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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A note on the Charleston Gyre
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1985
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 90, No. C6 ( 1985-11-20), p. 11857-11861
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 90, No. C6 ( 1985-11-20), p. 11857-11861
    Abstract: The deflection of the Gulf Stream caused by a topographic feature—the Charleston Bump, located offshore of Savannah, Georgia—results in a quasi‐stationary cyclonic eddy—the Charleston Gyre which is situated over the continental slope east of Charleston and Cape Romain. Occasionally, the upwelling associated with this eddy produces an enhancement in the surface layer primary production that is great enough to be detected by the Nimbus 7 coastal zone color scanner (CZCS). In this note a CZCS image with simultaneous hydrography, current, and wind observations is presented that documents an unusual manifestation of the gyre. In addition to the CZCS image a Seasat synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image is included that clearly indicates the presence of the eddy adjacent to the Gulf Stream front.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JC090iC06p11857
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1985
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  • 2
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    Shoreward Intrusion of Upper Gulf Stream Water onto the U.S. Southeastern Continental Shelf
    American Meteorological Society ; 1987
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography Vol. 17, No. 12 ( 1987-12), p. 2318-2333
    Details
    In: Journal of Physical Oceanography, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 17, No. 12 ( 1987-12), p. 2318-2333
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3670 , 1520-0485
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0485(1987)017〈2318:SIOUGS〉2.0.CO;2
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 1987
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  • 3
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    Wind‐driven upwelling in the vicinity of Cape Finisterre, Spain
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1986
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 91, No. C7 ( 1986-07-15), p. 8470-8486
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 91, No. C7 ( 1986-07-15), p. 8470-8486
    Abstract: Observations and numerical simulations of upwelling along the Galician coast of Spain during April 1982 are presented. In situ measurements include shipboard determinations of hydrographic and biological parameters from a grid of stations covering the continental shelf from Cape Finisterre to Ria de Vigo, sea level data from Vigo and La Coruña, and wind stress estimates derived from the ship winds and from surface pressure charts. Sea surface temperature information and pigment concentration information have been obtained from a sequence of satellite images from the NOAA 7 advanced very high resolution radiometer and the Nimbus 7 coastal zone color scanner, respectively. Since the Cape Finisterre sector of the Iberian peninsula is characterized by an abrupt change in coastline orientation, wind‐driven upwelling can occur in that region over a 270° range of wind direction. These data document the evolution of upwelling and the resultant coastal circulation in response to two wind events that occurred over a 10‐day period. Salient features of the circulation include a southward coastal jet and a northward flow further offshore along the western coast. Numerical simulations of the coastal currents, the vertical excursion of a density interface from a static equilibrium position, and coastal sea level are conducted using a wind patch characterized by constant direction and negative curl. The simulations show that during these wind events, the greatest upwelling will occur either at Cape Finisterre or along the northern coast as was observed in this case and as has been reported by others. It is suggested on the basis of the analysis of the sea level records and on the numerical simulations that wave disturbances propagate northward along the coast at a speed of 120–160 km/day. Finally, it is speculated that much of the organic material formed during upwelling events north of the Cape Finisterre is advected out to sea northwest of the cape.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JC091iC07p08470
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1986
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  • 4
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    Mesoscale hydrographic variability in the vicinity of Points Conception and Arguello during April–May 1983: The OPUS 1983 experiment
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1986
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 91, No. C11 ( 1986-11-15), p. 12899-12918
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 91, No. C11 ( 1986-11-15), p. 12899-12918
    Abstract: In April and May 1983, interdisciplinary oceanographic observations were made of upwelling events in the Point Conception area off southern California. The principal objective was to observe the structure and time dependence of the upwelling system. To accomplish this, two ships, two aircraft, moorings, drogues, and satellite imagery were all included in the observational effort. During the intensive measurement period three main upwelling events and two intervening relaxation or downwelling intervals were sampled during what was a period of overall longer‐term sea surface warming. Surface temperatures during upwelling were as low as 10.5°C in the upwelling center between Point Arguello and Point Conception, while during periods of nonupwelling winds, temperatures reached 14°–15°C in the same area. The upwelling center was also a source of higher‐salinity water (33.7‰) relative to the offshore waters that were anomalously fresh (33.3‰). Upwelling was observed off Point Arguello, Point Conception, and the area between with a possible lag of up to a day at Point Conception relative to the other areas. The upwelling plume as observed by surface mapping and remote sensing tended to move in a variety of directions from SE to SW. Part of the movement was usually into the Santa Barbara Channel, but other parts of the plume occasionally moved southwestward. There was no obvious correlation of plume direction with the wind. During relaxation events the entire region was covered by a 10‐ to 20‐m‐thick warm (14°–16°C), fresh ( 〈 33.5‰) buoyant layer. Spatial correlations of water temperature with 24‐hour lagged winds showed logical patterns, but the distributions were not as seen in other California studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JC091iC11p12899
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1986
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  • 5
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    Oceanographic studies during Project GALE
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1987
    In:  Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union Vol. 68, No. 48 ( 1987-12), p. 1626-1637
    Details
    In: Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 68, No. 48 ( 1987-12), p. 1626-1637
    Abstract: The Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment (GALE) was a multi‐institutional project sponsored primarily by the National Science Foundation (NSF), with additional support from the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the Office of Naval Research (ONR). The primary objectives were to describe the airflow, mass, and moisture fields during the evolution of U.S. East Coast winter storms, with special emphasis on mesoscale processes; to understand the physical mechanisms controlling the formation and rapid development of East Coast storms; and to develop and test numerical models for the prediction of East Coast cyclones.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0096-3941 , 2324-9250
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/EO068i048p01626
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1987
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  • 6
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    Oceanographic observations during gale
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 1987
    In:  Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology Vol. 5, No. 4 ( 1987-12), p. 309-317
    Details
    In: Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 5, No. 4 ( 1987-12), p. 309-317
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0254-4059 , 1993-5005
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/BF02843813
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 1987
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Hydrographic observations
    Elsevier BV ; 1987
    In:  Progress in Oceanography Vol. 19, No. 3-4 ( 1987-1), p. 231-266
    Details
    In: Progress in Oceanography, Elsevier BV, Vol. 19, No. 3-4 ( 1987-1), p. 231-266
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0079-6611
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/0079-6611(87)90010-3
    RVK:
    RB 10402
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1987
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    SSG: 21,3
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    The asymmetric distribution of chlorophyll associated with a coastal upwelling center
    Elsevier BV ; 1988
    In:  Continental Shelf Research Vol. 8, No. 10 ( 1988-10), p. 1155-1170
    Details
    In: Continental Shelf Research, Elsevier BV, Vol. 8, No. 10 ( 1988-10), p. 1155-1170
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0278-4343
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/0278-4343(88)90017-9
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1988
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  • 9
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    Summary and conclusions
    Elsevier BV ; 1987
    In:  Progress in Oceanography Vol. 19, No. 3-4 ( 1987-1), p. 437-441
    Details
    In: Progress in Oceanography, Elsevier BV, Vol. 19, No. 3-4 ( 1987-1), p. 437-441
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0079-6611
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/0079-6611(87)90017-6
    RVK:
    RB 10402
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1987
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  • 10
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    Hydrographic variability of southeastern United States shelf and slope waters during the Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment: Winter 1986
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1989
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 94, No. C8 ( 1989-08-15), p. 10699-10713
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 94, No. C8 ( 1989-08-15), p. 10699-10713
    Abstract: Continental shelf waters are particularly responsive to winter storm events mainly because of their shallow depths. Those of the southeastern United States (the South Atlantic Bight (SAB)) are especially responsive because they are broad and shallow. Also, the Gulf Stream serves as a continual source of warm water at the outer boundary. Thus the SAB receives strong meteorological (wind stress and heat loss) and oceanographic (advective) forcing. During the Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment (GALE) the response of shelf waters to winter storm events and Gulf Stream forcing was observed. The mean conditions showed a mixed water column with areas of stratification near the coast and at the shelf break. The nearshore area was stratified only during weak offshore winds, and the shelf break area was stratified during southward winds with accompanying onshore Ekman flow. On the inner shelf, advective buoyancy flux was similar in value to heat flux buoyancy and the buoyancy equivalent of wind mixing. Over the shelf break the advective buoyancy flux was 4 times the other forms of buoyancy flux and controlled the observed potential energy variability. A simple box model heat budget used to separate the effect of Gulf Stream eddies and meanders, and Ekman flow and air‐sea heat exchange on the shelf heat content showed that the observed heat content variability was caused by intrusion of Gulf Stream water. The intrusions may be caused either by onshore Ekman flow during southward winds or Gulf Stream meander events.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JC094iC08p10699
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1989
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    SSG: 16,13
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