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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lateral spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry bone mineral measurement with fan-beam design: effect of osteophytic calcifications on lateral and anteroposterior spine BMD (1995)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 15 (1995), S. 151-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Lateral dual x-ray absorptiometry ; BMd ; Osteoarthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recently, fan beam (FB) designs have been made available by several manufacturers (Aloka, Hologic Lunar and Sophar) to measure lumbar spine bone mineral area density (BMD) in both an anteroposterior (AP) and a lateral projection. The present study was performed to evaluate some characteristics of a new dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) system for supine lateral scans in normals and to study possible advantages for patients with ostcophytic calcifications (OC). The precision errors of in vitro and in vivo measurements were estimated by an anthropomorphic phantom and in healthy volunteers. To study the effect of osteoarthritic changes on AP and lateral DXA measurements, BMC (bone mineral content) and BMD were measured in age-matched women (n=150) with and without OC. Precision errors for lateral BMD in vitro over 1 and 6 months were 0.58/0.67% (slow/fast scan modes) and 0.67/0.77% (slow/fast scan modes), respectively. The short- and mid-term reproducibility of BMD values were 2% and 3.5%, respectively, using the compare function (3.5% and 7.5%, respectively, without the compare facility). The analysis of women with and without OC (n=150) demonstrated higher mean values for AP BMD (0.892±0.145 g/cm2) in patients with OC (n=75) than in normals (0.836±0.135 g/cm2, n=75, difference 6.3%). For lateral scans, BMD differed to a minor degree (3.1%) in patients with OC (0,629±0.133 g/cm2) compared with normals (0.610±0.117 g/cm2). Corresponding results were obtained in fast FB mode. Furthermore, we found significant (P〈0.0001) correlations between BMD in lateral and AP scans in patients without OC (r=0.63) and in patients with OC (r=0.75). Although the FB design facilitated fast AP and lateral scans, the higher precision errors of lateral scans could limit its application in longitudinal studies. The use of compare function should be recommended. However, BMD of lateral scans was less influenced by OC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301772
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone Mineral Density of Opposing Hips Using Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in Single-Beam and Fan-Beam Design (1997)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 61 (1997), S. 445-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Bone densitometry — Bilateral hip — Femur — DXA — Single beam — Fan beam.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Bone densitometry focuses on bone mineral area density (BMD in g/cm2) of the proximal femur and spine in anterior-posterior (AP) projections. Artifacts, such as osteoarthritis and osteophytic calcifications (OC) influence spine BMD, especially in AP scans. If only two sites are measured, as is usual in clinical practice, there may be advantages to measuring both femora rather than one femur and the spine. This would not be useful, however, if there was strong symmetry between the two sides. Furthermore, fan beam (FB) techniques have become available for measuring BMD with less data acquisition time. We compared densitometry of opposing femora in 421 patients (369 women, mean age 59.0 ± 4.8; 52 men, mean age 56.9 ± 7.4) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA): both single-beam (SB) and FB modes were evaluated. The precision errors in vivo (short- and midterm) of total BMD were 0.7% for both SB and FB. The total BMD and BMC of the left hip (0.817 ± 0.124 g/cm2, 31.3 ± 6.4 g) were significantly (P 〈 0.001) higher (2–3%) than the corresponding values of the right hip (0.801 ± 0.125 g/cm2, 30.3 ± 6.3 g) in both SB and FB (left BMD 0.802 ± 0.117 g/cm2, BMC 30.0 ± 6.2 g versus right BMD 0.795 ± 0.117 g/cm2, BMC 29.3 ± 6.3 g) modes. However, BMD of the femoral neck and Ward's triangle were not significantly (P 〉 0.05) different between the two sides. The FB results were generally 2% lower than SB results. There were highly significant (P 〈 0.001) correlations (r 〉 0.9) between both hips using both SB and FB. For diagnostic procedures and longitudinal studies, one should consider that there are bilateral differences of femur BMD, as well as differences between FB and SB scan modes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900365
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry bone mineral measurement—comparison of a single-beam and fan-beam design: The effect of osteophytic calcification on spine bone mineral density (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 192-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteophytic calcifications ; DXA ; Single beam ; Fan beam
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) using a single-beam (SB) design is a well-established procedure for measuring bone mineral area density (BMD). Recently, fan beam (FB) techniques have become available to measure BMD. We evaluated the QDR1000 and QDR2000 densitometers with regard to precision and cross-compared values using single beam (SB) and FB techniques. To study the effect of osteoarthritic changes on bone measurement (BMC in g) and bone mineral area density (BMD in g/cm2), both parameters were measured in patients with and without osteophytic calcifications (OC) of the lumbar spine. Precision errors for BMD in vitro over 1 and 6 months using the QDR2000 were 0.4% and 0.6% for SB and 0.5% and 0.7% for the three FB modes. For QDR1000 only SB is available. Using this scan mode, the BMD difference (δ=0.1%) in vitro between QDR1000 and QDR2000 was not significant. The short-term (same day) reproducibility of BMD in vivo was 0.85% for SB mode and 1.1% for FB scan mode (n=33). The midterm (1 month) precision errors were 0.9% for SB and 1.5% for FB (n=11). The spine BMD of 751 patients from our outpatient clinic and department of rheumatology was 1.7% lower with FB than with SB (0.878±0.137 versus 0.888±0.146 g/cm2). Lower (1.8%) BMD values were also found in the hip with FB compared to SB (0.805±0.111 versus 0.821±0.111 g/cm2). There was a highly significant (P〈0.00001) correlation between SB and FB on the spine (r =0.99) and hip (r=0.98) using the QDR2000. Correlations found QDR1000 and QDR2000 were lower on the spine (r=0.97) hip (r=0.93). In contrast to hip BMD, spine BMD was significantly higher in women (n=78) with OC (FB: 0.894±0.134 g/cm2, SB: 0.900±0.140 g/cm2) than in normals (n=148) (FB: 0.844±0.130 g/cm2, SB: 0.865±0.140 mals (n=148) (FB: 0.844±0.130 g/cm2, SB: 0.865±0.140 g/cm2) (P〈0.05). The FB mode provides reproducible data in vitro and in vivo, though not as precise as SB. FB results in vivo are 1–2% lower than FB results, even with identical results in vitro. Women with OC present with higher BMD values in spine scans than normals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298608
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxisches Megakolon nach Helicobacter-pylori- Eradikationstherapie (1997)
    Springer
    Der Internist 38 (1997), S. 352-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1289
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Toxisches Megakolon ; Pseudomembranöse Kolitis ; Antibiotika-assoziierte Diarrhoe ; Helicobacter-pylori-Eradikationstherapie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Risiko der Eradikationstherapie ist gering. Bei anhaltender Diarrhoe ist die Abklärung indiziert, wobei ursächlich neben Clostridium difficile auch andere Keime, z.B. Klebsiellen in Betracht kommen. Das makroskopische Bild der pseudomembranösen Kolitis ist nicht richtungsweisend für die Ursache.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001080050047
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thrombocytopenia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis on long-term treatment with low dose methotrexate (1996)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 15 (1996), S. 266-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Thrombocytopenia ; MTX ; RA ; NSAID
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We reviewed the records of 315 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with low-dose methotrexate (MTX) and evaluated the conditions contributing to thrombocytopenia. Thirteen out of 315 patients with RA presented with low platelet counts (≤100.000/mm3). The age of these patients (51 ± 12.6 years) did not correlate with thrombocytopenia (r=0.211, p〉0.05). Thrombocytopenia resulted from coadministration of MTX and NSAID or multiple drug interactions. We observed a significant (r=0.48, p〈0.05) increase of discontinuation of NSAID's but not of MTX therapy (r=0.42, p〉0.05) with a mounting weekly dosage of MTX (12.5±5 mg orally). There was a significant correlation between this weekly dosage of MTX coadministered on the same day with NSAID and thrombocytopenia (r=0.6, p〈0.05). In most cases (9/13) MTX was not or just temporarily withdrawn. Three of the remaining patients had multiple drug interactions. Reintroduction of low dose MTX treatment in patients having had thrombocytopenia could be performed safely, if thrombocytopenia occurred as a result of concomitant application of MTX and NSAID and no other multiple drug interactions. Preferably, MTX and NSAID should be given to these risk patients on separate days or intervals considering half time clearance of NSAIDs. This procedure has prevented the reoccurrence of thrombocytopenia and controlled further drug interactions of NSAIDs and MTX in our patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02229705
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thrombocytopenia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis on long-term treatment with low dose methotrexate (1996)
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 15 (1996), S. 163-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Thrombocytopenia ; MTX ; RA ; NSAID
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We reviewed the records of 315 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with low-dose methotrexate (MTX) and evaluated the conditions contributing to thrombocytopenia. Thirteen out of 315 patients with RA presented with low platelet counts (≤ 100.000/mm3). The age of these patients (51±12.6 years) did not correlate with thrombocytopenia (r=0.211, p〉0.05). Thrombocytopenia resulted from coadministration of MTX and NSAID or multiple drug interactions. We observed a significant (r=0.48, p〈0.05) increase of discontinuation of NSAID's but not of MTX therapy (r=0.42, p〉0.05) with a mounting weekly dosage of MTX (12.5±5 mg orally). There was a significant correlation between this weekly dosage of MTX coadministered on the same day with NSAID and thrombocytopenia (r=0.6, p〈0.05). In most cases (9/13) MTX was not or just temporarily withdrawn. Three of the remaining patients had multiple drug interactions. Reintroduction of low dose MTX treatment in patients having had thrombocytopenia could be performed safely, if thrombocytopenia occurred as a result of concomitant application of MTX and NSAID and no other multiple drug interactions. Preferably, MTX and NSAID should be given to these risk patients on separate days or intervals considering half time clearance of NSAIDs. This procedure has avoided the reoccurrence of thrombocytopenia and controlled further drug interactions of NSAIDs and MTX in our patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02230334
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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