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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural characterization of the manganese(IV) Schiff-base complex MnIV(5-Cl-SALAHP)2 (1989)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 45 (1989), S. 1517-1519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270189003136
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo interference by Newcastle disease virus in chickens, the natural host of the virus (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 108 (1989), S. 229-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Homologous and heterologous viral interference is a common occurrence that has been well studied in vitro. In the present study, homologous viral interference between the LaSota and NYP strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was studied in vivo in chickens, the natural host for NDV. The LaSota strain is avirulent and widely used as a vaccine in poultry industry, while the NYP strain is highly virulent and causes acute disease and death in chickens within four to six days after infection. Chickens generally became resistant to NYP strain challenge 12 hours after intranasal or intratracheal inoculation with LaSota strain virus. The resistance was manifested by reduction in chicken morbidity and mortality, decrease in virus replication in the chicken respiratory tract (p〈0.05), and inhibition of NYP strain induced gross and microscopic lesions. Interferon was first detected in the chicken respiratory tract and blood at 3 to 6 hours; it peaked at 12 to 24 hours and was maintained for 48 hours after viral inoculation, indicating that interferon induction might be one possible mechanism of the interference between the two strains. This study suggests a role for viral interference in vaccination against virulent viruses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01310936
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientational ordering in solid D2 from NMR studies. I. The hcp phase (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 65 (1986), S. 47-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using a coherent pulsed NMR spectrometer operating at 5.9 MHz, measurements have been made of the free induction decay and of the solid echo in hcp solid D2. From these data, and using Fourier transform techniques, the NMR line shapes and longitudinal relaxation times have been found for both o-D2 (angular momentumJ=0 and spinI=2) and p-D2 (withJ=1 andI=1) separately. The concentration and temperature extended over the ranges 0.05≤X(J=1)≤0.56 and 0.04〈T〈3 K, respectively. For both o-D2 and p-D2, the second moment of the NMR line shape rises smoothly as the temperature decreases, while the relaxation times pass through a minimum. No evidence of a thermal hysteresis could be found in the line shape or relaxation times. The orientational ordering increases continuously as the temperature decreases and the results lead to the conclusion that there is no evidence for a well-defined transition into a phase that has the characteristics of a glassy state, at least above 0.05 K. Calculations of the rms order parameter σ for p-D2 as a function ofX andT are presented and the results compared with those for solid H2. Above ∼ 0.5 K, the agreement is very good, while below ∼ 0.3 K, σ(H2)〉σ(D2). The orientational polarization of theJ=0 molecules in D2 by the surroundingJ=1 molecules is measured from the ratio of the lineshape second moments and is found to be in order-of-magnitude agreement with the predictions by A. B. Harris in the high-temperature limit. An analysis and correlation of the various measured relaxation times via energy diffusion models is presented. From the spin-lattice relaxation times of theJ=1 molecules, the orientational fluctuation rates are estimated for various concentrations as a function ofT and compared with the results from H2. Good agreement is found. Some unusual features in the intensity ratio of theI=1 andI=2 signals that is different from the expected one are described. In an Appendix, corrections made to the observed line shapes to compensate for the instrumental limitations of the pulse spectrometer are outlined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685401
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR studies of a D2 single crystal in the ordered phase (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 72 (1988), S. 99-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the first experimental study of the NMR lineshape anisotropy in the orientationally ordered cubic phase of a D2 single crystal. The para-D2 concentration covered the range 0.72〈X〈0.82. The observed line shapes were obtained by means of Fourier transform techniques from the solid echoes recorded with a pulsed NMR spectrometer operating at 5.9 MHz. Theoretical line shapes and their second moments forp-D2 (with angular momentumJ=1 and spinI=1) and foro-D2 (withJ=0, I=2) were calculated as a function of the applied field direction from the theory by A. B. Harris. Good agreement was obtained for all directions, provided that, just as for solid H2, a Gaussian function for the distribution of molecular axial alignment was assumed with an rms spreading angle of ∼6 deg forX=0.77. No change in the anisotropy of the second moment in the disordered phase was detected between the initial (hcp) crystal and after repeated thermal cyclings through the martensitic transition. This result implies no change in the orientation of the plane for the sliding nets during repeated passages through the transition. Furthermore, we report measurements of the longitudinal relaxation time for bothp-D2 ando-H2 versusT over the temperature range 0.5〈T〈3.5 K. The complex behavior reported previously for both H2 and D2 was confirmed. Measurements of the relaxation times as a function of the applied field direction in the ordered phase at 1.2 K showed no anisotropy within experimental error, and this result is discussed in the light of predictions by Hardy and Berlinsky. Finally, the polarization of theJ=0 molecules is studied as a function of the concentrationX of theJ=1 molecules and their state of orientational order over a wide range ofX andT in the ordered and disordered states. The results are compared with predictions of A. B. Harris and with previous data on polycrystalline samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00681728
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Orientational ordering in solid D2 from NMR studies. II. The cubic ordered phase (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 65 (1986), S. 91-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An NMR study in the cubic phase of D2 which exhibits long-range orientational order is reported. The spin systems in both para D2 (with angular momentum J=1 and spinI=1) and in ortho D2 (with J=0 andI=2) were investigated. The integrated intensity ratio of theI=1 andI=2 components in the solid echo, the NMR line shapes obtained by Fourier transforming the solid echoes, and the longitudinal relaxation times for theI=1 andI=2 systems are presented. Samples with D2 concentrationX between 0.69 and 0.62 were studied over the temperature range 0.12〈T〈4 K. Measurements were carried out before and after repeated thermal cycling through the ordering transition to study the effect of this cycling on the temperature dependence of the relaxation times. The complex behavior of these relaxation times was found to be similar to that in cubic H2 at a comparable concentration, and the interpretation of this behavior is discussed. Over most of the temperature range, the relaxation time of theI=2 spins is larger than that of theI=1 spins and is believed to be determined by cross-relaxation with the latter, whose intrinsic spin-lattice relaxation is observed. However, at low enough temperatures, the relaxation time for theI=2 spins is found to be shorter than that for theI=1 spins, and this observation cannot be understood on the basis of predictions. Furthermore, theI=2 relaxation time in this temperature region is found to depend on the position within the NMR line. Another observation not yet understood is that the ratio of the integrated intensitiesS(I=1)/S(I=2) in the solid echo is smaller than the theoretically predicted one by about 20%. The NMR line shapes for theI=1 spins in the ordered phase obtained from pulse measurements are compared with those from continuous-wave methods and to those from H2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685402
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of ovarian hormones on the rat oviductal and uterine concentration of noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine (1989)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 14 (1989), S. 821-827 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Noradrenaline ; 5-hydroxytryptamine ; oviduct ; uterus ; ovariectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the effects of estradiol and progesterone on the concenirations of noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the Wistar rat oviduct and uterus. The levels of noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine are higher in the oviduct than in the uterus whereas p-tyrosine and tryptophan are similar in both tissues. Estradiol treatment reduced the oviductal concentration of noradrenaline but not 5-hydroxytryptamine in oviduct, while the concentrations of both noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine were reduced in uterine horn. The levels of noradrenaline in the oviduct and uterus in rats in estrus were lower than those of diestrous rats. Bilateral ovariectomy produced an increase in uterine noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels. These changes were reversed in the presence of ovarian hormones as indicated by experiments where unilateral ovariectomy was performed. Reserpine administration reduced noradrenaline concentration in both the oviduct and the uterus but did not change oviductal or uterine 5-hydroxytryptamine. These results indicate the existence of noradrenaline within postganglionic sympathetic nerve terminals and suggest that estrogens increase the utilization and the synthesis of noradrenaline in both the oviducts and the uterine horns. With respect to 5-hydroxytryptamine the data support the concept that it is mainly associated with mast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00964810
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the central retina and optic nerve function in media opacities (1986)
    Springer
    Documenta ophthalmologica 63 (1986), S. 101-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2622
    Keywords: Flicker ERG ; flicker VECP ; maculopathy ; media opacities ; optic atrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Conventional electroretinogram (ERG) and pattern VECP (or visual evoked cortical potential) are of limited value in estimating visual function in eyes with media opacities. We used a method consisting of flicker ERG and flicker VECP to successfully overcome this limitation. Three of 25 eyes with cataract had a reduced flicker VECP. These 3 patients also had a history of glaucomatous optic nerve damage. Normal flicker VECP was found in some patients with reduced flicker ERG or reduced scotopic and photopic a-wave. Analysis of the results showed that the flicker VECP is independent of the ERG and flicker ERG. Utilizing this method we could rule out maculopathy and optic nerve damage in patients with media opacities as well as recognize optic nerve damage in patients with coexisting maculopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00153017
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural study of 12 MeV electron irradiated polypropylene by X-ray diffraction (1987)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 65 (1987), S. 347-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract 12 MeV electron beams with different doses of 4, 8, 16 and 32 Mrad from LINAC designed by Nanjing University have been used to irradiate polypropylene films and their structures studied by X-ray diffraction afterwards. We have found that the electron irradiation does not change the total crystallinity of polypropylene but greatly inflences its crystal structure with increase of β phase and decrease of α phase as irradiation dose increases (within 16 Mrad). However, it is unexpected that the structure of irradiated sample with 32 Mrad are similar to that of the control sample. This behavior has also been observed in positron annihilation lifetime measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01303722
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the ring opening polymerization of caprolactone (1988)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 20 (1988), S. 117-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The polymerization of ε-caprolactone(CL) with tetraphenylporphyrin(TPP)-diethylaluminium chloride(Et2AlCl) or Et2AlCl as initiator in toluene at 80° C gove a polymer with narrow molecular weight distribution. The effects of the temperature and the concentration of catalyst on the polymerization rate and the molecular weight of polymer were studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256103
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A preliminary quantum-chemical study of the mechanisms for the reactions of perchlorofluoroethanes with nucleophiles initiated by chlorophilic attacks (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 2 (1989), S. 103-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A preliminary theoretical study of the mechanisms for the reactions of the perchlorofluoroethanes CF2ClCCl3 (1), CF2ClCCl2F (2) and CF3CCl3 (3), with nucleophiles has been carried out by the MNDO method, following the experimentally suggested process shown in Scheme 1. The unlikely chlorophilic attack in the first step of Scheme 1 has been shown to be feasible for 1, 2 and 3 by analysis of the MO interactions. The second step has been found to be affected by the anionic hyperconjugation which stabilizes the anions CF2ClCCl2- (4), CF2ClCClF- (5) and CF3CCl2- (6) and would make reactions (2) (the second step) unfeasible in gas phase, but in solution reaction (2) may still easily occur for 4 and 5.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.610020203
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