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  • 1985-1989  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 94 (1986), S. 205-215 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Na,K-ATPase ; vanadate ; rubidium ; shark rectal gland ; ouabain ; cAMP ; theophylline ; furosemide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Scatchard analysis of3H ouabain bound to isolated rectal gland cells as a function of increasing ouabain concentrations produced a concave curvilinear plot that was resolved into two specific sites with either a high (I) or low (II) affinity for ouabain. Cyclic cAMP/theophylline (±furosemide, 10−4 m) increased the amount of3H ouabain bound to the high-affinity site I. Vanadate, a phosphate congener which promotes formation of the ouabain-binding state of the enzyme, mimicked the effects of cAMP/theophylline at low concentrations of ouabain, suggesting that cAMP/theophylline increases binding to site I by enhancing the rate of turnover of resident enzyme. Enhanced86Rb uptake seen following cAMP/theophylline administration was primarily associated with increased flux through the high-affinity ouabain site, and this stimulation was not obliterated by the co-administration of furosemide. A model was presented which suggested the presence of two noninteracting pools of enzyme or isozymes which exhibit either a high or low affinity for ouabain. Cyclic AMP both stimulated turnover via site I, and modified the kinetics of binding of3H ouabain to site II. The (ave)K d of3H ouabain for site II was increased from 3.6 μm (controls) to 0.5 μm (cAMP/theophylline) and the Hill coefficient was modified from 0.45 (controls) to 1.12 (caMP/theophylline), suggesting a transition from a negative- to a noncooperative binding state. While furosemide reversed the effects of cAMP/theophylline on site II kinetics, it did not obliterate cAMP/theophylline effects on site I. This suggests that cAMP may alter the intrinsic turnover rate of this particular pool of Na,K-ATPase in shark rectal gland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 42 (1986), S. 570-572 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Anoxic injury ; mitochondrial respiration ; renal medulla ; acute renal failure ; renal metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In brain1, heart2 and kidney3, cell work in the absence of oxygen has been thought to precipitate anoxic damage by increasing the rate of depletion of cellular energy stores. In the medullary thick ascending limb of isolated perfused rat kidneys, however, reduction of ATP synthesis by a variety of mitochondrial or metabolic inhibitors caused ATP depletion comparable to that produced by oxygen deprivation but did not reproduce the lesions of anoxia. In these cells, unrestrained mitochondrial activity may be an important source of anoxic injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 30 (1985), S. 193-194 
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 30 (1985), S. 33-36 
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Coronary heart disease and the risk factors which predispose to it aggregate in families. How much of this clustering of disease is “explained” by the familial resemblance in predisposing factors? The published reports which bear on this question fall into six distinct study designs: prospective studies, persons at high or low risk or persons with and without a positive family history as points of departure, case-control studies, studies of patients who had a coronary angiogram and studies in different ethnic groups. The findings of the 16 investigations reviewed suggest that there are as yet unidentified factors — genetic, environmental or both — which are responsible for familial clustering of coronary heart disease, apart from the three main risk factors (serum lipids, blood pressure, smoking) and diabetes. Future research must put greater emphasis on studies of families rather than individuals and on closer collaboration between epidemiogists and geneticists, in order to fill these gaps in knowledge. It is likely that the individual predisposition to coronary heart disease is due in part to genetic influences which remain to be discovered in the course of such studies. They would help in identifying susceptible persons in the population with greater precision than is now possible. The “high-risk strategy” of coronary heart disease prevention will become more efficient as more specific and sensitive tests of disease prediction are developed. In the meantime, preventive programmes must be put into action on the basis of what is already known, on the level of both the high-risk and the community-wide mass strategy.
    Notes: Resumé Les cardiopathies coronariennes et leurs facteurs prédisposants présentent une aggrégation familiale. Dans quelle mesure cette aggrégation est-elle expliqué par les similitudes familiales à l'égard prédisposants? Les travaux publiés traitant cette question présentent six designs différents: étude prospective, personne à haut ou bas risque, personne avec et sans histoire familiale positive, étude cas-contrôle, étude de patients ayant eu une angiographie coronarienne, étude de différents groupes ethniques. Les résultats de seize recherches examinées suggèrent qu'il existe des facteurs non encore identifiés (génétiques, environnementaux ou les deux) qui sont responsables de l'aggrégation familiale des cardiopathies coronariennes, s'ajoutant aux trois facteurs de risque principaux (lipides sériques, pression sanguine, tabagisme) et au diabète. De façon à compléter nos connaissances dans ce domaine, les travaux futurs devront porter plus d'attention à l'étude des familles (plutôt qu'à celle des individus), et accroître la collaboration entre épidémiologues et généticiens. Il est vraisemblable que la prédisposition individuelle aux cardiopathies coronariennes est partiellement due à un facteur génétique, celui-ci restant à découvrir. L'identification des personnes à risque dans la population pourrait être faite avec une meilleure précision qu'aujourd'hui. La “stratégie du haut risque” de la prévention des cardiopathies deviendrait plus efficace par le développement de tests prédictifs plus sensibles et plus spécifiques. Dans l'entre-temps, des programmes de prévention doivent être implantés sur la base de ce que l'on sait déjà, en utilisant à la fois une stratégie du “haut risque” et une stratégie axée sur la population.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 30 (1985), S. 95-99 
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Schweiz beteiligt sich an der multizentrischen Studie “Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease — MONICA”. Ueber einen Zeitraum von zehn Jahren wird für eine Studienbevölkerung die Inzidenz des akuten Myokardinfarktes erfasst. Diese Angaben sollen einerseits mit der Aenderung der Therapiegewohnheiten verglichen werden und andererseits mit der Verbreitung der bekannten Risikofaktoren für Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen in der Bevölkerung. Es wird beschrieben, wie in der Schweiz die verschiedenen Daten erfasst werden sollen und wie weit die Arbeiten bislang gediehen sind.
    Abstract: Résumé La Suisse participe à l'étude multicentrique “Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease — MONICA” — observation des tendances et déterminants des maladies cardio-vasculaires. Cette étude consiste à enregistrer tous les cas d'infarctus d'une population cible pendant une période de dix ans. Le changement dans le temps de cette incidence sera comparé d'une part à l'évolution des traitements dans la phase aigüe de l'infarctus, d'autre part aux modifications des facteurs de risque observées dans la population. Cet article décrit les moyens mis en oeuvre pour la récolte des données et les étapes de l'étude déjà réalisées.
    Notes: Summary Switzerland is currently participating in the multicenter study “Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease — MONICA”. Incidence of acute myocardial infarction will be studied over a period of ten years in a target population. The results will be compared with changes in medical care and the spread of known risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the population. This paper describes how the different data will be registered in Switzerland and how far the work has progressed up to now.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusion Afin de tenir compte de ces recommandations pour notre alimentation quotidienne, il faut adapter aussi bien les menus domestiques destinés à la famille que les menus des cantines sur les lieux de travail, et ceci de façon simultanée. Ce but peut être atteint sans modifier nos traditions alimentaires, ni même notre approvisionnement. Le respect de ces directives permettra d'équilibrer rapidement notre alimentation et adapter notre consommation à nos besoins réels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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