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  • Schizophrenia  (3)
  • Cardiac disease  (1)
  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Lebensqualität ; Metaanalyse ; Depressive ; Schizophrene ; Facettenanalyse ; Modulares System ; Key words Quality of life ; Metaanalysis ; Depression ; Schizophrenia ; Facet analysis ; Modular system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The construct Quality of Life (QoL) is investigated by metaanalysis of eight (inter)nationally validated questionnaires in a multicenter study. Data have been collected in a mentally healthy (n=479), a depressed (n=171) and a schizophrenic (n=139) sample. Conventional psychometric criteria and a facet analytical methodology have been applied. The resulting questionnaire „Modular System for Quality of Life” (MSQoL) consists of a core module with 47 items (one „G-factor” and six subdimensions), which is sufficiently valid for all three samples. Additionally, there are four specific modules (demography, family, partnership, profession). No specific modules can be identified for the psychopathological subgroups. The validated radex structure for subjective QoL offers the opportunity for a cumulative research design and for adaptations to the actual setting.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer von der Arbeitsgruppe „Lebensqualität (LQ)” der „Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Methodik und Dokumentation in der Psychiatrie” (AMDP) unterstützten multizentrischen Studie wird das Konstrukt Lebensqualität (LQ) anhand von acht (inter)national validierten Erhebungsinstrumenten sowie einer gesunden (n=479), einer depressiven (n=171) und einer schizophrenen (n=139) Stichprobe metaanalytisch untersucht. Neben herkömmlichen psychometrischen Kriterien liegt der methodische Schwerpunkt dabei auf einem facettenanalytischen Vorgehen. Der resultierende Fragebogen „Modulares System zur Lebensqualität” (MSLQ) besteht aus einem für alle 3 Stichproben hinreichend validen Kernmodul mit 47 Items (ein „G-Faktor” und 6 Subdimensionen) sowie 4 spezifischen Modulen (Demographie, Familie, Partnerschaft, Beruf). Für die psychopathologischen Subgruppen lassen sich keine spezifischen Module etablieren. Die validierte Struktur der subjektiv eingeschätzten Lebensqualität (in Form einer facettenanalytischen Radexkonstellation) bietet die Möglichkeit zu einer kumulativ angelegten Forschung und einer untersuchungsspezifischen Anpassung des MSLQ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 68 (1997), S. 591-592 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Mianserin ; Tranylcypromin ; Kardiale Vorschädigung ; Hypertone Blutdruckwerte ; Key words Mianserin ; Tranylcypromine ; Cardiac disease ; Hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary As compared to other tri- and tetracyclics, antidepressant therapy in patients suffering also from cardiac disease with mianserin is known to be relatively safe. Hypertensive effects of mianserin have not been described so far. We report a case of a 64 years old patient with a dilatative cardiomyopathy and left anterior hemiblock, who developed hypertension (maximum: 180/125 mmHg) during mianserin treatment. Previous treatment with tranylcypromine has been stopped two weeks before. After discontinuance of mianserin blood pressure rapidly came back to normal values. The possible noradrenergic and serotonergic mechanisms of this phenomenon are discussed in relation to pretreatment with tranylcypromine.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mianserin gilt in der antidepressiven Behandlung von kardial vorgeschädigten Patienten im Vergleich zu anderen tri- und tetrazyklischen Antidepressiva als eher unbedenklich. Blutdrucksteigernde Wirkungen sind nicht zu erwarten. Im dargestellten Fall wurde ein 64jähriger Patient mit vorbekannter dilatativer Kardiomyopathie und Linksschenkelblock nach Vorbehandlung mit Tranylcypromin auf Mianserin umgestellt, woraufhin sich eine medikamentös nur schwer zu beeinflussende hypertone Blutdrucksteigerung (Maximum: 180/125 mmHg) entwickelte. Nach Absetzen von Mianserin kam es zu einer raschen Blutdrucknormalisierung. Die der Blutdrucksteigerung zugrundeliegenden möglichen noradrenergen und serotonergen Wirkmechanismen werden auf dem Hintergrund der Vorbehandlung mit Tranylcypromin diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Amisulpride ; Atypical antipsychotic ; Schizophrenia ; Haloperidol ; Productive symptoms ; Secondary negative symptoms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Amisulpride is a substituted benzamide with high selectivity for dopaminergic D2 and D3 receptors. This study compared 800 mg/day amisulpride and 20 mg/day haloperidol in patients with acute exacerbations of schizophrenia. This multicenter, double-blind trial involved 191 patients allocated, after a 1 to 7-day wash-out period, to amisulpride (n = 95) or haloperidol (n = 96) for 6 weeks. Improvement of mean BPRS total score was 48% for amisulpride and 38% for haloperidol (NS), whereas improvement in the Negative PANSS subscale was greater in the amisulpride group (37%) compared to haloperidol (24%) (P = 0.038). CGI scores showed a higher number of responders in the amisulpride (62%) than in the haloperidol group (44%) (P = 0.014). More extrapyramidal symptoms measured with the Simpson-Angus scale were provoked in the haloperidol group (P = 0.0009). Amisulpride is at least as effective as haloperidol in the treatment of acute exacerbations of schizophrenia, and is more effective in the treatment of negative symptoms whilst causing less parkinsonism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 249 (1999), S. 305-312 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Key words Corpus callosum ; Schizophrenia ; MRI ; Etiology of schizophrenia ; Family history
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Previous MRI studies have shown differences in corpus callosum size between schizophrenic patients and controls. The corpus callosum (CC), as the main interhemispheric fiber tract, plays an important role in interhemispheric integration and communication. Though MRI studies suggest smaller CC in schizophrenia, there are still conflicting findings. Using in vivo magnetic resonance imaging, it was investigated whether the midsagittal area of CC differs between twenty-three right-handed male schizophrenic patients and twenty-three matched controls. Total CC area, five subregions of CC, total brain volume, gray and white matter were measured. No differences between schizophrenic patients and controls were found regarding all CC measurements, total brain volume, and gray matter tissue. However, a significant reduction of white matter tissue in the patient group emerged. There was no correlation between CC morphology and clinical variables such as age of onset, length of illness or symptom severity. Interestingly, five schizophrenic patients with a positive family history of schizophrenia showed significant reduction of the subregion C3, associated with a reduced total brain and gray and white matter volume. Significant reduction in the CC and its subregions was not confirmed in this group of patients with schizophrenia. In the subgroup of schizophrenic patients with a positive family history of schizophrenia, a significant reduction of the subregion corresponding to a part of the trunk of the CC was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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