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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Entomopathogenic fungi ; Helicoverpa zea ; Heliothis virescens ; Hydrolytic enzymes ; Nomuraea rileyi ; Trichoplusia ni
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Larval cuticle fromTrichoplusia ni, Helicoverpa (=Heliothis)zea, andHeliothis virescens and a cellulose substrate were used to quantify release of proteolytic, chitinolytic, and lipolytic enzymes by germinating conidia of the entomopathogenic fungus,Nomuraea rileyi. There was no significant difference in conidial viability incubated withT. ni, H. zea or cellulose substrates. Conidial viability onH. virescens cuticle, however, was significantly lower (ca. 19–25%) than the other three substrates. The presence of cuticle substrates, especially cuticle ofT. ni, stimulated germination. The nature of the substrate influenced both the time and quantity of the enzymes expressed. Specific proteases (aminopeptidase, chymoelastase, trypsin) generally were expressed earlier and/or in greater quantities on cuticular than on the cellulose substrate. Although both chitinolytic enzymes (endochitinase, N-acetylglucosaminidase) were detected on all three cuticular substrates, their activity was substantially lower than that of the proteolytic enzymes. Lipase activity was only minimally present. Early concurrent release of both proteases and chitinases suggested that both may be important in the penetration of the larval integument by germinating conidia ofN. rileyi. Expression of proteases and chitinases, especially aminopeptidase and endochitinase was probably a specific response to cuticle, because little or no activity was expressed on the non-host, cellulose substrate.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Entomopathogenic fungi ; Germination ; Growth ; Hydrolytic enzymes ; Insect cuticle ; Nomuraea rileyi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Larval cuticle ofHelicoverpa (Heliothis)zea and yeast extract added to a minimal medium (MM) induced germination of conidia ofNomuraea rileyi whereas sterile distilled water or MM alone did not. Yeast extract increased mycelial yield, but when cuticle was added, mycelial yield significantly decreased. Proteases and chitinases ofN. rileyi were only expressed when cuticle was added to the MM.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Beauveria ; biochemistry ; enzyme profiles ; entomopathogenic fungi ; insects ; Metarhizium ; Nomuraea ; apiZYM system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An apiZYM™ system, with 19 substrates, was used to detect enzymes expressed by germinating conidia of Nomuraea rileyi (5 isolates), Nomuraea atypicola, Nomuraea anemonoides, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. Similar enzyme profiles were obtained for two of the N. rileyi isolates (Mississippi, Ecuador) regardless of whether culture medium (Sabouraud-maltose-yeast) or cuticle (from larvae of Trichoplusia ni, Heliothis zea or Heliothis virescens) were used as substrates. Centroid-clustering analysis revealed three distinct enzyme profiles.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Acanthocheilonema viteae ; Mastomys natalensis ; γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase ; lymphoid tissues ; filarial infection ; immunosuppression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary DuringAcanthocheilonema viteae infection, the specific activity of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GT) increased in peritoneal exudate cells and bone marrow and decreased in lymphnodes ofMastomys natalensis throughout the course of infection. However, though there was an increase in specific activity of γ-GT in thymus and spleen during the prepatent phase ofA. viteae infection, the level either returned to normal or decreased during the latent phase of infection. A close correlation was observed between the host's immune status duringA. viteae infection and the level of γ-GT in lymphoid tissues.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die analytische und numerische Lösung des Problems der symmetrischen radialen kugelförmigen Erstarrung einer ultrahocherhitzten Schmelze wurden in dieser Arbeit untersucht. Bei den Randbedingungen für Strahlung und Konvektion wurde der Wärmeübergangskoeffizient als zeitabhängig angenommen, welcher für die Zeitt=0 als unendlich betrachtet werden konnte. Dies ist notwendig für das Einsetzen des sofortigen Erstarrens der Schmelze über der gesamten Oberfläche. Die analytische Lösung besteht aus dem Verwenden geeigneter fiktiver Anfangstemperaturen und fiktiver Ausdehnungen des durch die Schmelze besetzten Anfangsbereiches. Die numerische Lösung besteht aus der Methode der finiten Differenzen, bei der die Gitterpunkte mit der Erstarrungsfront voranschreiten. Die numerische Methode kann ohne Probleme die Dichteänderungen in der flüssigen und festen Phase sowie das dadurch hervorgerufene Schrumpfen oder Expandieren des Volumens behandeln. Bei den für die sich ändernden Grenzen und Temperaturen erhaltenen numerischen Ergebnissen werden die Einflüsse der verschiedenen Parameter wie latente Wärme, Boltzmannkonstante, Dichteverhältnisse, Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten usw. gezeigt. Die Gültigkeit der numerischen Lösungen wurde zu jedem Zeitpunkt untersucht, indem die Erfüllung der Energiegleichung überprüft wurde.
    Notes: Abstract Analytical and numerical solutions of a general problem related to the radially symmetric inward spherical solidification of a superheated melt have been studied in this paper. In the radiation-convection type boundary conditions, the heat transfer coefficient has been taken as time dependent which could be infinite, at time,t=0. This is necessary, for the initiation of instantaneous solidification of superheated melt, over its surface. The analytical solution consists of employing suitable fictitious initial temperatures and fictitious extensions of the original region occupied by the melt. The numerical solution consists of finite difference scheme in which the grid points move with the freezing front. The numerical scheme can handle with ease the density changes in the solid and liquid states and the shrinkage or expansions of volumes due to density changes. In the numerical results, obtained for the moving boundary and temperatures, the effects of several parameters such as latent heat, Boltzmann constant, density ratios, heat transfer coefficients, etc. have been shown. The correctness of numerical results has also been checked by satisfying the integral heat balance at every timestep.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 31 (1990), S. 544-546 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Neurocutaneous ; Haemangioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Wyburn-Mason syndrome is a neurocutaneous disorder which typically presents with unilateral vascular abnormalities involving the facial structures, orbits and brain. We would like to present the clinical and radiological features in a newborn who had bilateral manifestations of this disorder and review the literature.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Chitinases ; Entomopathogenic fungi ; Insect cuticle ; Nomuraea rileyi ; Proteases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of cuticle from larvae ofTrichoplusia ni andHelicoverpa (=Heliothis)zea on expression of proteases and chitinases by germinating conidia ofNomuraea rileyi in submerged cultures were studied. Increasing the concentration ofT. ni orH. zea cuticle resulted in a 13- and 15-fold increase in protease activity, respectively. Endochitinase and N-acetylglucosaminidase activity on theT. ni andH. zea substrates increased as cuticular concentrations increased to 2.5%, then stabilized or decreased thereafter. The simultaneous expression of both proteases and chitinases suggests that they are controlled by a multiple-regulatory system.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 170 (1993), S. 3-8 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Polyamino group-containing resins act both as chelating ion exchangers and weakly basic anion exchangers depending upon the species in contact in the solution. In the present work, ion exchangers based on polyamine incorporated polysaccharides (cellulose and galactomannan or guaran) have been used for removal of radioisotopes of185W as WO 4 2− ,99Mo as MoO 4 2− and125Sb as Sb3+ from their separate aqueous solutions. These chelating anion exchangers have been synthesized by reaction of polysaccharides with epichlorohydrin followed by the respective polyamines as nucleophiles in a strongly alkaline medium. WO 4 2− and MoO 4 2− are adsorbed from their aqueous solutions through anion exchange process by chloride form of cellulose-triethylenetetraamine (cellulose-trien), cellulose-tetraethylenepentaamine (cellulose-tetren), guaran-triethylenetetraamine (guar-trien) and guar-tetraethylenepentaamine (guar-tetren) weakly basic anion exchangers. Guar-tetren chelating polymer has been found to be highly selective for125Sb isotopes presumably due to the presence of chelating cis-hydroxy and tetren groups in the galactomannan matrix.
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