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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 399-405 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polystyrene latex ; fluorescence ; solvent diffusion ; staining ; fluorescent probe ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A probe molecule, which shows an unusually large change in fluorescent properties in response to changes in its environment, was introduced into a monodisperse polystyrene latex. Upon addition of low-molecular-weight compounds, the ensuing swelling process of the latex could be followed via the changes in the fluorescence spectrum of the probe molecule. Polymerization reactions of monomers, introduced into the particles, could also be monitored by means of this approach. Using glycidylmethacrylate as the monomer led to the formation of particles in which two distinctly different surroundings could be detected after such a polymerization. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 25 (1996), S. 389-397 
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: molecular recognition ; molecular surface ; lipophilicity ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A survey of hydrophobic patches on the surface of 112 soluble, monomeric proteins is presented. The largest patch on each individual protein averages around 400 Å2 but can range from 200 to 1,200 Å2. These areas are not correlated to the sizes of the proteins and only weakly to their apolar surface fraction. Ala, Lys, and Pro have dominating contributions to the apolar surface for smaller patches, while those of the hydrophobic amino acids become more important as the patch size Increases. The hydrophilic amino acids expose an approximately constant fraction of their apolar area independent of patch size; the hydrophobic residue types reach similar exposure only in the larger patches. Though the mobility of residues on the surface is generally higher, it decreases for hydrophilic residues with Increasing patch size. Several characteristics of hydrophobic patches catalogued here should prove useful in the design and engineering of proteins. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 42 (1996), S. 973-982 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A model that makes it possible to evaluate the secondary nucleation rate in a pilot-scale industrial crystallizer is presented. It relates the secondary nucleation rate directly to the volume rate of attrition of large parent crystals. Two other terms are included in the equality, one that expresses the distribution formed by the attrition fragments, and the other that expresses a survival efficiency accounting for the percentage of attrition fragments that grow out after the attrition step. The model is further tested on a 970-L draft-tube-baffled evaporative crystallizer with ammonium sulfate as the model material used for crystallization and having an on-line crystal size-distribution measuring device.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: A density matrix evolution method [H. J. C. Berendsen and J. Mavri, J. Phys. Chem., 97, 13464 (1993)] to simulate the dynamics of quantum systems embedded in a classical environment is applied to study the inelastic collisions of a classical particle with a five-level quantum harmonic oscillator. We improved the numerical performance by rewriting the Liouville-von Neumann equation in the interaction representation and so eliminated the frequencies of the unperturbed oscillator. Furthermore, replacement of the fixed time step fourth-order Runge-Kutta integrator with an adaptive step size control fourth-order Runge-Kutta resulted in significantly lower computational effort at the same desired accuracy. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 18 (1997), S. 1463-1472 
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: constraints ; molecular dynamics ; Langevin dynamics ; SHAKE ; Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: In this article, we present a new LINear Constraint Solver (LINCS) for molecular simulations with bond constraints. The algorithm is inherently stable, as the constraints themselves are reset instead of derivatives of the constraints, thereby eliminating drift. Although the derivation of the algorithm is presented in terms of matrices, no matrix matrix multiplications are needed and only the nonzero matrix elements have to be stored, making the method useful for very large molecules. At the same accuracy, the LINCS algorithm is three to four times faster than the SHAKE algorithm. Parallelization of the algorithm is straightforward.   © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   J Comput Chem 18: 1463-1472, 1997
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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