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  • 1990-1994  (6)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Batch emulsion copolymerization of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (1991)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 192 (1991), S. 1629-1647 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Kinetics of batch emulsion copolymerization of butyl acrylate (BuA) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) have been investigated using sodium dodecyl sulfate as emulsifier and the redox system potassium peroxodisulfate (K2S2O8)/sodium disulfite (Na2S2O5) as initiator. Latexes have been characterized with regard to their copolymer composition through 1H NMR analysis and particle size distribution by a quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS) technique or transmission electron microscopy. The effect of the monomer feed composition on the average copolymer composition vs. conversion was first studied in order to derive emulsion reactivity ratios. However, simulation of experimental data based on monomer partitioning (due to the high water solubility of MMA) and particle swelling was better accounted for when considering bulk reactivity ratios together with polymerization in the aqueous phase (in addition to that in the main locus of the polymer particles). Then, the influence of several pertinent parameters, such as emulsifier concentration, amount of initiator, monomer-to-water ratio and addition of an organic solvent has been examined in relation to the actual polymerization mechanism.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1991.021920716
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of a hexyl methacrylate-terminated disaccharide monomer and study of its radically initiated homo- and copolymerization with styrene (1993)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 117-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A new disaccharide monomer, 6(-methacryloxyloxy)hexyl β-D-cellobioside (CHMA, 7h), was prepared through a five-step procedure (starting from cellobiose), in which the glycosylation and esterification reactions have been optimized. Kinetics of radical homopolymerization in dimethyl sulfoxide solution were studied through 1H NMR, allowing the determination of the parameter kp/kt1/2. Copolymerizations with styrene (S) were also investigated, giving the reactivity ratios rS = 0,64 and rM = 0,08. Characterization of the various (co)polymers in terms of composition, microstructure and molecular weight was carried out using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and gel-permeation chromatography in tetrahydrofuran, respectively. A preferential syndiotactic configuration was clearly evidenced in the homopolymer.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1993.021940109
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical-intiated copolymers of styrene and p-formaylstyrene, 2Part 1: cf. ref.12. Preparation and characterization of emulsifier-free copolymer latices (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 205-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Monodisperse copolymer latex particles with aldehyde groups at the surface have been prepared by a two-step process, comprising first a soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene using potassium peroxodisulfate as an initiator and secondly a surface functionalization of the seed particles by copolymerizing p-formylstyrene (system. name: 4-vinylbenzaldehyde) using various addition methods. The final latices were characterized with respect to monomer conversion, copolymer composition, particle size and distribution. Particular attention was paid to the characterization of surface aldehyde groups using two different analytical methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and radioactive labelling by coupling with (1-3H1)-2-aminoethanol.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1992.021930119
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical-initiated copolymers of styrene and p-formylstyrene, 1. Solution copolymerization and characterization (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 187-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Kinetics of solution homopolymerization of p-formylstyreneSystem name: 4-vinylbenzaldehyde. (A) and copolymerization with styrene (S) have been examined at 60°C in N,N-dimethylformamide with 2,2′-azoisobutyronitrile as initiator. For p-formylstyrene, kp/kt1/2 = 0,135 L1/2 · mol-1/2 · s-1/2 was estimated from the plot of monomer consumption versus time, i.e. a value greater than that for styrene (Kp and Kt are the rate constants of propagation and termination and termination, respectively). Reactivity ratios have been determined to be rA = 3,0 and rS = 0.2, indicating the reactivity of p-formylstyrene to be higher than that of styrene. Moreover, from initial copolymerization rates, the cross termination factor was calculated and found to depend upon the copolymer composition. Some solution properties of the homo- and copolymers have been analysed: solubility of (co)polymers, their molecular weight and its distribution (by gel permeation chromatography), and their composition and monomer sequence distribution (using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy).
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1992.021930118
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radically initiated copolymers of styrene with 4-vinylbenzylamine and its trifluoroacetamide derivative, 2.Part 1: cf. ref.15. Preparation of latex particles bearing amino groups (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 195 (1994), S. 2153-2167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polystyrene(PS)-based latex particles bearing amino groups have been prepared using a two-step process consisting of seeded copolymerization of a monomer mixture with styrene (S) and either 4-vinylbenzylamine (VBA) or its trifluoroacetamide derivative (VBAF) in the presence of monodisperse PS latex. Poor colloidal properties and bad chemical stability were found in the case of latexes obtained with VBA. Better results were obtained with VBAF, but conversion was not completed. Surface characterization of the final latexes by 1H NMR, XPS and colorimetric titration offer some insight into the location of the VBAF monomer units within the particles.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1994.021950622
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radically initiated copolymers of styrene with 4-vinylbenzylamine and its trifluoroacetamide derivative, 1. Kinetic studies of solution polymerization (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 195 (1994), S. 2141-2152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Kinetics of radically initiated solution homopolymerization of 4-vinylbenzylamine (VBA) and its trifluoroacetamide derivative (VBAF), and their copolymerization with styrene (S), have been investigated at 60°C in toluene and DMSO, respectively, using AIBN as initiator. kp/kt1/2 values were first estimated, showing a higher value for VBAF than for VBA and styrene. The reactivity ratios were determined to be rVBA = 2,15, rS = 0,45 for the VBA/S system and rVBAF = 0,93, rS = 1,03 for the VBAF/S one. This indicates that the reactivity of VBA is higher than that of styrene, but it is significantly lower when VBA is in its protected form (i.e. VBAF), which is well reflected in the Q, e values. Average copolymer compositions, as characterized by 1H NMR and elemental analysis, are in good agreement with the theoretical ones; in addition, comparison of the molecular weights of both series of copolymers, as obtained from GPC, suggests that the VBA monomer can act as a relatively efficient chain transfer agent.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1994.021950621
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