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  • Springer  (3)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (2)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
  • 1990-1994  (5)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 19 (1994), S. 1557-1564 
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Free radicals ; kainic acid ; cortical neuron ; a-phenyl-N-tert-butyl-nitrone ; excitotoxicity ; xanthine oxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In our previous experiments, evidence of free radical formation has been demonstrated in gerbil brain after kainic acid (KA) administration. In the present study, the mechanisms involved in KA-induced free radical formation and subsequent cell degeneration were investigated using high density cortical neuron cultures. A free radical trapping agent,a-phenyl-N-tert-butyl-nitrone (PBN), as well as the combined action of superoxide dismutase and catalase attenuated KA neurotoxic effect. Calpain-induced xanthine oxidase (XO) activation may play an important role in KA excitotoxicity since calpain inhibitor I as well as allopurinol, a selective XO inhibitor, significantly protected the cortical neurons from KA-induced cell death. However, XO activation may not be the only source producing free radicals, other free radical generating systems such as nitric oxide synphase may also play a role in KA insult.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The response of fluoride and cyanide selective electrodes has been investigated under steady-state and flow injection measuring conditions. Response time measurements indicate that at lower concentration levels of these ions the surface condition for both sensors is very critical; the choice of flow cell geometry, however, is of minor importance. An acetate buffer without CDTA is proposed for fluoride determinations because of better long term stability of response time of the fluoride ISE. Problems associated with the corrosion of the AgI-membrane when applied in a flow cell with wall-jet configuration are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 342 (1992), S. 276-280 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Considerable enhancement of selectivity in the potentiometric and conductometric determination of ammonium is provided by gas-diffusion separation in flow injection analysis. Ammonium and potassium selective liquid membrane electrodes can be used for determinations in the concentration range 10−7–10−2 mol/l with high precision and fast sample throughput. No interferences are encountered in the presence of ionic species and molecules that likely adsorb when the sensors are in direct contact with the sample. The selectivity over volatile amines is enhanced due to kinetic discrimination. Conductometric detection is shown to be as sensitive as the potentiometric detection. A major advantage, however, is the linear rather than logarithmic relationship between concentration and conductivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 23 (1994), S. 203-207 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Submicrometer phase quantitative analysis is always a challenging problem for electron beam microanalysis because the phase is smaller than the electron beam and the specimen interaction volume. In order to obtain more accurate composition information, other analytical techniques need to be used to clarify the elements present and characterize the valence state of major elements in that submicrometer phase In this study, the electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) was used to determine the contamination phase in the tungsten carbide-cobalt ceramic system. The average size of the contamination phase was approximately 0.5 μm in diameter. The chemical composition of the contamination phase was elucidated by combining results from x-ray mapping, valence state determination and EPMA quantitative analysis data. The effect of the contamination phase in the tungsten carbide-cobalt ceramic system is also discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 23 (1994), S. 272-277 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Owing to improvements in impregnation techniques, the impregnation of copper compounds into a zeolite framework to form copper zeolite catalysts results in more uniformly distributed and finer (nanoscale size) copper-containing particles. In order to determine the oxidation state of copper in a copper zeolite catalyst, a method utilizing the X-ray absorption-induced (absorption edge/self-absorption) effect was developed using electron probe microanalysis. This method can provide oxidation state information that is not possible with traditional quantitative microanalysis owing to the electron beam and specimen interaction volume. The advantages and limitations of this method are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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