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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ measurement of ion-beam-induced deposition of gold (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 3636-3643 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An experimental system for measuring ion-beam-induced deposition yield is described. Gold films were deposited on quartz-crystal microbalances (QCM) by decomposing dimethyl gold hexafluoroacetylacetonate molecules (C7H7F6O2Au) with a 5-keV argon-ion beam. The QCMs provide an in situ measurement of the deposition rate as a function of ion dose, dose rate, gas pressure, and substrate temperature. The deposition yield, or mass deposited per incident ion, is shown to increase with increasing pressure and decreasing temperature. The yield is independent of the ion dose rate, which implies that the deposition process is not due to macroscopic heating. The deposition yield is shown to depend on the sputter yield of the substrate. The density of the deposited films was determined to be about 10 g/cm3, which is about half the density of bulk gold (19.3 g/cm3). The difference in density is due to carbon contamination in the deposited films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342612
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion cluster emission and deposition from liquid gold ion sources (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 58 (1985), S. 2724-2730 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The emission and deposition of molten gold droplets from needle-tip liquid metal ion sources was investigated. The Taylor cone was identified as the source of droplet emission. An upper limit of 8 μm for the virtual source size was measured. Gold films were deposited on silicon substrates. The deposited gold spots showed a peaked, axially symmetric, distribution with a half angle for droplet emission of ∼2° which was considerably smaller than the ion emission angle of ∼45°. Typical deposition fluxes were ∼5×105 μm3/s/sr with total deposition rates of ∼3×103 μm3/s and on an average droplet diameter of ∼1 μm at an emission current of 150 μA. Smaller diameter droplets are produced with decreasing emission current and angle. Gold films with a fine textured morphology suitable for submicron patterning were obtained at emission currents less than ∼135 μA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.336300
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of gas adsorption in ion-beam-induced deposition of gold (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 870-874 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Gold films were deposited on quartz crystal microbalances (QCM) by decomposing C7H7F6O2Au [dimethyl gold hexafluoroacetylacetonate, or DMG(hfac)] with a 5-keV argon-ion beam. A model for ion-beam-induced deposition is presented which relates the net deposition yield to the gas adsorption, the decomposition cross section, and the sputtering yield. The deposition rate was measured in situ as a function of ion current, gas pressure, and substrate temperature using the QCM. The deposition yield (mass deposited per incident ion) increased with increasing gas pressure and decreasing substrate temperature. The QCM was also used to measure the adsorption of DMG(hfac). The results demonstrated that the variation in deposition yield with temperature and pressure was proportional to the number of DMG(hfac) molecules adsorbed per cm2. Based on the observed correlation between deposition yield and adsorption, a decomposition cross section for 5-keV argon ions of 2×10−13 cm2 was estimated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.343512
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of the ion-solid interaction in ion-beam-induced deposition of gold (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 665-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Gold films were deposited on quartz-crystal microbalances by decomposing C7H7F6O2Au (dimethyl gold hexafluoroacetylacetonate) with 2–10-keV Xe+, Kr+, Ar+, Ne+, or He+ ion beams. The number of molecules decomposed per incident ion (i.e., the total decomposition yield) was determined as a function of ion mass and energy. The total decomposition yield increases with increasing ion mass and ion energy, and is approximately proportional to the nuclear stopping power. A binary collision model and a thermal spike model are developed that relate the energy deposited by the ion, at the substrate surface, to the total number of molecules decomposed. Both models predict total decomposition yields that are in reasonable agreement with the experimental measurements; however, the variation of total yield with changes in ion mass and energy are best described by the binary collision model. The success of both models demonstrates that the energy deposited into the substrate surface through the ion-solid interaction is responsible for the decomposition of adsorbed molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.349671
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical studies of fine-structure effects and long-range forces: Potential-energy surfaces and reactivity of O(3P)+OH(2Π) (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 2423-2439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The role of fine structure in reactions without barriers in the potential-energy surface is examined in general, and calculations are carried out for the specific case of O+OH→H+O2. The long-range Hamiltonian, including electrostatic (dipole–quadrupole and quadrupole–quadrupole) and spin-oribt interactions, is expressed in the asymptotic (separated species) basis for the 18 doubly degenerate states correlating to ground-state reactants O(3P2,1,0)+OH(2Π3/2,1/2). Adiabatic potential-energy surfaces are determined by diagonalization of the long-range Hamiltonian. The adiabaticity of the reaction has been analyzed using general considerations about nonadiabatic processes and confirmed by direct integration of the coupled equations. The half collision through the coupling region is found to be predominantly adiabatic for the state correlating to reaction. Single-surface reaction cross sections and rate constants have been obtained using the adiabatic capture, infinite-order sudden approximation method. Our results indicate that the reaction is probably fast even at very low temperatures. The effect of reagent rotation on the reaction cross section is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.457986
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of sputtered superconducting films of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox made by low-temperature in situ growth (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 2135-2137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Superconducting films of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox have been fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates by a low-temperature in situ process. Using a substrate temperature Ts≈645 °C, metallic films with a superconducting onset of 90–100 K and an extrapolated Tc0=56 K have been obtained. X-ray diffraction shows the films to be c-axis oriented. Electron microscopy reveals that the films are not significantly smoother than films which were post-annealed at 865 °C, and that some segregation into nonsuperconducting phases had occurred. The exact mechanism by which crystallization and superconductivity occurs at such low temperatures is not yet known, but it can be speculated that the surface atoms are less constrained and thus have a smaller energy barrier to overcome in forming a crystal structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102347
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rate constants for the reactions O + C2H2 and O + C2D2 .fwdarw. products, over the temperature range .apprx.850-1950 K, by the flash photolysis-shock tube technique. Determination of the branching ratio and a further theoretical analysis (1990)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 94 (1990), S. 2453-2464 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100369a047
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme-catalyzed organic syntheses: transesterification reactions of chlorophyll a, bacteriochlorophyll a, and derivatives with chlorophyllase (1988)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 110 (1988), S. 5888-5891 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00225a047
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of the Articulator Settings on the Cusp Inclines as Measured by a Coordinate Measuring Machine (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of prosthodontics 2 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1532-849X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Purpose The purpose of the study was to learn the effect of changes in the articulator settings on the cusp angles during working, nonworking, and protrusive movements; the purpose was also to determine the ability of the coordinate measuring machine to measure the movements.Materials and Methods The condylar angles and the anterior guide angles on a Hanau 96H2 articulator (Teledyne Hanau Corp, Buffalo, NY) were varied; 432 working, nonworking, and protrusive cusp angles were measured at the first molar by a coordinate measuring machine.Results The data from the coordinate measuring machine was used to produce formulas. The formulas were used to calculate the working, nonworking, and protrusive cusp angles that will occur as a result of 72 different articulator settings.Conclusions The coordinate measuring machine is useful for making measurements of articulator movements. Additional research may measure the movements of other articulators or compare articulators (such as the arcon and nonarcon).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.1993.tb00376.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Provitamin A and Ascorbic Acid Content of Fresh Pepper Cultivars (Capsicum annuum) and Processed Jalapeños (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 59 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Alpha and beta carotene, provitamin A activity, dehydroascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid and total ascorbic acid content of “jalapeño,”“bell,” long green/red “chile,”“serrano” and “yellow wax” peppers (Cupsicum annuum L.) at green and red stages of maturity were determined by HPLC. Effects of thermal processing on vitamin A and C retention in “jalapeno” peppers was also determined. Provitamin A activity ranged from 27.3 to 501.9 Retinol Equivalents (RE/100g). Ascorbic acid concentration ranged from 76.1 to 243.1 (mg/100g). Provitamin A activity and ascorbic acid content increased with maturity in all cultivars. Thermal processing of “jalapeño” cultivars resulted in a 25% decrease of total provitamin A activity and a 75% decrease in total ascrobic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1994.tb06967.x
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