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  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Insecta ; foraging behavior ; host selection ; Tephritidae ; Diptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We observed the fruit foraging behavior of mature female oriental fruit flies,Dacus dorsalis Hendel (Diptera, Tephritidae), released individually onto potted field-caged host trees containing fruit of different quality, quantity, or type (no fruit, 3 or 12 uninfested kumquats, 12 infested kumquats, or 3 uninfested sweet oranges). Our findings were largely consistent with foraging-behavior theory, and with previous results for Mediterranean fruit fly,Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), and the apple maggot fly,Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh): (1) flies left fruitless trees soon after release, (2) more flies visited fruit, and flies visited more fruit and spent more time on trees with increasing fruit density, and (3) Giving Up Time (time between last oviposition and leaving the tree) was significantly greater for flies visiting infested fruit than for those visiting uninfested fruit. Oriental fruit flies declined to oviposit in fruit containing conspecific larvae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 336 (1994), S. 297-302 
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Investigations on the Photoconductivity of Alkoxy Substituted Oligo- and Poly(1,4-phenyleneethenylene)sThe photoreactivity and the photoconductivity of the mono- and dialkoxy substituted oligo- and poly(1,4-phenyleneethenylene)s 1/1′a-n were investigated in order to optimize the photoconducting properties of these materials. Increasing the length of the side chains enhances the average length of the main chain during the polycondensation and decreases the band gap till the limit of convergence is reached. The highest photoconductivity was observed for the 2,5-dipropyloxy system 1/1′j. Longer side chains render the charge transfer from chain to chain more difficult. The measurements were performed in dispersion layers and related to the industrial standard 3. Compound 1m was also measured in a pure state as transparent film and compared to a poly(N-vinylcarbazole) film which shows a dye-sensitized photoconductivity. In both cases the optimized systems 1/1′ were markedly superior to the standards. The highest sensitivity could be observed for wavelengths λ lying close to the absorption maxima λmax. The compounds 1/1′ have a high photostability on irradiation with visible light; however, they are rapidly destroyed by UV light (254 nm).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Colour and Constitution for Chromium(V) in Tetrahedral Oxygen Coordination. I. An EPR and Ligand Field Spectroscopic Investigation of Chromium(V) in Apatite and Spodiosite PhasesThe isomorphous substitution of tetrahedrally coordinated PV, VV, and AsV in oxidic apatite and spodiosite phases by chromium(V) induces green and blue colours, respectively. The strong polyhedron distortion in the spodiosites is correlated with an appreciable symmetry splitting of the excited tetrahedral 2T2 term and shifts the colour-determining minimum from the green (apatites) into the blue region of the visible spectrum. The EPR investigation allowed to analyse the geometry and the orientation of the CrO43- polyhedra in CrV-doped Spodiosites on the one hand, and the rather weak exchange interactions between different CrO43--tetrahedra in the unit cell, which becomes more significant with increasing CrV concentration and decreasing temperature, on the other hand. There is spectroscopic evidence, that vibronic coupling of the Jahn-Teller type participates in the CrO43- polyhedron distortion and in the splitting of the tetrahedral 2E groundstate.
    Notes: Der isomorphe Ersatz von tetraedrisch koordiniertem PV, VV und AsV in oxidischen Verbindungen vom Apatit- bzw. Spodiosit-Typ durch Chrom(V) verleiht den Festkörpern grüne bzw. blaue Farben. Die starke Polyeder-Verzerrung in den Spodiositen führt zu einer beträchtlichen Symmetrieaufspaltung des angeregten tetraedrischen 2T2-Terms und verschiebt das farbgebende Minimum vom grünen (Apatite) in den blauen Bereich des sichtbaren Spektrums. Die EPR-Untersuchung gab Aufschluß über die Geometrie und Orientierung der CrO43--Polyeder in CrV-dotierten Spodiositen und erlaubte die Analyse der sehr schwachen Austauschwechselwirkungen zwischen verschiedenen CrO43--Tetraedern in der Elementarzelle, die mit steigender CrV-Konzentration und fallender Temperatur bedeutsamer werden. Es gibt spektroskopische Hinweise, daß an der Verzerrung der CrO43--Polyeder und der Aufspaltung des tetraedrischen 2E-Grundzustands vibronische Jahn-Teller-Kopplungen beteiligt sind.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 10 (1990), S. 79-84 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The aim of the project BD1 (Biotechnology Data Bank 1) is to improve the data processing for research in biotechnology. In BD1, data of several classes of objects and methods are compiled. A data file conception consisting of object data files, method data files and feature data files was created, which can be easily extended to further classes, and which allows the combination of different classes of features to the same class of objects. There are two main approaches to use BD1: 1. making available informations on certain biotechnological objects, 2. the identification of unknown objects by means of their feature pattern.The microbiological data base and the possibilities of data base search are presented by example of lactic acid bacteria.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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