf by altering any of the above parameters, but does so primarily by increasing wall extensibility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385543
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress relaxation of cell walls and the yield threshold for growth (1984)
    Springer
    Planta 162 (1984), S. 46-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cell expansion ; Cell wall stress relaxation ; Growth yield threshold ; Pisum (growth analysis) ; Turgor pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Theory predicts that, for growing plant cells isolated from a supply of water, stress relaxation of the cell wall should decrease cell turgor pressure (P) until the yield threshold for cell expansion is reached. This prediction was tested by direct P measurements of pea (Pisum sativum L.) stem cortical cells before and after excision of the growing region and isolation of the growing tissue from an external water supply. Cell P was measured with the micro-pressure probe under conditions which eliminated transpiration. Psychrometric measurements of water potential confirmed the pressureprobe measurements. Following excision, P of the growing cells decreased in 1 h by an average of 1.8 bar to a mean plateau value of 2.8 bar, and remained constant thereafter. Treatment with 10-5 M indole-3-acetic acid or 10-5 M fusicoccin (known growth stimulants) accelerated the rate of P relaxation, whereas various treatments which inhibit growth slowed down or completely stopped P relaxation in apical segments. In contrast, P of basal (nongrowing) segments gradually increased because of absorption of solutes from the cell-wall free space of the tissue. Such solute absorption also occurred in apical segments, but wall relaxation held P at the yield threshold in those segments which were isolated from an external water supply. These results provide a new and rapid method for measuring the yield threshold and they show that P in intact growing pea stems exceeds the yield threshold by about 2 bar. Wall relaxation is shown here to affect the water potential and turgor pressure of excised growing segments. In addition, solute release and absorption upon excision may influence the water potential and turgor pressure of nongrowing excised plant tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397420
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proton excretion and cell expansion in bean leaves (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 273-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Acid-growth theory ; Cell enlargement ; Cell-wall extensibility ; Leaf expansion ; Phaseolus ; Proton excretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Light-induced expansion of Phaseolus vulgaris L. leaf cells is accompanied by increased cell-wall plasticity. The possibility that leaf-cell walls are loosened by excreted protons has been investigated. First, light causes acidification, detected at the leaf surface, within 5–15 min. Growth starts 10–20 min after exposure to light. Second, exogenous acid induces loosening of isolated leaf cell walls. Third, infiltration of the tissue with a neutral buffer inhibits light-induced growth. Fourth, fusicoccin stimulates growth of as well as H+ excretion by bean leaf cells, without light. These findings show that the acid-growth theory is applicable to light-induced growth of leaf cells, and indicate that light-induced proton excretion initiates cell enlargement in leaves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380038
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein patterns in the oat coleoptile as influenced by auxin and by protein turnover (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 429-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin action ; Avena ; Coleoptile ; Protein synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Synthesis of growth-limiting proteins (GLP) is required for continued auxin-induced elongation of oat (Avena sativa L.) coleoptiles. In order to determine whether GLP synthesis is dependent or independent of auxin, a double-labeling ratio technique, coupled with disc-gel electrophoresis, has been used to assess the effect of auxin on the pattern of protein synthesis. Sections were peeled to enhance amino-acid uptake; proteins were labeled with [14C]- or [3H] leucine in the presence or absence of indole-3-acetic acid for 40 min to 6 h, and were separated into soluble, membrane-associated, and wall-associated fractions. Regardless of the conditions used, or the protein fraction examined, no changes in response to auxin were detected in the pattern of protein synthesis. In order to escape detection by this technique an auxin-induced protein would have to comprise less than 0.75% of the total newly synthesized protein. Thus the synthesis of GLP appears to be independent of auxin. The same technique has been used to follow protein turnover. During the chase, proteins are initially degraded at an average rate of 8% h−1, and some protein bands showed as much as 14% h−1 degradation. No protein was detected which had a turnover rate as rapid as the GLP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00552655
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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