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  • Mood  (2)
  • Anserine  (1)
  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of caffeine or diphenhydramine on visual vigilance (1994)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 114 (1994), S. 233-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Vigilance ; Response time ; Caffeine ; Diphenhydramine ; Human performance ; Visual perception ; Mood
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of two drugs having opposite effects on the central nervous system were investigated using a newly developed visual vigilance task. Twenty-four male volunteers (median age=20) performed the task on three separate occasions; after consuming placebo, caffeine (200 mg), or diphenhydramine (25 mg), in a double-blind, Latin Square design. At least 2 days intervened between drug administrations. Caffeine use was restricted for 10 h and smoking for 3 h before drug administration. When compared with placebo, caffeine significantly increased the number of correct responses and decreased response times, whereas diphenhydramine decreased the number of correct responses and increased response times. Low habitual consumers of caffeine (〈 100 mg/day) and non-smokers had more correct responses than did high habitual caffeine consumers (〉 100 mg/day) and smokers, but only in the placebo condition. Non-smokers had faster response times than smokers only in the placebo condition. Both caffeine and diphenhydramine altered certain aspects of mood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244842
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of pharmacological daytime doses of melatonin on human mood and performance (1993)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 112 (1993), S. 490-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Human ; Melatonin ; Mood ; Performance ; Reaction time ; Vigilance ; Fatigue ; Circadian ; Sleep ; Alertness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Melatonin (10, 20, 40, or 80 mg, PO) or placebo was administered at 1145 hours on five separate occasions to 20 healthy male volunteers and the effects on serum melatonin levels, mood, performance, and oral temperature were monitored. Subjects were studied between 0930 and 1700 hours. A battery of interactive computer tasks designed to assess performance and mood was completed, oral temperature was measured, and blood samples were taken for serum melatonin radioimmunoassay. The areas under the time-melatonin concentration curve (AUC) varied significantly in proportion to the various melatonin doses. Compared with placebo treatment, all melatonin doses significantly decreased oral temperature, number of correct responses in auditory vigilance, response latency in reaction time, and self-reported vigor. Melatonin also increased self-reported fatigue, confusion, and sleepiness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244899
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carnosine and anserine concentrations in the quadriceps femoris muscle of healthy humans (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 64 (1992), S. 47-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Carnosine ; Anserine ; Skeletal muscle buffering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The content of anserine and carnosine in the lateral portion of the quadriceps femoris muscle of 50 healthy, human subjects has been studied. Anserine was undetectable in all muscle samples examined. Muscle carnosine values for the group conformed to a normal distribution with a mean (SD) value of 20.0 (4.7) mmol · kg−1 of dry muscle mass. The concentration of carnosine was significantly higher in the muscle of male subjects (21.3, 4.2 mmol · kg−1 dry mass) than in females of a similar age and training status (17.5, 4.8 mmol · kg−1 dry mass) (P〈 0.005). The test-retest reliability of measures was determined on a subgroup of 17 subjects. No significant difference in mean carnosine concentration was found between the two trials [21.5 (4.0) and 22.0 (5.2) mmol · kg−1 dry muscle mass; P〉0.05]. The importance of carnosine as a physicochemical buffer within human muscle was examined by calculating its buffering ability over the physiological pH range. From the range of carnosine concentrations observed (7.2–30.7 mmol · kg−1 dry muscle mass), it was estimated that the dipeptide could buffer between 2.4 and 10.1 mmol H+ · kg−1 dry mass over the physiological pH range 7.1–6.5, contributing, on average, approximately 7% to the total muscle buffering. This suggests that in humans, in contrast to many other species, carnosine is of only limited importance in preventing the reduction in pH observed during high intensity exercise.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376439
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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