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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast Inhibition of Inwardly Rectifying K+ Channels by Multiple Neurotransmitter Receptors in Oligodendroglia (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 6 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An essential function of myelinating oligodendroglia in the mammalian central nervous system is the regulation of extracellular potassium levels by means of a prominent inwardly rectifying K+ current. Cardiac and neuronal K+ inward rectifiers are either activated by hyperpolarizing voltages or controlled by neurotransmitters through the action of receptor-activated G proteins. Neuromodulation of inward rectifiers has not previously been considered as a way to regulate oligodendrocyte function. Here we report the expression of serotonin, somatostatin and muscarinic acetylcholine G protein-coupled receptors in rat brain oligodendrocytes. Activation of these receptors leads to pertussis toxin-sensitive inhibition of inwardly rectifying K+ channels within 〈1 s. By contrast, in the heart and in neurons, similar pathways activate an inwardly rectifying conductance. Thus, transmitter-mediated blockade of inward rectifiers appears to be an oligodendrocyte-specific variation of a common motif for convergent signalling pathways. In vivo, expression of this mechanism, which may be dependent on neuron-glia signalling, may have a regulatory role in K+ homeostasis during neuron activity in the central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1994.tb00568.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterologous expression of calcium channels (1992)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 126 (1992), S. 97-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: oocytes ; transfected mammalian cells ; cardiac muscle ; skeletal muscle ; brain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231908
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The response to vagusstoff (1993)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 364 (1993), S. 758-759 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE molecular cloning of all the major components in the transduction pathway described in Otto Loewi's famous experiments on isolated frog hearts1 is now complete with the publication of a letter by Kubo et al.2 on page 802 of this issue. Loewi cannulated two hearts and connected the effluent from ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/364758a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Voltage clamping of Xenopus laevis oocytes utilizing agarose-cushion electrodes (1994)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 426 (1994), S. 453-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Agarose-cushion electrodes ; Charging compensator ; Two-electrode voltage clamp ; Xenopus laevis oocytes ; Ion channel modulation ; Heterologous expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two-electrode voltage clamping of expressed ion channels in intact oocytes of the South African clawed frog Xenopus laevis has been refined to allow stable, low-resistance electrical access to the cytosol (50–800 kΩ). Glass microelectrodes were filled with a cushion of 1 % agarose at their tips to prevent KC1 leakage (agarose-cushion electrodes). Insertion of these electrodes into X. laevis oocytes yielded stable preparations for periods of more than l h with a stable input resistance of 1–4MΩ. Furthermore, a simple modification of the voltage-clamp circuit (charging compensator) is described that increases the flexibility of arrangements for differential recording of the membrane potential in order to subtract voltage drops across a series resistance. The result is a considerable increase in the practically attainable speed of the voltage clamp with the conventional two-electrode arrangement. The performance of the charging compensator was tested on an equivalent circuit that simulates the oocyte and electrodes. In addition, the combination of agarose-cushion electrodes and the charging compensator was tested on oocytes expressing Shaker H4 currents. The fidelity of the voltageclamp circuit was also verified by measuring the membrane potential with additional independent microelectrodes connected to a differential amplifier, independent of the two-electrode voltage clamp system. The system described here will be useful for ion channel studies in X. laevis oocytes requiring long-term recordings and/or measurements of large, fast ion currents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388310
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