GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    In: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 118, No. 1 ( 1980-3), p. 591-615
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-4553 , 1420-9136
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 1980
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1464028-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 216719-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 89, No. D4 ( 1984-06-30), p. 5115-5124
    Abstract: The LIMS experiment on NIMBUS 7 used the technique of thermal infrared limb scanning to sound the composition and structure of the upper atmosphere. One of the LIMS channels was spectrally centered at 6.9 μm to measure the vertical profile and global distribution of stratospheric water vapor. This paper describes the characteristics of and data from the water vapor channel and the steps taken to validate results. The mean difference between LIMS measurements and data from 13 balloon under‐flights is about 0.6 ppmv with LIMS mixing ratios biased high with respect to in situ data. This difference is of about the same order as the estimated LIMS accuracy and is less than the sum of the errors for LIMS and the balloon techniques. The precision measured in orbit is 0.2–0.3 ppmv, and the accuracy, based on computer simulations, is estimated to be 20–30% over the range from 50 mbar to about the stratopause. The vertical distribution in the tropics shows the presence of a hygropause where the mixing ratio decreases to a minimum above the tropopause and then increases with altitude. In extratropical regions, the profile is nearly constant with height and has a value of about 5 ppmv. An unexplained diurnal variation exists in the data which is largest at the 1‐mbar level (1–2 ppmv) and virtually nonexistant at 10 mbar. Day values are higher than night. Until this phenomenon is better understood, caution must be used in drawing conclusions about the H 2 O altitude behavior in the upper stratosphere. An anti‐correlation exists in the fine structure of the vertical water and temperature profiles. This is brought about primarily by small temperature errors and should not be taken as real. For this and other reasons, more confidence is placed in zonal mean distributions averaged over several days rather than in single profiles. A zonal mean pressure‐latitude cross section is described for January.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1984
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 89, No. D4 ( 1984-06-30), p. 5141-5146
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 89, No. D4 ( 1984-06-30), p. 5141-5146
    Abstract: The Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) instrument on the NIMBUS 7 spacecraft sensed limb emission profiles for 7 months starting in October 1979. Vertical temperature profiles are inferred from measurements in two CO 2 channels, and constituent profiles are obtained from the O 3 , HNO 3 , NO 2 , and water vapor channels. The line parameters used to calculate transmittances in the retrieval algorithm are presented. Their adequacy for LIMS and for other applications are assessed, and recommendations for future investigations are outlined.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 89, No. D4 ( 1984-06-30), p. 5179-5190
    Abstract: The LIMS is a six channel limb scanning IR radiometer flying on the NIMBUS 7 spacecraft. It measured radiances from October 24, 1978, to May 28, 1979, from which vertical profiles of temperature, ozone, water vapor, nitrogen dioxide, and nitric acid were determined. Nitric acid (HNO 3 ) plays an important role in stratospheric chemistry, both as reservoir and as sink for the nitrogen compounds and because of its relationship to the hydroxyl radical. This paper describes the validation of the HNO 3 results, beginning with an outline of the measurements and data reduction leading to the retrievals. The error sources due to instrumental effects and data reduction are described, and their effects on the results are calculated. The predicted random errors are shown to be somewhat larger than the observed values of ∼0.10 ppbv. The LIMS results are within 20% of a set of 15 correlative balloon‐borne measurements, obtained with several techniques over a range of season, latitude, and pressure between 100 and 20 mbar, the region of largest HNO 3 mixing ratio. This is about the accuracy of the correlative measurements. The percent differences are larger at altitudes above 10 mbar. LIMS results agree with earlier measurements at all but the highest levels. Total overburdens above 200 mbar calculated from LIMS agree with those measured spectroscopically from aircraft. LIMS and other HNO 3 measurements show similar agreement with model predictions. The consistency suggests that the major LIMS error sources are reasonably well understood. The HNO 3 /NO 2 ratio also leads to reasonable OH concentrations. The global distribution of HNO 3 in November shows strong latitudinal variation at the altitude of the maximum, with a large build up over the northern hemisphere pole at ∼40 mbar, but lower values over the southern pole. This reverses by early northern spring. Some characteristics and limits on the data are noted, but the LIMS HNO 3 determinations are usually of comparable accuracy to other determinations. These results provide a valuable addition to our knowledge of the distributions of trace gases in the stratosphere. By themselves, but especially in conjunction with the LIMS measurements of temperature, ozone, water vapor, and nitrogen dioxide, they form the basis for a wide range of atmospheric studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 89, No. D4 ( 1984-06-30), p. 5099-5107
    Abstract: The LIMS experiment launched on NIMBUS 7 measured vertical profiles of temperature and the concentrations of O 3 , H 2 O, HNO 3 , and NO 2 during the period from late October 1978 until late May 1979. This paper discusses the validation of results from the NO 2 , channel and the quality of the data. The discussion includes channel characteristics, experiment errors due to instrument and spacecraft effects, predicted and measured precision, predicted accuracy, and comparisons with correlative measurements made in a series of balloon underflights. All balloon measurements used for comparisons were made using the solar occultation technique, and since NO 2 varies significantly over the diurnal cycle, a photochemical model was used to time translate the data to the LIMS time. Because of this the comparisons were primarily qualitative. Features such as profile shape and slope of the mixing ratio altitude distribution are in good agreement. The mean difference between LIMS results and the balloon data is well within the range of the sum of the error bars for the two data sets. Comparisons are also made with past balloon measurements taken in the 40°N to 50°N latitude band and with photochemical model predictions of the vertical profile. The LIMS data fall within the range of previous mixing ratio measurements, and they are consistent with model estimates. The calculated on‐orbit precision is ≈0.3 ppbv and the estimated accuracy from simulations is ≈2 ppbv over the 3‐mbar to 10‐mbar range. Accuracy degrades at higher and lower pressure levels. These results provide the first day‐night set of NO 2 measurements from space.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1984
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 89, No. D4 ( 1984-06-30), p. 5161-5178
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 89, No. D4 ( 1984-06-30), p. 5161-5178
    Abstract: Approximately months of stratospheric ozone profiles have been processed from the Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) experiment on NIMBUS 7. Data profiles cover the stratosphere and mesosphere from 100 to 0.1 mbar and from 84°N to 64°S latitude. The retrieved ozone profiles are not constrained in any way to an initial guess profile or to an ozone climatology. This paper describes the ozone channel characteristics, precision, systematic uncertainties, and comparisons with data from balloon and rocket underflights, Umkehr soundings, and Dobson measurements. Comparisons with Dobson total ozone are made by integrating combined LIMS plus balloon profiles. The estimated on‐orbit precision is 0.02–0.16 ppmv. Simulations of the experiment indicate potential systematic uncertainties ranging from 15% in the 1‐mbar to the 3‐mbar region to an upper limit of 40% at 100 mbar and 0.1 mbar. Comparisons with sets of correlative ozone profiles show mean differences of less than 10% from 7 to 50 mbar for mid‐latitude balloon‐borne sensors and 16% from 0.3 to 50 mbar for rocket data. Such results are well within the uncertainties for the correlative sensors themselves. Agreement with balloon measurements degrades somewhat at tropical latitudes in the lower stratosphere. LIMS detects significant vertical structure in the ozone profile even below the ozone mixing ratio peak. Preliminary comparisons with Umkehr data at four stations show generally good agreement from 1 to 30 mbar. The zonal mean ozone cross section for March 1979 compares well with ozone climatologies reported by Dutsch (1974) and with more recent data obtained for a similar time of year using satellite instruments operating at the much different ultraviolet and visible wavelengths. When taken together with the other LIMS parameters (temperature, H 2 O, HNO 3 , and NO 2 ), this new ozone data set can be used to study middle atmospheric processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1981
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 86, No. C10 ( 1981-10-20), p. 9589-9589
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 86, No. C10 ( 1981-10-20), p. 9589-9589
    Abstract: Several recent developments have led to a strong upsurge of interest in the dynamics of the middle atmosphere, which is that portion of the atmosphere between the tropopause (8‐16 km) and 100 km altitude. One is the development of new theoretical insights and capabilities, notably the renewed interest in traveling planetary waves, and in the Lagrangian approach to atmospheric dynamics, with the demonstration that it provides illuminating insights into the interactions between waves and the mean flow. The number and scope of computer models has also grown rapidly.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1981
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 1984
    In:  Science Vol. 225, No. 4659 ( 1984-07-20), p. 315-317
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 225, No. 4659 ( 1984-07-20), p. 315-317
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 89, No. D4 ( 1984-06-30), p. 5147-5160
    Abstract: The LIMS is a six‐channel limb scanning infrared radiometer flying on the NIMBUS 7 spacecraft. It measured radiances from October 25, 1978 to May 28, 1979, from which vertical profiles of temperature, ozone, water vapor, nitric acid and nitrogen dioxide were derived. The temperature is of major importance for studies of middle atmospheric dynamics, as well as for chemical and radiative studies. It is also needed by LIMS in order to derive the concentrations of the trace gases. This paper briefly outlines the temperature determination (as a function of pressure) from measurements in two channels covering portions of the 15‐μm band of CO 2 . The known sources of error, from the radiometer and data reduction, are used to estimate the systematic and random errors (accuracy and precision, respectively) expected of the results. Observational determinations of the complete end‐to‐end precision are obtained by computing the standard deviation of six sequential temperature retrievals in regions where the atmosphere is horizontally uniform. This yields values of 0.2 to 0.6 K, in reasonable agreement with the estimates. A correction for horizontal gradients in the atmosphere leads to a large reduction in the differences between the stratospheric temperatures determined on the ascending and descending portions of the orbit. The temperatures agree in the mean with radiosondes and rocketsondes to within 1–2 K in most regions below 1 mbar. This is approximately the accuracy of these in situ sensors in the stratosphere. Above 1 mbar, LIMS temperatures are cooler than rocketsondes by a few degrees at all latitudes, especially in mid‐latitude winter. However, comparisons with other results suggest that rocket temperatures are high, contributing at least part of the error. The temperature cross sections show several interesting features, such as cold regions in the mid‐latitude mesosphere and wavelike vertical variations in the tropics, which have not been seen before. These data provide a useful and in some ways unique basis for studies of the stratosphere and mesosphere.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1984
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 89, No. D7 ( 1984-12-20), p. 11711-11715
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 89, No. D7 ( 1984-12-20), p. 11711-11715
    Abstract: Temperature soundings from rocketsondes used by the USSR have been compared to temperature retrievals obtained in low, middle, and high latitudes by the LIMS instrument on Nimbus 7. The rocket and satellite temperatures agree at low altitudes, but the rocket temperatures are about 10 K cooler near the stratopause. There is a tendency for the agreement to become better in the mesosphere, but there appear to be significant differences between day and night comparisons. A day‐night correction curve is derived, and the USSR comparisons are converted to day conditions. A comparison between LIMS and U.S. rocketsondes in the same latitude bands shows generally good agreement up to the stratopause, but above that the U.S. rocket temperatures are warmer. Then, using the LIMS as a transfer standard, rocketsondes from the United States and the Soviet Union are intercompared. The differences are similar in all three latitude bands but larger than those found in the previous (1977) intercomparison. The differences determined in this study should be more representative, since they represent a variety of locations and seasons as well as standard operational procedures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...