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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling of RF plasma torch with a metallic tube inserted for reactant injection (1991)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 11 (1991), S. 103-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: RF plasma torch ; injection probe ; modeling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Flow, temperature, and electromagnetic (EM) fields in a radio-frequency thermal plasma torch designed for the preparation of superconducting powders or films have been analysed by using a new two-dimensional modeling approach with the electric field intensity as the fundamental EM field variable. The insertion of a stainless steel injection tube into the torch leads to large induction currents in this tube. Although such large induction currents cause pronounced changes of the EM fields near the injection tube, flow and temperature fields are little affected. There exists only one large toroidal vortex in the upper part of the present torch, while the maximum temperature appears at an off-axis location within the coil region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01447036
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental study of the drag force on a sphere exposed to an argon thermal plasma flow (1991)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 11 (1991), S. 151-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Drag force on a sphere ; thermal plasma flow ; experiments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Experimental data are presented concerning the drag force on a stationary phere exposed to an argon plasma flow with temperatures about 104 K and velocities about 102 m/s. A novel probe construction has been employed in the drag measurements in order to exclude the effect of the supporting wire on the sphere drag data. By using the new probe construction with a compensating wire, drag forces on an individual steel sphere in the plasma flow have been measured and compared with those obtained by using the probe construction ernployed by a few previous authors. Experimental results show that the measured drag forces are always less than their counterparts obtained from the standard sphere-drag curve under isothermal flow conditions with the same Reynolds numbers based on the oncoming plasma properties. The drag force on a sphere increases only slightly with the increasing surface temperature of the sphere before it melts. Appreciable diference was found between the experimental data and the predicted results of the available expressions for drag on a sphere exposed to a thermal plasma flow. Further research effort is required to build a more suitable drag correlation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01447038
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling of a counterflow plasma reactor (1991)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 11 (1991), S. 229-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Thermal plasma reactor ; counterflow ; modeling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Modeling of a counterflow plasma reactor is presented, using liquid injection for the synthesis of fine particles. An experimental reactor has been developed in this laboratory, and feasibility has been demonstrated for synthesizing advanced ceramic powders. The flow field calculations show two major recirculating regions which are of importance for increasing the particles' residence time inside of the reactor. In addition, the temperature within these recirculation zones remains relatively uniform. For simulation, water droplet trajectories have been calculated for droplets produced by an injection probe. It is shown that the droplets in a size range below 50 μm in diameter will follow the streamlines and evaporate completely within a short traveling distance. This finding suggests that this reactor configuration provides a favorable environment for the synthesis of fine particles using liquid precursors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01447244
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermophoretic force on a metallic or nonmetallic particle immersed into a rarefied Plasma (1992)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 12 (1992), S. 345-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Thermophoresis ; free-molecule regime ; analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Analytical results of the thermophoretic force on a metallic or nonmetallic spherical particle immersed into a rarefied plasma with a heat flux within the plasma are presented for the extreme case of free-molecule regime and thin plasma sheath. It has been shown that the thermophoresis is predominantly caused by atoms at low plasma temperatures with negligible gas ionization, while it is mainly due to ions and electrons at high plasma temperatures with great degree of ionization. The ion flux incident to a particle is constant on the whole sphere surface, while the electron flux to the metallic sphere is dependent on the θ-position with slightly greater value at the fore stagnation point. Consequently, there is a small difference between the metallic and nonmetallic spheres in their θ-distributions of the floating potential on the surface, which causes the thermophoretic force on a nonmetallic sphere to be appreciably greater than that on a metallic sphere at high plasma temperatures. Expressions for the total thermophoretic force on a metallic sphere and its components due to, respectively, atoms, ions, and electrons have been given in a closed form. Calculated results are also presented on the effects of pressure and of electron/heavy-particle temperature ratio. These results can be understood based on the variation of atom, ion, and electron thermal conductivities with the gas pressure, the temperature, and the temperature ratio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01447030
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermophoretic force acting on an evaporating particle suspended in a rarefied plasma (1994)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 14 (1994), S. 163-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Thermophoresis ; evaporating particle ; free-molecule regime ; analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Analytical results of the thermophoretic force on an evaporating spherical particle immersed in a rarefied plasma with a large temperature gradient are presented for the extreme case of free-molecule regime and thin plasma sheath. It has been shown that the existence of a temperature gradient in the plasma causes a nonuniform distribution of the local heat flux density on the sphere surface with its maximum value at the fore-stagnation point of the sphere, although the total heal flux to the whole particle is independent of the temperature gradient existing in the plasma. This nonuniform-distribution of the local heat flux density causes a nonuniform distribution of the. local evaporated-mass flux and related reaction force around the surface of an evaporating particle, and thus causes an additional force on the particle. Calculated results show that the thermophoretic force on an evaporating particle may substantially exceed that on a nonevaporating one, especially for the case of a metallic particle (with infinite electric conductivity). The effect of evaporation on the thermophoretic force is more pronounced as the evaporation latent heat of the particle material is comparatively low and as high plasma temperatures are involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01465745
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavior of the fungicide MBAMT in water (1991)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 339 (1991), S. 434-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A reversed-phase HPLC method is described for the determination of the fungicide MBAMT and its degradation product AMT in water. The recoveries of the method for MBAMT and AMT lie between 90±2.2% and 94.2±2.5%; the theoretical detection limit for MBAMT and AMT in 100 ml samples are 2 ppb and 0.8 ppb, respectively. The method is used to evaluate the safety of MBAMT and AMT to aquatic fauna.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00322366
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