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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 1998
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 1998-03), p. 309-311
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 32, No. 3 ( 1998-03), p. 309-311
    Abstract: To report a case of toxin-positive Clostridium difficile– induced colitis (CDIC) after use of clindamycin phosphate vaginal cream. CASE SUMMARY: A 25-year-old postpartum white woman developed multiple watery stools and abdominal cramping on day 6 of therapy with clindamycin vaginal cream for bacterial vaginosis. She received no other concomitant medications. The patient's stool sample was found to be positive for the C. difficile toxin. Due to the costs and risks of standard therapy, we decided to manage the patient supportively. Complete resolution of the diarrhea occurred shortly thereafter. DISCUSSION: No published clinical studies in patients receiving clindamycin vaginal cream for bacterial vaginosis have documented C. difficile toxin in stool samples of patients with diarrhea. Approximately 5–6% of intravaginal clindamycin is absorbed in the bloodstream, making systemic effects possible. CONCLUSIONS: This report indicates clindamycin phosphate vaginal cream as the most probable cause of CDIC due to the temporal relationship between the occurrence of diarrhea and clindamycin administration, lack of concomitant medications, and documentation of C. difficile toxin. OBJETIVO: Describir el caso de una colitis inducida por Clostridium difficile con toxina positiva luego del uso de fosfato de clindamicina en crema vaginal. RESUMEN DEL CASO: Una paciente de 25 años de edad, desarrolló diarrea acuosa y dolor abdominal el sexto día de terapia con clindamicina en crema vaginal para una vaginosis bacteriana post-parto. La paciente no recibió otros fármacos concurrentes. Las muestras de excreta de la paciente resultaron positivas para la toxina de C. difficile. Debido a los costos y riesgos de la terapia estándar, se decidió continuar manejando la paciente con terapia de apoyo. La diarrea resolvió completamente poco tiempo después. DISCUSION: No existen estudios clínicos de pacientes recibiendo clindamicina en crema vaginal para vaginosis bacteriana que documenten toxina de C. difficile en muestras de excreta de pacientes con diarrea. Aproximadamente 5–6% de clindamicina intravaginal es absorbido en el torrente sanguíneo, lo que hace posible que ocurran efectos sistémicos. CONCLUSIONES: Este caso indica que el fosfato de clindamicina en crema vaginal es la causa más probable para la colitis inducida por C. difficile debido a la relación de tiempo entre la aparición de la diarrea y la administración de clindamicina, la ausencia de otros medicamentos concurrentes y la documentación de toxina de C. difficile. OBJECTIF: Décrire le cas d'une patient ayant développé une colite pseudomembraneuse causée par le Clostridium difficile suite à l'administration d'une crème vaginale de clindamycine. RÉSUMÉ: Une jeune patiente de 25 ans se présente à la clinique pour un suivi postpartum se plaignant de prurit vaginal. Le diagnostic d'une vaginite bactérienne est posé et la patiente se voit prescrire une crème vaginale de clindamycine 2% pour 7 jours. A la sixième journée de traitement, la patiente développe de multiples épisodes de selles liquides et de crampes abdominales et la dernière dose de clindamycine n'est pas administrée. Six jours plus tard, ces effets indésirables se poursuivent et la patiente consulte. L'analyse de selles révèle une présence positive de toxines produites par le C. difficile. Considérant qu'aucune autre médication n'a été prise par la patiente durant ce temps, le développement de cette colite pseudomembraneuse causée par le C. difficile semble fortement relié à la prise de clindamycine vaginale. DISCUSSION: Aucune étude publiée ne rapporte à ce jour des cas similaires de colite pseudomembraneuse causée par le C difficile suite à l'administration vaginale de clindamycine. Par contre, il est estimé qu'environ 5–6% de la clindamycine vaginale est absorbée au niveau sanguin pouvant ainsi rendre possibles les effets indésirables systémiques. CONCLUSIONS: Ce cas décrit la relation possible entre l'administration vaginale de clindamycine et le développement d'une colite pseudomembraneuse causée par le C. difficile.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 1999
    In:  The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Vol. 39, No. 4 ( 1999-04), p. 418-424
    In: The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Wiley, Vol. 39, No. 4 ( 1999-04), p. 418-424
    Abstract: Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist that is metabolized by CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 to a more potent antihypertensive metabolite, E3174. Interaction studies with inhibitors of CYP3A4 have not demonstrated significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of losartan or E3174. The authors assessed the steady‐state pharmacokinetics of losartan and E3174 when administered alone and concomitantly with fluvastatin, a specific CYP2C9 inhibitor. A prospective, open‐label, crossover study was conducted in 12 healthy volunteers with losartan alone and in combination with fluvastatin. The baseline phase was 7 days of losartan (50 mg QAM), and the inhibition phase was 14 total days of fluvastatin (40 mg QHS), with the final 7 days including losartan. The authors found that flvastatin did not significantly change the steady‐state AUC 0–24 or half‐life of losartan or E3174. Losartan apparent oral clearance was not affected by fluvastatin. Inhibition of losartan metabolism appears to require both CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 inhibition .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0091-2700 , 1552-4604
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010253-7
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1998
    In:  American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy Vol. 55, No. 18 ( 1998-09-15), p. 1898-1902
    In: American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 55, No. 18 ( 1998-09-15), p. 1898-1902
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1079-2082 , 1535-2900
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1998
    SSG: 15,3
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