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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport of small organic cations in the rat liver (1996)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 354 (1996), S. 320-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Rat liver ; Transport of organic cations ; OCT1 ; Type I hepatic transport of cationic drugs ; 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The kidneys and the liver are the principal organs for the inactivation of circulating organic cations. Recently, an organic cation transporter (OCT1) has been cloned from rat kidney. In order to answer the question whether OCT1 is involved also in hepatic uptake of organic cations, the pharmacological characteristics of organic cation transport in hepatocytes were compared to the characteristics of transiently expressed OCT1. Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes avidly accumulated the small organic cation 3H-1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (3H-MPP+). At equilibrium, the hepatocytes accumulated 3H-MPP+ 56-fold. Initial rates of specific 3H-MPP+ transport in hepatocytes were saturable. The half-saturating concentration was 13 μmol/l. 3H-MPP+ transport was sensitive to quinine (Ki = 0.79 μmol/l) and cyanine863 (Ki = 0.097 µmol/l). Quinine and cyanine863 are known inhibitors of type I hepatic transport of cationic drugs and of renal excretion of organic cations, respectively. To compare the functional characteristics of 3H-MPP+ transport in hepatocytes with those of OCT1, OCT1 has been heterologously expressed and characterized in a mammalian cell line (293 cells). Initial rates of 3H-MPP+ transport were saturable, the Km being 13 μmol/l. The rank order of inhibitory potencies of various inhibitors was almost identical in hepatocytes and 293 cells transiently transfected with OCT1. There was a positive correlation between the Ki's for the inhibition of 3H-MPP+ transport in isolated hepatocytes and transfected 293 cells (r = 0.85; P〈0.01; n = 8). The results indicate that OCT1 is functionally expressed not only in the kidney but also in hepatocytes where it is responsible for the transport of small organic cations which, in the past, have been classified as type I substrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00171063
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport of small organic cations in the rat liver The role of the organic cation transporter OCT1 (1996)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 354 (1996), S. 320-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Rat liver ; Transport of organic cations ; OCT1 ; Type I hepatic transport of cationic drugs ; 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The kidneys and the liver are the principal organs for the inactivation of circulating organic cations. Recently, an organic cation transporter (OCT1) has been cloned from rat kidney. In order to answer the question whether OCT1 is involved also in hepatic uptake of organic cations, the pharmacological characteristics of organic cation transport in hepatocytes were compared to the characteristics of transiently expressed OCT1. Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes avidly accumulated the small organic cation 3H-1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (3H-MPP+). At equilibrium, the hepatocytes accumulated 3H-MPP+ 56-fold. Initial rates of specific 3H-MPP+ transport in hepatocytes were saturable. The half-saturating concentration was 13 μmol/l. 3H-MPP+ transport was sensitive to quinine (Ki = 0.79 μmol/l) and cyanine863 (Ki = 0.097 μmol/l). Quinine and cyanine863 are known inhibitors of type I hepatic transport of cationic drugs and of renal excretion of organic cations, respectively. To compare the functional characteristics of 3H-MPP+ transport in hepatocytes with those of OCT1, OCT1 has been heterologously expressed and characterized in a mammalian cell line (293 cells). Initial rates of 3H-MPP+ transport were saturable, the Km being 13 μmol/l. The rank order of inhibitory potencies of various inhibitors was almost identical in hepatocytes and 293 cells transiently transfected with OCT1. There was a positive correlation between the Ki’s for the inhibition of 3H-MPP+ transport in isolated hepatocytes and transfected 293 cells (r = 0.85; P〈0.01; n = 8). The results indicate that OCT1 is functionally expressed not only in the kidney but also in hepatocytes where it is responsible for the transport of small organic cations which, in the past, have been classified as type I substrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00171063
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative determination of toxic mono- and non-ortho polychlorinated biphenyls in cod liver oil after selective liquid chromatographic separation (1995)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 41 (1995), S. 585-593 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Column liquid chromatography ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Cod liver oil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary By application of a chromatographic column filled with Supelclean ENVI-Carb/Celite and elution with three solvents of different polarity three PCB fractions were obtained. Fraction A contained poly-ortho PCBs, Fraction B mono-ortho PCBs, and Fraction C non-ortho PCBs. The Supelclean ENVI-Carb/Celite column was used in combination with a sample preparation procedure for pre-cleaning of acid-stable chlorinated hydrocarbons such as DDT and its metabolites, HCH isomers, and regulation-relevant PCB congeners. The method was optimized using standard solutions of 55 PCB congeners, 8 chlorinated pesticides and contaminated cod liver oil samples. The influence of traces of remaining matrix on the elution profile of the organochlorine compounds on Supelclean ENVI-Carb/Celite was observed. Quantitation was carried out by GC-ECD with fused silica capillary columns of different polarity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02269724
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast and effective sample preparation for determination of organochlorine compounds in fatty tissue of marine mammals using microwave extraction (1996)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 42 (1996), S. 300-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Microwave extraction ; Sample clean-up ; Organochlorine compounds ; Blubber of marine mammals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A rapid and effective method is described for the extraction of organochlorine compounds (PCB 153, PCB 138, PCB 180, p,p′-DDE, α-HCH, γ-HCH, ε-HCH and HCB) from seal blubber and pork fat withn-hexane using a microwave technique. Heating of the non-polarn-hexane was achieved using a microwave transformer. The lipid content of the samples obtained by this extraction was identical to that by Soxhlet extraction. After separation of sample matrix and organochlorines on a silica gel column the organochlorine compounds were determined by GC-ECD. The efficiency of the method was tested with 500 mg spiked fat, extracted using various numbers of extraction cycles. Recoveries of organochlorine compounds in grey seal blubber and spiked pork fat generally exceeded 90 %.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290313
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enantioseparation of the compounds of technical toxaphene (CTTs) on 35% heptakis (6-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2,3-di-O-Methyl)-β-cyclodextrin in OV1701 (1998)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 47 (1998), S. 565-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Chiral stationary phases ; Enantioseparation ; Toxaphene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The separation of the enantiomers of the compounds of technical toxaphene (CTTs) on heptakis(6-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2,3-di-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin (β-TBDM) has been studied by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection (GC-ECD). Enantiomers of eight of the nine CTTs under investigation were separated on this chiral stationary phase. Separations of the enantioners of CTTs have hitherto been achieved ontert-butyldimethylsilylated β-cyclodextrin (β-BSCD). The chiral resolution values and separation factors of the CTTs on β-TBDM have been compared with those obtained on β-BSCD. Although several components coeluted, enantioselective determination of three CTTs was possible in an extract of seal blubber. For each CTT the first-eluting enantiomer was enantioenriched. Enantioselective accumulation of2-endo, 3-exo,5-endo,6-exo,-8,8,9,10-octachlorobornane (B8-1412) in biota has been established for the first time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02467496
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