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  • Articles  (33)
  • Chemistry  (33)
  • Electronic books
  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
  • Mice
  • 1995-1999  (33)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Constructing amino acid residue substitution classes maximally indicative of local protein structure (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 25 (1996), S. 28-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: protein evolution ; structure prediction ; information theory ; amino acid substitution ; multiple sequence alignment ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Using an information theoretic formalism, we optimize classes of amino acid substitution to be maximally indicative of local protein structure. Our statistically-derived classes are loosely identifiable with the heuristic constructions found in previously published work. However, while these other methods provide a more rigid idealization of physicochemically constrained residue substitution, our classes provide substantially more structural information with many fewer parameters. Moreover, these substitution classes are consistent with the paradigmatic view of the sequence-to-structure relationship in globular proteins which holds that the three-dimensional architecture is predominantly determined by the arrangement of hydrophobic and polar side chains with weak constraints on the actual amino acid identities. More specific constraints are imposed on the placement of prolines, glycines, and the charged residues. These substitution classes have been used in highly accurate predictions of residue solvent accessibility. They could also be used in the identification of homologous proteins, the construction and refinement of multiple sequence alignments, and as a means of condensing and codifying the information in multiple sequence alignments for secondary structure prediction and tertiary fold recognition. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.3
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of vinylidene group content in degraded polypropylene (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 3083-3086 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: vinylidene ; scission ; polypropylene ; controlled-rheology ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A parametric study of the terminal maleation of polypropylene through an Alder Ene reaction (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 2371-2380 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Alder Ene reaction ; polypropylene ; Lewis acid ; maleation ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study of the parameters that affect the Alder Ene reaction with respect to the synthesis of a terminally anhydride-functionalized polypropylene was carried out over a temperature range of 220-250°C using maleic anhydride concentrations of 2-12 mol equivalence with respect to the vinylidene group. As previously observed, a Lewis acid (i.e., SnCl2 · 2H2O) had a catalytic effect on the reaction at these temperatures, thereby improving anhydride content in the polymer for short reaction times. Increased temperature and maleic anhydride concentration had a positive effect on improving the incorporation of the succinyl anhydride moiety at the terminal site in polypropylene. Lower SnCl2 · 2H2O concentrations, likewise, improve the functionality of the product. The application of a second-order kinetic model to the measured succinyl anhydride results was not valid over the entire temperature range studied due to side reactions, particularly vinylidene isomerization, and homopolymerization of maleic anhydride. Ruthenium chloride has been examined as another possible catalyst candidate in the reaction and has been found to improve the level of anhydride incorporation in polypropylene compared to stannous chloride. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem. 36: 2371-2380, 1998
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predicting solvent accessibility: Higher accuracy using Bayesian statistics and optimized residue substitution classes (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 25 (1996), S. 38-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: protein structure prediction ; Bayesian statistics ; amino acid substitution ; information theory ; solvent accessibility ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We introduce a novel Bayesian probabilistic method for predicting the solvent accessibilities of amino acid residues in globular proteins. Using single sequence data, this method achieves prediction accuracies higher than previously published methods. Substantially improved predictions - comparable to the highest accuracies reported in the literature to date - are obtained by representing alignments of the example proteins and their homologs as strings of residue substitution classes, depending on the side chain types observed at each alignment position. These results demonstrate the applicability of this relatively simple Bayesian approach to structure prediction and illustrate the utility of the classification methodology previously developed to extract information from aligned sets of structurally related proteins. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.4
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cultivation of hybridoma cells in an inclined bioreactor (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45 (1995), S. 176-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: animal cell ; hybridoma cell ; shear ; cell damage ; bioreactor design ; inclination ; bubble column ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Murine hybridoma cells were grown in a bubble column that was inclined up to 45° from vertical. Inclining the column by a few degrees separated the rising bubbles against the upper surface, leaving the bulk of the liquid bubble free. The liquid was circulated well by the rising bubbles, but collection of cells by rising bubbles and exposure of cells to bursting bubbles were minimized. Maximum viable cell count and exponential growth of the cells were not affected by inclination, but an inclination of 30° gave an antibody titer of 42 mg/L, which more than doubled the yield of 17 mg/L in the vertical position. By comparison, the culture gave yields of 30 mg/L when grown in spinner flasks. The enhanced antibody production in the inclined bioreactor corresponded to a prolonged stationary phase of 45 h. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260450212
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling flow in disordered packed beds from pore-scale fluid mechanics (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 1377-1389 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Network models are an effective means of incorporating pore-scale heterogeneity into flow models of porous materials. The drawback to these models used to be the inability to obtain quantitative macroscopic parameters representing larger (experimental-scale) media. However, recently developed modeling techniques, combined with more widely available computational resources, make the simulation of macroscopic parameters from a network approach viable. A network model for the slow flow of an incompressible fluid in disordered packed beds is presented. Fundamental fluid mechanics equations are solved at the pore scale and then translated to macroscopic behaviour using a network approach. The results reproduce experimental permeabilities and show excellent quantitative fits to residence time distributions for mechanical dispersion in real beds. Simulations of the RTD are of special interest, because they are definitive links between pore-scale flow behavior and macroscopic responses.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690430602
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroluminescent properties of self-assembled polymer thin filmsThis work was supported by the New Jersey Commission of Science and Technology through the Advanced Technology Center for Photonic and Optoelectronic Materials (ATC/POEM), as well as the Princeton Materials Institute (PMI), the National Science Foundation MRL Program (DMR-91-20668, TMS and MJM). (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 7 (1995), S. 395-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19950070411
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of subcritical fluid chromatography for the separation of enantiomers using packed cellulose based stationary phase (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 8 (1996), S. 157-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Investigations into the parameters affecting the enantiomeric separation of an intermediate in the synthesis of a drug targeted for cardiac arrhythmia is presented. The separation was achieved under subcritical fluid chromatography using CO2 modified with methanol and co-modifiers isopropyl amine and methylene chloride. The stationary phase was a cellulose based stationary phase manufactured under the trade name Chiracel OB. The results showed the addition of methylene chloride had a noticeable effect on resolution while the separation factor, α, remained constant. The co-modifier, isopropyl amine, did not considerably influence the resolution, or separation factor. Temperature studies were performed in order to establish the thermodynamic parameters of the interaction between the enantiomers and the stationary phase. Plots of In k′ vs. 1/T proved to be curved, while plots of In α vs. 1/T were linear. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metal-Mediated Synthesis of Multidomain Ligands - A New Strategy for Metallosupramolecular Chemistry (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 1 (1995), S. 360-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: crystal structure ; polynuclear ; complexes ; ruthenium compounds ; supramolecular chemistry ; terpyridines ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The bridging ligand bis{4′-(2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridinyl)}ether (1) can be prepared in 69% yield from the reaction of 4′-chloro-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (3) with 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridin-4′(1′H)-one (2) in Me2NCHO in the presence of KOH. More conveniently, complexes of 1 can be prepared in situ by the reaction of 2 with a ruthenium(II) complex of 3 in the presence of K2CO3. This methodology has been developed for the synthesis of a range of mono-, di-, tri- and hexanuclear complexes with a variety of Xtpy (Xtpy = 4′-substituted 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine) terminator ligands. The molecular structure of 1 (a = 9.623(2), b = 11.241(1), c = 11.828(1) Å; space group P1; α = 93.064(9), β = 107.072(14), γ = 99.088(14)°; Z = 2, R = 0.0450, Rw = 0.0577) has been determined. The generality of the methodology may ultimately be limited by the sensitivity of the ether-linkage in 1 to attack by nucleophiles.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.19950010606
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficient Stereoselective Synthesis of Plasmenylcholines (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 2 (1996), S. 1505-1508 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: enol ethers ; phosphatidylcholine ; plasmenyl phospholipids ; total syntheses ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The first practical total chemical synthesis of a plasmenylcholine (1-O-1'-(Z)-hexadecenyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) with pure (Z) olefin stereochemistry is reported. Monopalmitin was doubly protected as the 3-TBDPS-2-TBDMS ethers (tert-butyldiphenylsilyl-, tert-butyldimethylsilyl-) and converted to the corresponding 1-O-1′-(Z)-hexadecenyl-2-TBDMS-3-TBDPS-glyceryl ether (by the method of ref. [43]). Clean deprotection with tetra-butylammonium fluoride in the presence of imidazole gave 1-O-1′-(Z)-hexadecenylglycerol in 〉90% yield. Resilylation with TBDPSCl followed by acylation of the sn-2 alcohol with palmitoyl chloride and deprotection of the resulting 3-TBDPS-2-hexadecanoyl-1-O-1′-(Z)-hexadecenylglycerol at -20°C with Bu4NF gave 2-hexadecanoyl-1-O-1′-(Z)-hexadecenylglycerol in 86% yield. The 3-phosphocholine group was attached by phosphorylating the free hydroxyl with 2-chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane in the presence of pyridine, instead of Et3N, as base to avoid acyl migration; the dioxaphospholane triester intermediate was subsequently cleaved with Me3N to give 1-O-1′-(Z)-hexadecenyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in 18% overall yield from monopalmitin. The efficiency and flexibility of this route makes it well-suited to the preparation of a wide variety of 1-, 2-, and 3-substituted as well as isotopically labeled plasmenylcholines for biophysical and biochemical studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.19960021205
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