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Bacteroides gingivalis stimulates bone resorption via interleukin-1 production by mononuclear cells The relative role for B. gingivalis endotoxin (1990)

Noorloos, Adri A. Bom-van ; Meer, Jos W. M. ; Gevel, Joke S. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Journal of clinical periodontology 17 (1990), S. 0

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ISSN: 1600-051X

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract. Supernatants of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured in the presence of B. gingivalis, showed a strong osteoclast stimulating activity as measured by 45Ca release from fetal mouse long bones in vitro. These supernatants also contained a high concentration of bioactive and immunoreactive interleukin-l (IL-1), but tumor necrosis factor (TNFa), another osteoclast-activating cytokine, was not detected. Osteoclast activation by the supernatants was inhibited by an antibody against IL-1. whereas ultrapure human IL-1 mimicked the effect of the supernatant. The ability of B. gingivalis to induce IL-1 and OAF production was heat sensitive, as 20 min heating of the bacteria at 120°C caused a 50% loss of activity. In addition, purified B. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) had little IL-1 inducing capacity, compared with LPS of Escherichia coli. These data suggest that human peripheral blood cells confronted with B. gingivalis produce large amounts of IL-1 which has strong osteoclast stimulating activity. However, in contrast with E. coli LPS, B. gingivalis LPS does not seem to be the major inducing agent. Thus other bacterial components must be responsible for the observed IL-1 and OAF induction.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1990.tb02338.x

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Function of osteocytes in bone (1994)

Aarden, Elisabeth M. ; Nijweide, Peter J. ; Burger, Elisabeth H.

New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 55 (1994), S. 287-299

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ISSN: 0730-2312

Keywords: osteocyte ; gap junction ; cytoskeleton ; extracellular matrix ; osteocytic osteolysis ; bone membrane ; functional adaptation ; mechanical loading ; strain ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine

Notes: Although the structural design of cellular bone (i.e., bone containing osteocytes that are regularly spaced throughout the bone matrix) dates back to the first occurrence of bone as a tissue in evolution, and although osteocytes represent the most abundant cell type of bone, we know as yet little about the role of the osteocyte in bone metabolism. Osteocytes descend from osteoblasts. They are formed by the incorporation of osteoblasts into the bone matrix. Osteocytes remain in contact with each other and with cells on the bone surface via gap junction-coupled cell processes passing through the matrix via small channels, the canaliculi, that connect the cell body-containing lacunae with each other and with the outside world. During differentiation from osteoblast to mature osteocyte the cells lose a large part of their cell organelles. Their cell processes are packed with microfilaments. In this review we discuss the various theories on osteocyte function that have taken in consideration these special features of osteocytes. These are (1) osteocytes are actively involved in bone turnover; (2) the osteocyte network is through its large cell-matrix contact surface involved in ion exchange; and (3) osteocytes are the mechanosensory cells of bone and play a pivotal role in functional adaptation of bone. In our opinion, especially the last theory offers an exciting concept for which some biomechanical, biochemical, and cell biological evidence is already available and which fully warrants further investigations. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Additional Material: 4 Ill.