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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release of histamine and pancreastatin from isolated rat stomach ECL cells (1997)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 46 (1997), S. 109-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050127
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    〈alpha〉-Fluoromethylhistidine elevates histidine decarboxylase mRNA and chromogranin A mRNA levels in rat oxyntic mucosa (1997)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 46 (1997), S. 107-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050124
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chicken Parathyroid Hormone Gene Expression in Response to Gastrin, Omeprazole, Ergocalciferol, and Restricted Food Intake (1997)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 61 (1997), S. 210 -215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Chicken PTH — Gene expression — Gastrin — Omeprazole — Ergocalciferol — Restricted food.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Treatment with omeprazole, a long-acting proton pump inhibitor of acid secretion, induces hypergastrinemia. In chickens, omeprazole induces growth not only of the acid-producing mucosa (probably reflecting the trophic action of gastrin), but also of the parathyroid glands (hypertrophy + hyperplasia), while suppressing bone density and body weight gain without affecting blood calcium. The first part of the present study was concerned with the effect of omeprazole, ergocalciferol (vitamin D2), and restricted food intake on the gene expression of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the parathyroid glands of the chicken. Chickens were treated with omeprazole (400 μmol/kg/day, I.M.), food restriction, omeprazole + food restriction, ergocalciferol (250 000 IU/kg/day, S.C.), or ergocalciferol + omeprazole for 5 weeks. The weight gain of the chickens was monitored, and the weights of the parathyroid glands and femurs were determined at sacrifice. PTH mRNA in the parathyroid glands was analyzed by Northern blot. The second part of the study examined the effect of 3 weeks of continuous gastrin infusion (chicken gastrin 20–36, 5 nmol/kg/hour, S.C.) on the expression of PTH mRNA in the parathyroid glands. Omeprazole reduced the body weight and femur density (ash weight per volume) while greatly increasing the weight of the parathyroid glands and the PTH gene expression. Food restriction alone and ergocalciferol alone (at a dose that raised blood Ca2+) were without effect, but food restriction greatly enhanced the omeprazole-evoked increase in parathyroid gland weight and PTH gene expression. Gastrin increased the weight of the parathyroid glands and reproduced the effect of omeprazole on PTH gene expression. Hence, it seems likely that the effect of omeprazole reflects the ensuing hypergastrinemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900325
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometric Analysis of Gastrectomy-Evoked Osteopenia (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 62 (1998), S. 323-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Gastrectomy — Rats — Bone resorption — Bone formation — Osteopenia.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Gastrectomy leads to osteopenia in the rat. The present study describes the effects of gastrectomy on bone morphology. Rats were subjected to gastrectomy or sham operation. Four weeks after the operation the rats were killed and both tibiae were removed. Bone morphology of the left tibia was analyzed with quantitative computer tomography, the right tibia with histomorphometry. Bone length, bone mineral content, as well as indices of bone resorption and formation were measured in the metaphysis and the diaphysis. Gastrectomy had no effect on longitudinal bone growth but it led to a low bone mineral content at both sites. Bone resorption was increased by gastrectomy, as shown by an increase in the medullary cavity area in the diaphysis. Gastrectomy also reduced bone formation, as shown by a decreased periosteal circumference and a decrease in the mean periosteal bone apposition in the diaphysis. In conclusion, gastrectomy-evoked osteopenia reflects impaired formation and increased resorption of bone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900439
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversibility of omeprazole-evoked changes in the ultrastructure of ECL cells in the rat stomach (1997)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 291 (1997), S. 91-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words ECL cells ; Omeprazole ; Granules/vesicles ; Ultrastructure ; Stomach ; Rat (Sprague Dawley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The ECL cells are histamine- and peptide hormone-producing endocrine cells in the rat oxyntic mucosa. They are rich in secretory vesicles and also contain microvesicles and electron-dense granules. They operate under the control of circulating gastrin. In the present study, we examined the ECL-cell ultrastructure after long term treatment with omeprazole, which is known to induce hypergastrinemia, and after withdrawal of the drug. Rats received omeprazole (400 µmol/kg per day, orally) for 16 days and were killed 1, 5, 20, or 40 days after the last dose of the drug. Oxyntic mucosal specimens were processed for electron microscopy. Electron micrographs of ECL-cell profiles were analyzed planimetrically. The ECL-cell profile area increased promptly in response to omeprazole, the secretory vesicles and granules were reduced in number and volume density, the microvesicles were unchanged in number but reduced in volume density, and vacuoles appeared. Within a week after stopping the omeprazole treatment, the numbers and volume densities of secretory vesicles and microvesicles returned to pre-stimulation values. Also, the vacuoles disappeared promptly. The ECL-cell profile area decreased below the pre-stimulation level within five days after stopping treatment, while, in contrast, the granules increased in number and volume density. Somewhat surprisingly, the cell size and the granule compartment did not return to normal until 40 days after stopping treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050982
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of reserpine on ECL-cell ultrastructure and histamine compartmentalization in the rat stomach (1999)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 295 (1999), S. 131-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words ECL cells ; Gastrin ; Reserpine ; Organelles ; Ultrastructure ; Rat (Sprague-Dawley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The histamine-storing ECL cells in the stomach play a key role in the control of acid secretion. They contain granules, secretory vesicles and microvesicles, and sustained gastrin stimulation results in the additional formation of vacuoles and lipofuscin bodies. The cells are rich in the vesicle monoamine transporter type-2 (VMAT-2), which can be inhibited by reserpine. The present study examines the effect of reserpine on ECL-cell ultrastructure and histamine compartmentalization. Rats received reserpine and/or gastrin. Reserpine was given twice by the intraperitoneal route (25 mg/kg once daily). Gastrin-17 was given by subcutaneous infusion (5 nmol/kg/h), starting at the time of the first reserpine injection and continuing for 4 days when the rats were killed. At this stage, histamine in the oxyntic mucosa was unaffected by reserpine but elevated by gastrin. Immunocytochemical analysis (confocal microscopy) showed ECL-cell histamine in control and gastrin-treated rats to be localized in cytoplasmic organelles (e.g., secretory vesicles). After treatment with reserpine alone or reserpine+gastrin, ECL-cell histamine occurred mainly in the cytosol. Planimetric analysis (electron microscopy) of ECL cells showed reserpine to increase the number, size and volume density of the granules and to reduce the size and volume density of the secretory vesicles. Gastrin reduced the number and volume density of granules and secretory vesicles, increased the number and volume density of microvesicles and caused vacuoles and lipofuscin bodies to appear. Reserpine+gastrin increased the number, volume density and size of the granules. Reserpine prevented the effects of gastrin on secretory vesicles, vacuoles and microvesicles, but did not prevent the development of lipofuscin. Our findings are in line with the views: (1) that preformed cytosolic histamine is taken up by granules/secretory vesicles via VMAT-2, that histamine is instrumental in the transformation of granules into secretory vesicles and in their consequent enlargement and (2) that vacuoles are formed by the fusion of large secretory vesicles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410051219
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