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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A ytterbium- and neodymium-co-doped yttrium aluminum garnet–buried channel waveguide laser pumped at 0.81 μm (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 582-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this paper we will explain the preparation of an epitaxially grown ytterbium- and neodymium-co-doped yttrium aluminum garnet [(Yb,Nd):YAG]–buried channel waveguide laser on a YAG substrate. Waveguides, whose cores are formed with Ar ion beam etching, demonstrate single-mode operation. The (Yb,Nd):YAG waveguide laser operates at 1.03 μm when pumped at 0.81 μm, as a result of a nonradiative energy transfer from Nd3+ ions to Yb3+ ions. The incident threshold and slope efficiency of the 5 mm long waveguide laser are 235 mW and 13%, respectively. Output power of 50 mW is obtained for an incident power of 620 mW at room temperature. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115395
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Room-temperature operation of an Yb-doped Gd3Ga5O12 buried channel waveguide laser at 1.025 μm wavelength (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 2177-2179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An epitaxially grown ytterbium-doped gadolinium gallium garnet (Yb:GGG) buried channel waveguide laser is prepared on an yttrium substituted GGG substrate (Y:GGG). The effective light guiding structure is obtained as a result of the difference of refractive indices of Yb:GGG and Y:GGG. The Yb:GGG waveguide exhibits single-mode 1.025 μm lasing operation at room temperature. The incident threshold and slope efficiency of the 5-mm-long waveguide laser when pumped at 0.941 μm are 80 mW and 13.4%, respectively. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116004
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermoregulatory responses to acute heat loads in the FOK rat (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 43 (1999), S. 119-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Key words Evaporative and nonevaporative heat loss ; Heat production ; FOK rat ; WKAH rat ; Heat tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  FOK is an inbred rat strain with a genotypic adaptation to hot environments. The present study investigated the mechanism of the high heat tolerance of the FOK rat. Male FOK and WKAH rats were used. They were loosely restrained and placed individually in a direct calorimeter with an ambient temperature of 24°C. Their hypothalamic temperature, evaporative and nonevaporative heat loss and heat production were measured. After thermal equilibrium had been attained, the rats were warmed for 30 min with a chronically implanted intraperitoneal electric heater(internal heating). At least 90 min after the heating, the jacket water temperature surrounding the calorimeter chamber was gradually raised from 24°C to 36°C in 80 min (external warming). During the internal heating, changes in the thermoregulatory parameters did not differ between the groups. During the external warming, the evaporative heat loss of the FOK rat was significantly greater than that of the WKAH rat, while changes in nonevaporative heat loss and heat production did not differ between the groups. The results suggest that in the FOK rat, the improved heat tolerance is attributable to an enhanced evaporative heat loss response, but not to a facilitation of nonevaporative heat loss or of metabolic depression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004840050126
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selected ambient temperatures of rats acclimated to heat given on various schedules (1999)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 438 (1999), S. 766-770 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Circadian rhythm Core temperature Heat-seeking behavior Preferred ambient temperature Thermal gradient Thermoregulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We investigated the behavioral thermoregulation of heat-acclimated rats by measuring their selected ambient temperatures (T s). Rats kept in a light:dark cycle of 12:12 h were subjected to one of four different heat exposure regimes for 10 consecutive days; a constant ambient temperature (T a) of 32°C (CH), a T a of 32°C for 5 h daily in the latter half of the dark phase (IHF), a T a of 32°C for 5 h daily at a random time of day (IHR), or a constant T a of 24°C (control). After the heat exposure schedule, the rats were placed in a thermal gradient and their intra-abdominal temperature (T ab), T s and spontaneous activity were measured for 3 days. There were clear day–night variations of T ab and T s in all groups. The levels of T ab and T s of the CH rats were significantly higher than those of the IHF, IHR and control rats. The T ab and activity levels of the IHF rats were significantly lower than those of the IHR and control rats only in the latter half of the dark phase. The T s values of the IHF rats did not differ from those of the IHR and control rats. These results suggest that, after rats were constantly subjected to heat, heat-seeking behavior was induced so that the core temperature was maintained at a high level. However, when rats were acclimated to heat given for several hours at a fixed time daily, core temperature was lowered during the same time period of previous heat exposure in association with a depression of thermogenic behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004249900129
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel missense mutation of the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene detected in a patient with hypophosphatasia (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of human genetics 43 (1998), S. 160-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Key words Frameshift mutation ; Bone marrow stromal fibroblast ; Glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI) ; Hepatic failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hypophosphatasia is a rare heritable inborn error of metabolism characterized by abnormal bone mineralization associated with a deficiency of alkaline phosphatase. The clinical expression of hypophosphatasia is highly variable, ranging from death in utero to pathologic fractures first presenting in adulthood. We investigated the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) gene from a Japanese female patient with hypophosphatasia. By a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, the amount of TNSALP mRNA appeared to be almost equal to that in normal individuals. Gene analysis clarified that the hypophosphatasia originated from a missense mutation and a nucleotide deletion. The missense mutation, a C ? T transition at position 1041 of cDNA, results in an amino acid change from Leu to Phe at codon 272, which has not yet been reported. The previously reported deletion of T at 1735 causes a frame shift mutation downstream from Leu at codon 503. Family analysis showed that the mutation 1041T and the deletion 1735T had been inherited from the proband's father and mother, respectively. An expression experiment revealed that the mutation 1041T halved the expression of alkaline phosphatase activity. Using homology analysis, the Leu-272 was confirmed to be highly conserved in other mammals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100380050061
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The human caspase-activated DNase gene (hCAD): genomic structure, exonic single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and a highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat at the hCAD locus (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of human genetics 44 (1999), S. 408-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Key words CAD (caspase-activated-DNase) ; Dinucleotide repeat ; SNPs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Caspase-activated DNase (CAD) cleaves chromosomal DNA during apoptosis. We determined its genomic structure and identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within exons 5 and 7, as well as a highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat of (CT)m(CA)n within the 5′ region of the human CAD gene (hCAD). The genomic structure of hCAD presented here, together with information concerning SNPs within the gene, as well as a highly polymorphic (CT)m(CA)n repeat fragment at the hCAD locus, may assist in the construction of genetic maps for exploring gene(s) that play pivotal roles in carcinogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100380050188
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