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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Newark :John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,
    Keywords: Particle accelerators. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (306 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783527617289
    Series Statement: Wiley Series in Beam Physics and Accelerator Technology Series
    DDC: 539.7
    Language: English
    Note: An Introduction to the Physics of High Energy Accelerators -- Contents -- Series Preface -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Prerequisites -- 1.2 Uses of Accelerators -- 1.2.1 Luminosity of a High Energy Collider -- 1.2.2 Synchrotron Radiation Sources -- Problems -- 2 Acceleration and Phase Stability -- 2.1 Acceleration Methods -- 2.1.1 DC Accelerators -- 2.1.2 Time Varying Electromagnetic Fields -- 2.1.3 Resonant Cavities -- 2.1.4 Accelerating Structures -- 2.2 Phase Stability -- 2.2.1 Synchrotron Oscillations -- 2.2.2 Adiabatic Damping and Longitudinal Emmittance -- 2.2.3 Transition Crossing -- 2.3 The Need for Transverse Focusing -- Problems -- 3 Transverse Linear Motion -- 3.1 Stability of Transverse Oscillations -- 3.1.1 Weak Focusing -- 3.1.2 Strong Focusing -- 3.1.3 Stability Criterion -- 3.2 Equation of Motion -- 3.2.1 Piecewise Method of Solution -- 3.2.2 Closed Form Solution -- 3.2.3 Courant-Snyder Parameters -- 3.2.4 Emittance and Admittance -- 3.2.5 Adiabatic Damping of Betatron Oscillations -- 3.3 Momentum Dispersion -- 3.3.1 Equation of Motion for an Off-Momentum Particle -- 3.3.2 Solution of Equation of Motion -- 3.4 Linear Deviations from the Ideal Lattice -- 3.4.1 Steering Errors and Corrections -- 3.4.2 Focusing Errors and Corrections -- 3.4.3 Chromaticity -- Problems -- 4 Resonances and Transverse Nonlinear Motion -- 4.1 Transverse Resonances -- 4.1.1 Floquet Transformation -- 4.1.2 Multipole Expansion -- 4.1.3 The Driven Oscillator and Rational Numbers -- 4.2 A Third-Integer Resonance -- 4.2.1 Equation of Motion -- 4.2.2 Recognition of the Sextupole Resonance -- 4.2.3 First Integral and the Separatrix -- 4.2.4 Application to Resonant Extraction -- 4.2.5 Comments on Correction Systems -- 4.3 The Hamiltonian Formalism -- 4.3.1 Review of Hamiltonian Dynamics -- 4.3.2 The Hamiltonian for Small Transverse Oscillations. , 4.3.3 Transformations of the Hamiltonian -- 4.3.4 The Third-Integer Resonance Revisited -- Problems -- 5 Transverse Coupled Motion -- 5.1 Linear Coupling -- 5.1.1 Coupled Harmonic Oscillators -- 5.1.2 Perturbation Treatment of a Single Skew Quadrupole -- 5.1.3 Matrix Treatment of a Single Skew Quadrupole -- 5.1.4 Matrix Formalism of Linear Coupling -- 5.2 Nonlinear Coupling -- 5.2.1 Two-Degree-of-Freedom Sum Resonance Due to Distribution of Sextupoles -- 5.2.2 Multipoles and Resonance Lines -- Problems -- 6 Intensity Dependent Effects -- 6.1 Space Charge -- 6.1.1 The Transverse Space Charge Force -- 6.1.2 Equation of Motion in the Presence of Space Charge -- 6.1.3 Incoherent Tune Shift -- 6.1.4 The Beam-Beam Tune Shift -- 6.1.5 Image Charge and Image Current Effects -- 6.2 The Negative Mass Instability -- 6.2.1 The Longitudinal Space Charge Field -- 6.2.2 Perturbation of the Line Density -- 6.3 Wake Fields and Impedance -- 6.3.1 Field of a Relativistic Charge in Vacuum -- 6.3.2 Wake Field for a Resistive Wall -- 6.3.3 Wake Functions -- 6.3.4 Impedance -- 6.4 Macroparticle Models of Coherent Instabilities -- 6.4.1 Beam Breakup in Linacs -- 6.4.2 The Strong Head-Tail Instability -- 6.4.3 The Head-Tail Instability -- 6.5 Evolution of the Distribution Function -- 6.5.1 The Vlasov Equation -- 6.5.2 The Dispersion Relation -- 6.5.3 Application to the Negative Mass Instability -- 6.6 Landau Damping -- Problems -- 7 Emittance Preservation -- 7.1 Injection Mismatch -- 7.1.1 Steering Errors -- 7.1.2 Focusing Errors -- 7.2 Diffusion Processes -- 7.2.1 RF Noise and Excitation of Oscillations -- 7.2.2 Beam-Gas Scattering -- 7.3 Emittance Reduction -- 7.3.1 Transverse Stochastic Cooling -- 7.3.2 Longitudinal Stochastic Cooling -- 7.4 Some Remarks on Beam Distributions -- Problems -- 8 Synchrotron Radiation -- 8.1 Radiation from Relativistic Particles. , 8.2 Damping of Oscillations -- 8.3 Quantum Fluctuations and Equilibrium Beam Size -- Problems -- Appendix A Tables of Accelerator Parameters -- Bibliography -- Index.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 19 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 2 (1976), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Four cases are presented of men who sustained burns after contact with premised concrete. The pathogenesis of the condition is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 5 (1973), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In aquarium experiments common invertebrates from streams and ponds were offered to O-group grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val.) in the presence of palatable plants. When there was no cover for the prey to hide under, the carp ate many of the invertebrates, but when stones were provided, considerably more invertebrates escaped. Rainbow trout eggs were not eaten, but trout fry were taken as soon as they had emerged from artificial spawning redds. While searching for food, grass carp never disturbed the stones covering possible food organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 2 (1990), S. 45-55 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Flow fields within spatially periodic arrays of cylinders arranged in square and hexagonal lattices are calculated, with microscale Reynolds number ranging between zero and 200, employing a finite element numerical scheme. The terminology of an "apparent permeability'' is introduced to establish a relationship existing between mean velocity and macroscopic pressure gradient characterized by a finite Reynolds number flow. In contrast with the low Reynolds number "true '' permeability, the apparent permeability is shown here to generally depend upon the direction of the applied pressure gradient, owing to nonlinearities existing within the local fluid motion. The orientation-dependent permeabilities of both square and hexagonal monodisperse arrays are observed to diminish with increasing Reynolds number. Similar behavior is also observed for a bidisperse square array, though the apparent permeability of the latter is shown less sensitive to Darcy velocity orientation at large Reynolds numbers in comparison to the corresponding monodisperse square array, for all cylinder concentrations examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 3121-3131 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ion-beam mixing of tin on iron provides corrosion protection against high-temperature oxidation. Previous studies have been inconclusive as to the exact composition and distribution of alloys produced at the Fe/Sn interface. This study provides a detailed diagram of Fe-Sn specimens after ion-beam mixing with Ar+ at 40 keV and a dose of 5×1016 ions/cm2 . The interface was isotopically labeled with 7.5 nm of 57 Fe and 119 Sn so that dual perspective conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy could be performed. Analyses in this manner allowed comparison of 119 Sn conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy (CEMS) and 57 Fe CEMS spectra to accurately assign spectral components which could not be conclusively assigned using a single CEMS perspective. Information from Rutherford backscattering spectrometry confirmed the layered nature of specimens prior to implantation and was used for depth determination of the mixed region after implantation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy also provided information after implantation. Data indicate the formation of a uniform amorphous surface during implantation resulting in a heterogeneous mixture of components consisting mainly of dilute tin in iron (approximately 8-at. % Sn) and FeSnx (x≈1). About 80% of the 37.5-nm tin overlayer was removed by sputtering. The components identified are somewhat more iron rich than previous assignments and illustrate the difference in surface structures resulting from various implantation parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Sedimentology 41 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Experimental results are reported concerning the nature of reflected flows generated when density currents are incident upon ramp-type flow obstructions. The reflected flows are bores (moving hydraulic jumps that transport mass) with flow characteristics in common with either a group of solitary waves (weak Type A bores) or the original density current (strong Type C bores). Alternatively, the bore may have attributes in common with both of these end-member forms (intermediate Type B bores). Bore strength is positively correlated with the ratio of reverse flow thickness to that of the residual tail of the forward flow. The largest values of this ratio occur when ‘proximal’reflections arrive at the steeper ramps. Measured particle paths in the bores indicate that natural examples will have the potential to transport and deposit sediment. Strong bores have velocity characteristics very similar to the original current and thus in nature the generated sequence of sedimentary structures will resemble those of the original depositing current. The train of solitary waves that make up a weak bore sequence exhibits a pulsating velocity profile at a point. Such flows may thus generate repeated sequences of structures separated by fine ‘drapes’that are distinguishable from the deposits of the original turbidity current. These conclusions are applied to examples of reflected turbidites described from the Palaeozoic to Quaternary sedimentary record.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 3 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The paper describes the changes in the cricopharyngeal muscle in seven cases of dysphagia resulting from obstruction at this level which was relieved by myotomy. Histological features included degeneration and regeneration in the muscle fibres with interstitial fibrosis which was severe in some of the cases. It is considered that this restrictive fibrosis is the cause of the dysphagia and that it is secondary to muscle fibre damage, the cause of which is at present obscure. Minor degrees of muscle damage and regeneration were seen rarely in controls and fibrosis was never present. There was no evidence of underlying vascular or neurological disease in six cases; the seventh had a previous history of scleroderma but this was not thought to be the cause of the cricopharyngeal lesion. The age incidence ranged from 1 to 5 years at the onset of dysphagia; in six of the seven it was 50 years or more.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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