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  • American Society for Microbiology  (22)
  • 1990-1994  (22)
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  • American Society for Microbiology  (22)
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  • 1990-1994  (22)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cloning of an Erwinia herbicola gene necessary for gluconic acid production and enhanced mineral phosphate solubilization in Escherichia coli HB101: nucleotide sequence and probable involvement in biosynthesis of the coenzyme pyrroloquinoline quinone
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1992
    In:  Journal of Bacteriology Vol. 174, No. 18 ( 1992-09), p. 5814-5819
    Details
    In: Journal of Bacteriology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 174, No. 18 ( 1992-09), p. 5814-5819
    Abstract: Escherichia coli is capable of synthesizing the apo-glucose dehydrogenase enzyme (GDH) but not the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), which is essential for formation of the holoenzyme. Therefore, in the absence of exogenous PQQ, E. coli does not produce gluconic acid. Evidence is presented to show that the expression of an Erwinia herbicola gene in E. coli HB101(pMCG898) resulted in the production of gluconic acid, which, in turn, implied PQQ biosynthesis. Transposon mutagenesis showed that the essential gene or locus was within a 1.8-kb region of a 4.5-kb insert of the plasmid pMCG898. This 1.8-kb region contained only one apparent open reading frame. In this paper, we present the nucleotide sequence of this open reading frame, a 1,134-bp DNA fragment coding for a protein with an M(r) of 42,160. The deduced sequence of this protein had a high degree of homology with that of gene III (M(r), 43,600) of a PQQ synthase gene complex from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus previously identified by Goosen et al. (J. Bacteriol. 171:447-455, 1989). In minicell analysis, pMCG898 encoded a protein with an M(r) of 41,000. These data indicate that E. coli HB101(pMCG898) produced the GDH-PQQ holoenzyme, which, in turn, catalyzed the oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid in the periplasmic space. As a result of the gluconic acid production, E. coli HB101(pMCG898) showed an enhanced mineral phosphate-solubilizing phenotype due to acid dissolution of the hydroxyapatite substrate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9193 , 1098-5530
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/jb.174.18.5814-5819.1992
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1992
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481988-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA sequences in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by enzymatic DNA amplification
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1990
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 28, No. 11 ( 1990-11), p. 2398-2402
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 28, No. 11 ( 1990-11), p. 2398-2402
    Abstract: The presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA sequences was examined by the polymerase chain reaction in 50 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) biopsy specimens and in two primary epithelial tumor cell cultures derived from patients with NPC. The detection limit was a single EBV genome equivalent by agarose gel electrophoresis followed by Southern blot analysis of the amplified products. EBV DNA sequences were detected in all 41 undifferentiated NPC cell specimens, in 2 of 4 moderately differentiated NPC cell specimens, and in 3 of 5 keratinized NPC cell specimens. Undifferentiated NPC cells were also found to contain higher copy numbers of EBV than cells of the other two types of NPC. Our data suggest that EBV replication may be closely associated with the differentiation of NPC tumor cells. The results also demonstrated a sensitive and specific method for the detection of EBV DNA sequences in NPC tumor cells.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/jcm.28.11.2398-2402.1990
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1990
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Detection of Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus in head and neck tumors
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1993
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 31, No. 1 ( 1993-01), p. 53-56
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 31, No. 1 ( 1993-01), p. 53-56
    Abstract: The presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in 74 head and neck tumor tissues was examined by the polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing analysis. EBV DNA sequence was detected in all 30 nasopharyngeal-carcinoma tissue samples and in 30 of 44 other head and neck tumor samples. HPV DNA sequence was detected in 14 of 30 nasopharyngeal-carcinoma tissue samples and in 11 of 44 other tumor samples. Coinfection of both viruses was observed in 14 nasopharyngeal-carcinoma tissue samples but only in 5 other head and neck tumor samples including 3 hypopharyngeal-carcinoma tissue samples. Our data indicate that EBV is closely associated with nasopharyngeal- carcinoma and may also be related to hypopharyngeal-carcinoma. In addition, a relatively high percentage of EBV-positive nasopharyngeal- and hypopharyngeal-carcinoma tissue specimens contained HPV sequence. The significance of the coexistence of EBV and HPV in these tumor tissues requires further study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/jcm.31.1.53-56.1993
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1993
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prevalence of Taiwan variant of Epstein-Barr virus in throat washings from patients with head and neck tumors in Taiwan
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1994
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 32, No. 1 ( 1994-01), p. 28-31
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 32, No. 1 ( 1994-01), p. 28-31
    Abstract: The prevalence of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Taiwan variant was investigated in the throat washing (TW) samples from patients with head and neck tumors, persons with nonmalignant diseases, and healthy adults in Taiwan. By using the EBV (BNLF-1 gene)-specific primers and PCR, the EBV latent membrane protein gene BNLF-1 was detected in 91 (61%) of the 150 TW samples from patients with tumors, including 25 (78%) of 32 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 66 (56%) of 118 other patients with head and neck tumors. The TW samples from the 26 patients with nonmalignant tumors and 53 healthy adults were also examined. Approximately 47% of these samples were positive for the EBV gene. The PCR products of the BNLF-1 gene were then subjected to XhoI digestion. Sixty-eight of 91 PCR products (75%) showed the loss of the XhoI site, which indicated the presence of a Taiwan strain of EBV in patients with tumors. The DNA sequence of the BNLF-1 gene of the Taiwan variant revealed that the loss of the XhoI site was due to a nucleotide change from a G to a T at position 169,426 in comparison with the sequence of prototype EBV B95-8 cells. Furthermore, the Taiwan strain appeared significantly more frequently in the TWs and tissue samples from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (88%; P 〈 0.001) and laryngeal carcinoma (80%; P 〈 0.02) than in those samples from healthy adults (about 40%). These data indicate that a Taiwan variant of EBV may be closely associated with head and neck tumors and suggest that this variant may be important in the pathogenesis of head and neck tumors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/jcm.32.1.28-31.1994
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Regulation of the production of extracellular pectinase, cellulase, and protease in the soft rot bacterium Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora: evidence that aepH of E. carotovora subsp. carotovora 71 activates gene expression in E. carotovora subsp. carotovora, E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica, and Escherichia coli
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1994
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 60, No. 9 ( 1994-09), p. 3150-3159
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 60, No. 9 ( 1994-09), p. 3150-3159
    Abstract: The production of pectolytic enzymes (pectate lyase [Pel] and polygalacturonase [Peh] ), cellulase (Cel), and protease (Prt) is activated in the soft rot bacterium Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora by aepA (activator of extracellular protein production) and celery extract (Y. Liu, H. Murata, A. Chatterjee, and A. K. Chatterjee, Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 6:299-308, 1993). We recently isolated a new class of mutants of strain E. carotovora subsp. carotovora 71 which overproduces Pel, Peh, Cel, and Prt. From the overproducing strain AC5034, we identified an activator locus, designated aepH*, which stimulated Pel, Peh, Cel, and Prt production in E. carotovora subsp. carotovora 71 or its derivatives. The nucleotide sequence of the aepH* DNA segment revealed an open reading frame of 141 bp that could encode a small (5.45-kDa) highly basic (pI 11.7) protein of 47 amino acid residues. Analyses of deletions and MudI insertions indicated that the activator function required the 508-bp DNA segment which contains this open reading frame. The wild-type locus, aepH+, is localized within a DNA segment upstream of aepA. An AepH- strain constructed by exchanging aepH+ with aepH*::MudI was deficient in Pel, Peh, Cel, and Prt production; exoenzyme production was restored upon the introduction of a plasmid carrying aepH+ or aepH*. Plasmids carrying either aepH+ or aepH* activated the production of Pel-1, Peh-1, and Cel in Escherichia coli HB101 carrying the cognate genes. The aepH effect in E. coli was due to the activation of transcription, as indicated by assays of pel-1 and peh-1 mRNAs. The aepH+ and aepH* plasmids also stimulated Pel, Peh, Cel, and Prt production in other wild-type E. carotovora subsp. carotovora strains as well as in E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica. Although the stimulatory effect was generally more pronounced with aepH* than with aepH+, the extent of activation in the wild-type strains depended upon the bacterial strain and the growth medium. Southern blot hybridization revealed the presence of aepH homologs in E. carotovora subsp. carotovora and E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica, and provided physical evidence for linkage between aepA and aepH homologs in genomes of these bacteria. We conclude that aepH-mediated activation of exoprotein gene expression is a feature common to most strains of E. carotovora.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/aem.60.9.3150-3159.1994
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Characterization of substance P binding to human monocytes/macrophages
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1994
    In:  Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 1994-05), p. 330-335
    Details
    In: Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 1994-05), p. 330-335
    Abstract: Substance P (SP), a member of the tachykinin family of neuropeptides, can immunomodulate human T cells and monocytes. SP has been shown to stimulate human monocytes to produce inflammatory cytokines and superoxide ions, and it enhances tumoricidal activity in vitro. A specific SP receptor, however, has not been identified on human monocytes/macrophages. In this study, we report that 125I-SP binds to human monocytes/macrophages with high affinity and specificity (Kd = 2.7 x 10(-8) to 5.5 x 10(-8) M). Our measurements of binding affinity to this single class of receptors were possible only when experiments were performed in the presence of excess serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) enzyme complex receptor ligand. We determined that 125I-SP bound to a specific receptor on human monocytes/macrophages and that this binding was detectable as early as 6 h and was maintained throughout 6 to 8 weeks in culture. Modulation of the diverse immunological and inflammatory effects of SP on human monocytes may be mediated through this specific SP receptor.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1071-412X , 1098-6588
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/cdli.1.3.330-335.1994
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496863-0
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exploration of antigenic variation in gp120 from clades A through F of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by using monoclonal antibodies
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1994
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 68, No. 12 ( 1994-12), p. 8350-8364
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 68, No. 12 ( 1994-12), p. 8350-8364
    Abstract: The reactivities of a panel of 14 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with monomeric gp120 derived from 67 isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 of clades A through F were assessed by using an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The MAbs used were all raised against gp120 or gp120 peptides from clade B viruses and were directed at a range of epitopes relevant to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 neutralization: the V2 and V3 loops, discontinuous epitopes overlapping the CD4-binding site, and two other discontinuous epitopes. Four of the five V3 MAbs showed modest cross-reactivity within clade B but very limited reactivity with gp120s from other clades. These reactivity patterns are consistent with the known primary sequence requirements for the binding of these MAbs. One V3 human MAb (19b), however, was much more broadly reactive than the others, binding to 19 of 29 clade B and 10 of 12 clade E gp120s. The 19b epitope is confined to the flanks of the V3 loop, and these sequences are relatively conserved in clade B and E viruses. In contrast to the limited reactivity of V3 MAbs, CD4-binding site MAbs were much more broadly reactive across clades, two of these MAbs (205-46-9 and 21h) being virtually pan-reactive across clades A through F. Another human MAb (A-32) to a discontinuous epitope was also pan-reactive. The CD4-binding site is strongly conserved between clades; but when considering the epitopes near the CD4-binding site, clade D gp120 appears to be the most closely related to clade B and clade E appears to be the least related. A tentative rank order for these epitopes is B/D-A/C-E/F. V2 MAbs reacted sporadically within and between clades, and no clear pattern was observable. While results from binding assays do not predict neutralization serotypes, they suggest that there may be antigenic subtypes related, but not identical, to the genetic subtypes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/jvi.68.12.8350-8364.1994
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identification and molecular characterization of csrA, a pleiotropic gene from Escherichia coli that affects glycogen biosynthesis, gluconeogenesis, cell size, and surface properties
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1993
    In:  Journal of Bacteriology Vol. 175, No. 15 ( 1993-08), p. 4744-4755
    Details
    In: Journal of Bacteriology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 175, No. 15 ( 1993-08), p. 4744-4755
    Abstract: Current evidence suggests that a few global regulatory factors mediate many of the extensive changes in gene expression that occur as Escherichia coli enters the stationary phase. One of the metabolic pathways that is transcriptionally activated in the stationary phase is the pathway for biosynthesis of glycogen. To identify factors that regulate glycogen biosynthesis in trans, a collection of transposon mutants was generated and screened for mutations which independently increase or decrease glycogen levels and the expression of a plasmid-encoded glgC'-lacZ fusion. The glycogen excess mutation TR1-5 was found to be pleiotropic. It led to increased expression of the genes glgC (ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase) and glgB (glycogen branching enzyme), which are representative of two glycogen synthesis operons, and the gluconeogenic gene pckA (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase), and it exhibited effects on cell size and surface (adherence) properties. The mutated gene was designated csrA for carbon storage regulator. Its effect on glycogen biosynthesis was mediated independently of cyclic AMP (cAMP), the cAMP receptor protein, and guanosine 3'-bisphosphate 5'-bisphosphate (ppGpp), which are positive regulators of glgC expression. A plasmid clone of the native csrA gene strongly inhibited glycogen accumulation and affected the ability of cells to utilize certain carbon sources for growth. Nucleotide sequence analysis, complementation experiments, and in vitro expression studies indicated that csrA encodes a 61-amino-acid polypeptide that inhibits glycogen biosynthesis. Computer-assisted data base searches failed to identify genes or proteins that are homologous with csrA or its gene product.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9193 , 1098-5530
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/jb.175.15.4744-4755.1993
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1993
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481988-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    15NH4+ excretion test: a new method for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1992
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 1992-01), p. 181-184
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 30, No. 1 ( 1992-01), p. 181-184
    Abstract: A noninvasive test for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection that uses [15N]urea as a tracer has been established. The principle the test is based on is the strong urease activity of H. pylori. After oral ingestion, [15N] urea is broken down into ammonia and carbon dioxide by H. pylori urease in the stomach. The ammonia is absorbed into the blood and excreted in the urine. The amount of [15N]urea, reflecting the magnitude of H. pylori infection, is evaluated by measuring the abundance and excretion rate of 15N in ammonia in the urine. Thirty-six patients were examined in our study. The 15N excretion rates in urine ammonia of patients who were H. pylori positive were significantly higher than those of H. pylori-negative patients (P less than 0.05). Twenty-three patients were H. pylori positive by Gram stain and culture. The sensitivity of the 15NH4 excretion test compared with these techniques was 96%, and no false positives were obtained. The 15NH4+ excretion rates of 13 H. pylori-negative subjects were all in the normal range (less than 0.3%). This method is a simple, precise, highly sensitive, noninvasive, nonradioactive test. It could be used for diagnosis as well as for the followup of patients receiving H. pylori eradication therapy, especially children and pregnant women. It could also be used in epidemiological investigation of H. pylori infection in a general population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/jcm.30.1.181-184.1992
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1992
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparative studies of genes encoding thermostable L-2-halo acid dehalogenase from Pseudomonas sp. strain YL, other dehalogenases, and two related hypothetical proteins from Escherichia coli
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1994
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 60, No. 9 ( 1994-09), p. 3375-3380
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 60, No. 9 ( 1994-09), p. 3375-3380
    Abstract: We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding thermostable L-2-halo acid dehalogenase (L-DEX) from the 2-chloroacrylate-utilizable bacterium Pseudomonas sp. strain YL. The open reading frame consists of 696 nucleotides corresponding to 232 amino acid residues. The protein molecular weight was estimated to be 26,179, which was in good agreement with the subunit molecular weight of the enzyme. The gene was efficiently expressed in the recombinant Escherichia coli cells: the amount of L-DEX corresponds to about 49% of the total soluble proteins. The predicted amino acid sequence showed a high level of similarity to those of L-DEXs from other bacterial strains and haloacetate dehalogenase H-2 from Moraxella sp. strain B (38 to 57% identity) but a very low level of similarity to those of haloacetate dehalogenase H-1 from Moraxella sp. strain B (10%) and haloalkane dehalogenase from Xanthobacter autotrophicus GJ10 (12%). By searching the protein amino acid sequence database, we found two E. coli hypothetical proteins similar to the Pseudomonas sp. strain YL L-DEX (21 to 22%).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/aem.60.9.3375-3380.1994
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
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