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  • Springer  (11)
  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • 1965-1969  (4)
  • 1955-1959  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen über pflanzliche Phosphatasen (1968)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 135 (1968), S. 327-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. In Äpfeln wurde eine saure Phosphatase des Phosphomonoesterasetypes mit dem Wirkungsoptimum bei pH 5,65–5,85 mittels einer Enzymreaktion gefunden. 2. Eine Arbeitsvorschrift zur Bestimmung der sauren Phosphatase in Äpfeln wird angegeben. 3. Die Phosphatase-Aktivität ist nicht sortenabhängig. 4. Die Phosphatase-Aktivität in Äpfehn nimmt von der Schale nach dem Innern zunächst ab. Das Maximum der Enzymaktivität befindet sich bei alien Apfelsorten im Kernhaus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01359065
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Struktur-Differenzierungen im Y-Chromosom von Drosophila hydei und ihre Beziehungen zu Gen-Aktivitäten (1965)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 16 (1965), S. 249-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. In the loops of primary spermatocyte nuclei actinomycin causes characteristic and reproducible disintegrations of the structural elements composing the loops. The alterations become visible for the first time about 6 hours after injection of actinomycin and reach a maximum after about 24–30 hours. 2. The structure of the nucleolus is also changed by actinomycin. It looses its cortical “ribosomal” layer and detaches from the nuclear membrane to which it is normally attached. 3. All structural damage of the loops and the nucleolus caused by actinomycin is reversible. The regeneration of the loops starts approximately 40 hours after injection and is completed after about 100–120 hours. 4. In males with two Y chromosomes which form loops of different morphology because of genetical differences the actinomycin effects similar alterations as in normal males. During the regeneration each Y chromosome autonomously determines its specific type of loops. 5. The results are in good agreement with our hypothesis that the loops are modifications of the chromosome structure at sites of active genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00325994
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation of phospholipase A2 by auxin in microsomes from suspension-cultured soybean cells is receptor-mediated and influenced by nucleotides (1993)
    Springer
    Planta 191 (1993), S. 515-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin-binding protein ; Glycine max L ; Guanosine nucleotides ; Phospholipase A2 ; Signal transduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The molecular mechanism of membrane-associated reactions induced by auxin was investigated in membranes isolated from cultured cells of soybean (Glycine max L.). Auxins increased the activity of phospholipase A2 in microsomes isolated from suspensioncultured soybean cells. The reaction was measured as the accumulation of radioactive lysophosphatidylcholine hydrolyzed from radioactive phosphatidylcholine in membranes which had been prelabelled with [14-C]choline in vivo. Stimulation by auxin was detectable after 1 min and was auxin-specific in that weak auxins had little effect. Auxin concentrations as low as 2·10−8 M and up to 2·10+3 M α-naphthaleneacetic acid already stimulated the phospholipase A2 activity. Guanosine and adenosine diphosphate at 100 μM, if applied during homogenization of cells, completely abolished the stimulation of phospholipase A2 by auxin and, when applied after homogenization, had no effect. Guanosine and adenosine 5′-O-thiotriphosphate, uridine 5′-diphosphate, and uridine 5′-triphosphate, all at 100 μM, had no effect in either treatment, suggesting that only nucleotides entrapped in the vesicles could exert an effect. The effect of auxin on phospholipase A2 had an optimum at pH 5.5 and was abolished completely by an antibody against the membrane-associated auxin-binding protein from maize coleoptiles, applied after homogenization. This antibody recognized a 22-kDa polypeptide in highly purified plasma membranes from cultured soybean cells. This suggests a receptor function for this auxin-binding protein and a role for a cytosolic nucleotide-binding protein in the activation of phospholipase A2 by auxin. It is concluded that phospholipase A2 has a function in plant signal transduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195753
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some facts concerning the nature and formation of axial core structures in spermatids of Gryllus domesticus (1966)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 18 (1966), S. 272-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Examination of living spermatid nuclei of Gryllus domesticus has revealed the presence of the same structures, the X chromosome, the round body and the axial core structures, which have been described from electron microscopic observations. The outer ribbons of the axial core structures and the round body are composed of 100 Å fibres indiscernible from and often continuous with the fibres composing the X chromosome. That the outer ribbons of the axial core structures and the round body are chromosomal is further substantiated by the results of cytochemical examinations of formaldehyde fixed material which show that the axial core structures and the round body contain RNA, DNA and basic protein. Neither acetic acid-ethanol nor cold ethanol fixation preserve the round body and the axial core structures suggesting that a protein may be responsible for maintenance of the central core structure. The central core structures are always found in close association with condensed chromatin in regions where the chromosome elements are about 1000 Å apart, suggesting that the relative state of condensation of the chromatin and the spacial relationship between condensed regions may be two of the chief factors concerned in central core formation. Maintainance of the condensed state of the chromatin, however, may in turn depend upon central core integrity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326872
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Head and stalk structures of soybean vacuolar membranes (1991)
    Springer
    Planta 184 (1991), S. 343-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Glycine ; Vacuolar H−+-ATP-ase ; Tonoplast (negative staining)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Highly purified tonoplast fractions isolated by preparative free-flow electrophoresis from hypocotyls of etiolated soybean (Glycine max L. (Merr.)) were examined by negative-staining electron microscopy, and many but not all vesicles were found to exhibit head and stalk structures resembling the 9-nm stalked F1 ATPase particles reported previously for Neurospora (Bowman et al., 1989, J. Biol. Chem. 264, 15606–15612). The structures show distinguishing characteristics similar to those for Neurospora. These include a cleft in the particle not exhibited by mitochondrial F1 ATPase and a tendency to disappear from the membrane when treated with nitrate plus Mg−2+-ATP-containing solutions. The position of the stalked ATPase structures, indicates that some of the tonoplast vesicles were oriented cytoplasmic side out whereas others were oriented cytoplasmic side in.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195335
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation by auxin of phospholipase A in membrane vesicles from an auxin-sensitive tissue is mediated by an auxin receptor (1991)
    Springer
    Planta 185 (1991), S. 209-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin receptor ; Cucurbita (auxin action) ; Growth ; Phospholipase A in auxin action ; Signal transduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Microsomal vesicles were prepared from zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) hypocotyls containing radioactive phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine, and these lipids were used as substrates by phospholipase A which is activated by auxins. Phospholipase D and phospholipase C hydrolysed the same substrates but were not influenced by auxin. Phospholipase A was activated by the auxins indolyl-3-acetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and, to a lesser extent, by α-naphthaleneacetic acid whereas the weak auxins 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and β-naphthaleneacetic acid were almost inactive. This hormone specificity was also found in growth tests with etiolated zucchini hypocotyls. Phospholipase A activation by auxin was blocked by a polyclonal antibody against the maize auxin-binding protein. We propose that phospholipase A activation is a primary reaction in the signal transduction leading from hormone-binding to the growth response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194062
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proton-transport activity, sidedness, and morphometry of tonoplast and plasma-membrane vesicles purified by free-flow electrophoresis from roots of Lepidium sativum L. and hypocotyls of Cucurbita pepo L. (1992)
    Springer
    Planta 186 (1992), S. 483-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cucurbita ; Filipin ; H+-ATPase ; Lepidium ; Plasma membrane ; Tonoplast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Large-scale preparations of highly purified tonoplast and plasma-membrane vesicles were obtained from roots (garden cress, Lepidium sativum L.) and shoots (etiolated zucchini hypocotyl, Cucurbita pepo L.) of representative dicotyledonous seedlings. When tonoplast-enriched fractions of cress roots were prepared by centrifugation and then subjected to free-flow electrophoresis a highly purified tonoplast fraction was obtained. This fraction from cress roots was characterized by morphometry of filipin-treated freeze-fractured preparations and by enzymology to be about 90% homogeneous. Using latency of nitrate-inhibited ATPase and H+-pumping as criteria we found that the majority of the tonoplast vesicles from both sources were oriented right(cytoplasmic)-side-out. Plasma-membrane vesicles were first purified by two-phase partitioning and then subjected to free-flow electrophoresis for further purification. From cress roots, the fraction of highest purity contained 89% plasma-membrane vesicles as judged by morphometry of filipin-treated, freeze-fractured preparations and by enzymology. From both sources, the major plasma-membrane subfraction in the upper phase after two-phase partitioning was shown to have the least electrophoretic mobility in free-flow electrophoresis and to be oriented right(extracytoplasmic)-side-out a slightly more mobile plasma-membrane subfraction was oriented inside-out and originated after freezing thawing from outside-out plasma-membrane vesicles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198027
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elektronenmikroskopische Studien zur intracellulären Symbiose verschiedener Insekten (1957)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 47 (1957), S. 29-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Die intrazellulären Symbionten von Blatta orientalis L. wurden elektronenmikroskopisch in Dünnschnitten untersucht. 2. Die von Bakterien bewohnten Zellen zeigen keine cytologisch feststellbaren Reaktionen gegen die Bakterien. Offensichtlich liegt ein völliges Gleichgewicht zwischen Wirtszelle und Symbionten vor. 3. Als neue Zellbestandteile wurden sehr zahlreich in Fettzellen, aber auch vereinzelt in Bakteriocyten vorkommende, stabförmige, teilweise weit hantelförmig gestreckte Körper mit osmiophiler Randzone und weitgehend strukturlosem Inneren näher beschrieben. Wir fassen sie als Reservestoffe auf. 4. Die Existenz von Mitochondrien auch innerhalb der Bakteriocyten konnte einwandfrei bestätigt werden. 5. In ihrem Bau sind die intrazellulär lebenden Bakterien gegenüber anderen bisher untersuchten Formen verschieden. 6. Es fehlen die seither in Schnitten von Bakterien als Kernäquivalente beschriebenen Strukturen, dafür finden sich aber in Teilungsstadien rundliche, osmiophile Körper, die eventuell damit in Zusammenhang stehen. 7. Feinste tubuliähnliche Innenmembranen (Mikrotubuli) in den symbiontischen Bakterien deuten auf einen sehr regen Stoffwechsel und eine gewisse, vermutlich dadurch bedingte, morphologische Ähnlichkeit mit Mitochondrien z. B. von Paramecium caudatum hin (Wohlfarth-Bottermann 1957, Abb. 4 unten). Bei manchen Bakterien wird die Zellwand von diesen feinen Membranen perforiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00340002
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der feinere Bau der Aorta im Thorax der Honigbiene (1958)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 48 (1958), S. 635-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Die Aorta von Apis besteht im Querschnitt aus einer einzelligen Schicht, deren Zellen nach außen eine osmiophile vermutlich bindegewebige, im wesentlichen längsorientierte Schicht, die Adventitia (1.) bilden. Die Aortazellen werden gegen das Lumen zu von der aus feinem, ringförmig verlaufendem Bindegewebe aufgebauten Intima (2.) begrenzt, die ihrerseits eine stärker osmiophile Grenzschicht besitzt. 2. Die Verbindung von der Adventitia zur Intima stellen gefältelte Membranen her (3.), die besonders stabil mit den beiden Schichten verbunden sind. 3. Als weiteres bindegewebiges Element sind feinste im Cytoplasma in verschiedenen Richtungen verlaufende Fasern (4.) vorhanden, die denen der Intima ähnlich sind. 4. Diesen vier bindegewebigen Elementen kommt eine der Funktion der Aorta entsprechende Stabilisierungsaufgabe zu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398651
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen an den Malpighi-Gefässen verschiedener Insekten (1957)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 47 (1957), S. 18-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung a.) Die Zellen der Malpighi-Gefäße von Carausius, Apis, Bambus und Blatta wurden elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Bei Carausius bestehen die Sekrete aus sehr zahlreichen intrazellulär gebildeten Granula, die im Lumen zu festen, elliptisch geformten Körpern werden. Außerdem dringen die Mitochondrien, wie auch von Beams, Tahmisian und Devine bei Melanoplus beschrieben worden ist, in die protoplasmatischen Fortsätze des Bürstensaumes ein. Eine vollständige Ausstoßung derselben konnte auch von mir nicht beobachtet werden. Bei Apis wurden kleine intrazelluläre Einschlüsse im Cytoplasma beobachtet. Die Mitochondrien dringen nicht in den Bürstensaum ein, der sehr voluminös ist. Bei Bombus kommen zahlreiche Einschlüsse in den Zellen vor, die einen charakteristischen Bau aufweisen und zusammen mit Mitochondrien unter Zerreißen des Bürstensaumes in das Lumen ausgestoßen werden können. Es ist möglich, daß an den Einschlüssen abgekapselte Mitochondrien beteiligt sind. Bei Blatta liegen ähnliche Verhältnisse wie bei Bambus vor, nur entsprechen die intrazellulären Einschlüsse morphologisch den extrazellulär gebildeten von Carausius. b.) Es lassen sich verschiedene funktionelle Zustandsformen erkennen; der feinere Bau dagegen ist bei allen bis jetzt untersuchten Arten weitgehend ähnlich. c.) Keine der untersuchten Zellen besaß einen Golgi-Apparat des bei Wirbeltieren und auch bei Insekten beschriebenen Typs. Er scheint also kein obligatorisches Zellorganell zu sein. Die während eines Gastaufenthaltes am Karolinskainstitut in Stockholm begonnenen Untersuchungen wurden andernorts fortgeführt und am Laboratorium für Elektronenmikroskopie Stuttgart-Hohenheim abgeschlossen. Herrn Prof. Dr. Sjöstrand sei für die Arbeitsmöglichkeit an seinem Institut, der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft für die Bereitstellung des Bosch-Elektronenmikroskops und des Borries-Ultramikrotoms an dieser Stelle herzlich gedankt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00340001
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