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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Barlavento-Expedition : Reise Nr. 9 ; 29. Dezember 1988 - 17. März 1989 (1989)
    Hamburg
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Report
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: IV, 238 S , Ill., graph. Darst , 30 cm
    Series Statement: Meteor-Berichte Nr. 89,2
    Language: German
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 236 - 238
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    GEOMAR CATALOGUE
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Forschungsschiff METEOR, Reise Nr. 6, Atlantik 87/88 : Fahrtabschnitte Nr. 1 - 3, Oktober - Dezember 1987 ; Berichte der wissenschaftlichen Leiter (1988)
    Kiel : Inst. für Meereskunde an der Univ., Abt. Meeresphysik
    Details Availability
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 77 S. , graph. Darst., Kt. , 30 cm
    Series Statement: Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel 184
    Language: German
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 76 - 77
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trends in Atlantic equatorial current variability (1987)
    Springer
    Ocean dynamics 40 (1987), S. 261-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden zweimonatliche Bathythermographenschnitte zwischen Europa und Brasilien vom September 1980 bis Mai 1984 vorgestellt. Die Daten werden zur Darstellung eines mehrjährigen Trends im oberflächennahen äquatorialen Stromsystem verwandt, welches senkrecht zu den Schnitten liegt. Unter Ausnutzung einer mittleren Temperatur-Salzgehaltsbeziehung werden die Temperaturprofile in Dichteprofile überführt. Aus diesen wird die dynamische Tiefe (0/300 dbar) errechnet. In Äquatornähe wird eine rechnerische Näherung für die geostrophischen Ströme verwandt. Ferner wird ein Spline-Interpolationsverfahren für die raumzeitliche Herleitung der quasi-meridionalen Strömungsverteilung genutzt. Das äquatoriale Stromsystem wird als eine Zeitserie der dynamischen Tiefe und der geostrophischen Ströme dargestellt.
    Abstract: Résumé Des coupes thermiques au moyen de Bathythermographes à tête perdue (XBT) entre l'Europe et le Brésil environ deux fois par mois de septembre 1980 à mai 1984 sont utilisées pour caracteriser des tendances dans les courants géostrophiques équatoriaux perpendiculaires à ces coupes. Les profils de température dans les couches superficielles sont convertis en profils de densité au moyen de relations temperature-salinité moyennes, et permettent de calculer la hauteur dynamique 0/300 db. Après interpolation (spline) dans le temps et l'espace, on obtient une série spatio-temporelle, présentée sous la forme de cartes trimestrielles de hauteurs dynamiques et de courants géostrophiques.
    Notes: Summary Approximately twice-monthly expendable bathythermograph (XBT) sections between Europe and Brazil, are used to characterize trends in the equatorial geostrophic surface currents orthogonal to the sections between September, 1980 and May, 1984. Using mean temperature-salinity relationships the upper layer temperature profiles are converted to density and used to compute 0/300 db dynamic height. Applying a second derivative method, at and near the equator, geostrophic surface currents are computed along each quasimeridional XBT section and time/space series of the equatorial currents are developed using spline interpolations in both time and space. Equatorial currents are mapped as time series of dynamic height and geostrophic current.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02226280
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
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    A Low-Cost Digital XBT System and its Application to the Real-Time Computation of Dynamic Height (1986)
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 3 (1). pp. 75-83.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-10
    Description: An XBT interface is described for use with Commodore and other 6502 based microprocessors. This interface takes the form of a single circuit board mounted inside the microcomputer and is completely software controlled. The application of this digital XBT system to the real-time computation of density and dynamic height, using historical or recent temperature-salinity relationships, is also described. Comparison between XBT and CTD measured temperatures from the Northeast Atlantic yield a mean temperature difference of −0.08°C and an rms temperature difference of 0.33°C for the upper 800 m. Examples of dynamic topography maps and a temperature section computed using this technique are also presented and comparison between objectively analyzed XBT and CTD dynamic topographies demonstrates the reliability of the method for mapping the baroclinic flow.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0426(1986)003〈0075:ALCDXS〉2.0.CO;2
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    The Madeira Mode Water (1987)
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography, 17 (10). pp. 1561-1570.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-04
    Description: Quasi-homogeneous layers in vertical profiles of temperature and salinity in the eastern North Atlantic near Madeira indicate the existence of a subtropical Mode Water in the Eastern Basin. Temperature sections show a maximum horizontal extent of at least 500 km. The frequency distribution analysis of homogeneous layers in a historical XBT dataset shows a Mode Water formation region near and to the north of Madeira. This Mode Water is found at increasing depths and displaced to the west and southwest during the course of the year after its formation by wintertime convection. It disappears almost completely, due to mixing, before the next winter. Volume estimates suggest that this Madeira Mode Water in the eastern Atlantic accounts for 15–20% of the total Central Water formation in the corresponding density range as obtained from tracer studies in the North Atlantic gyre.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0485(1987)017〈1561:TMMW〉2.0.CO;2
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Forschungsschiff METEOR, Reise Nr. 6, Atlantik 87/88 : Fahrtabschnitte Nr. 1 - 3, Oktober - Dezember 1987 ; Berichte der wissenschaftlichen Leiter (1988)
    Institut für Meereskunde
    In:  Berichte aus dem Institut für Meereskunde an der Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, 184 . Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, Germany, 77 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-21
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3289/IFM_BER_184
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    OceanRep: Report - Cruise Report
  • 7
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    Seven-year current meter record in the eastern North Atlantic (1988)
    Pergamon Press
    In:  Deep Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Papers, 35 (8). pp. 1259-1268.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-04
    Description: Continuous current measurements at the 1000 m level were obtained in the central Canary Basin of the northeast Atlantic near 33°N, 22°W for 2398 days. Even with this very long time series no statistically significant mean current could be estimated at that level, because the energetic fluctuations are large compared to the weak mean. In the eddy scale range, i.e. at current fluctuations are scales between 47 and 455 days, a pronounced anisotropy between zonal and meridional components is apparent. For the first time in the subtropical North Atlantic gyre our data allow confirmation of the expected spectral decrease beyond the eddy scale peak in an eastern basin. With respect to future global experiments we wonder if our results from an eastern basin location are representative for the general circulation at mid-ocean sites?
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(88)90082-9
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Westward bottom currents along the margin of the South Shetland Island Arc (1988)
    Pergamon Press
    In:  Deep Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Papers, 35 (2). pp. 269-301.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-04
    Description: Existing information is synthesized and new data presented to describe the flow of near-bottom water from the Weddell Sea into the Scotia Sea and westward through Drake Passage along the continental slope. The water characteristics and currents along the northern margins of the South Sandwich Island Arc are examined. Long-term current measurements in the bottom waters at locations over the outer shelf and slope and along the continental rise show persistent flow from Atlantic to Pacific along isobaths at speeds of 10–20 cm s−1. Three sources for the waters in these currents are identified and discussed. At the deepest levels, Weddell Sea Deep Water enters the Scotia Sea near 40°W through a depression in the South Scotia Arc and then flows westward, constrained by the bottom topography. This cold, fresh, oxygenated bottom water then flows west to enter Drake Passage via a gap in the Shackleton Fracture Zone at the base of the continental slope northwest of Elephant Island. Mid-depth water may flow from the Weddell Sea to the Scotia Sea through the Powell Basin (sill depth approximately 2000 m) located west of South Orkney Island near 48°W. The westward flowing waters along the shelf and upper continental slope, which are denser than those immediately offshore, may be a continuation of the Polar Slope Current from the Weddell Sea or may be derived principally by convection from the shelves of the South Sandwich Island Arc. A vertical section north of Elephant Island shows downslope convection off the shelf, analogous to the observed at many locations around Antartica.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/0198-0149(88)90040-4
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    A quasi-synoptic survey of the thermocline circulation and water mass distribution within the Canary Basin (1986)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 91 (C8). pp. 9739-9748.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-04-04
    Description: Shipboard hydrographic measurements and moored current meters are used to infer both the large-scale and mesoscale water mass distribution and features of the general circulation in the Canary Basin. We found a convoluted current system dominated by the time-dependent meandering of the eastward flowing Azores Current and the formation of mesoscale eddies. At middepths, several distinctly different water masses are identified: Subpolar Mode and Labrador Sea Water are centered in the northwest, Subantarctic Intermediate Water is centered in the southeast, and the saltier, warmer Mediterranean tongue lies between them. Mesoscale structures of these water masses suggest the presence of middepth meanders and detached eddies which may be caused by fluctuations of the Azores Current.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/JC091iC08p09739
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    Trends in Atlantic equatorial current variability (1987)
    Springer
    In:  Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift, 40 (6). pp. 261-276.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-21
    Description: Approximately twice-monthly expendable bathythermograph (XBT) sections between Europe and Brazil, are used to characterize trends in the equatorial geostrophic surface currents orthogonal to the sections between September, 1980 and May, 1984. Using mean temperature-salinity relationships the upper layer temperature profiles are converted to density and used to compute 0/300 db dynamic height. Applying a second derivative method, at and near the equator, geostrophic surface currents are computed along each quasimeridional XBT section and time/space series of the equatorial currents are developed using spline interpolations in both time and space. Equatorial currents are mapped as time series of dynamic height and geostrophic current.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/BF02226280
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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