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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 192 (1997), S. 219-226 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: barley ; bioremediation ; hydrocarbon ; hydrocarbon contamination ; plant growth ; soil contamination ; soil water ; soil water properties ; water repellency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Much effort has been focused on defining the end-point of bioremediated soils by chemical analysis toxicity tests. However, these tests do not assess the quality, or the capability, of soil to support plant growth after bioremediation. We studied the response of plants to hydrocarbon contaminants by camparing barley (Hordeum vulgare) growth on: (i) control soil, agricultural topsoil, (ii) oil-contaminated soil (40,000 mg kg−1 total extractable hydrocarbons, or TEH), and (iii) oil-contaminated soil treated by bioremediation (20,000 mg kg−1 TEH). Barley growth and yield was significantly reduced by oil-contamination. Bioremediation did not improve yield of barley and shoot dry mass was slightly reduced after bioremediation. The lack of effect from bioremediation is attributed to poor soil water sorption, which was negatively influenced by hydrocarbon residuals. We concluded that the soil-water relation is one of the most important factors in assessing endpoint of bioremediated soils for plant growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 192 (1997), S. 227-236 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: bioremediation ; hydrocarbon ; hydrocarbon contamination ; soil contamination ; soil water ; soil water properties ; water repellency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This study was conducted to investigate water movement in hydrocarbon contaminated soils. Three soils were studied, a hydrocarbon contaminated soil, the same soil after 3 years of bioremediation, and a control soil from the same site. There was a critical soil water content around 18% (bioremediated soil) and 20% (contaminated soil), above which the sorptivity of the contaminated soil was near that of the control soil. For soils with water contents below this value, there was a strong divergence in sorptivity between contaminated and control or bioremediated soils. Results suggest that water availability in contaminated soils will be highly dependent on soil water properties as water potential approaches the permanent wilting point (-1.5 MPa matrix potential). Infiltration of water into air dry (2% m.c. w/w) hydrocarbon contaminated soils was up to three orders of magnitude slower than for the control soil. For air dried soils, the infiltration rate of the contaminated and bioremediated soils was constant with time. This was in contrast to the control soil where infiltration rate was a function of the reciprocal of the square root of time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 41 (1995), S. 214-222 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Nucleation and growth of bubbles in porous media are important problems encountered in processes such as pressure depletion and boiling. Experiments and numerical simulations are studied in micromodel geometries to understand their basic aspects. Experiments of bubble growth by pressure depletion are carried out in 2-D etched-glass micromodels and in Hele-Shaw cells. Nucleation of bubbles and subsequent growth of gas clusters are visualized. Contrary to the bulk or Hele-Shaw cells, gas clusters in the micromodel have irregular and ramified shapes and share many of the features of an external invasion process (such as percolation during drainage). A pore network numerical model developed simulates the growth of multiple gas clusters under various conditions. It is based on the solution of the convection-diffusion equation and accounts for capillary and viscous forces, which play an important role in determining growth patterns. Numerical simulation agrees well with the experimental results.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 41 (1995), S. 1534-1542 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In recent years, the circulating fluidized bed as a reactor has experienced increasing application in industry. A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) has some unique features as a chemical reactor. The performance of the CEB reactor was investigated in a O.25-m-dia. Riser system with ozone decomposition in the reactor. Both axial and radial profiles of ozone concentration are presented, as well as overall conversions under various reaction conditions. The effects of the operating conditions on the performance of the CFB reactor were examined. The experimental results show that the performance of a circulating fluidized bed as a reactor is much nearer to that of a well-mixed system than that of a plug-flow system. The effectiveness factor of the reactor seems to decrease with increase of solids holdup in the reactor.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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