ISSN:
1432-2048
Keywords:
Key words:Centaurium (cell cultures)
;
Benzophenone cyclization (2
;
3′
;
4
;
6-tetrahydroxybenzophenone)
;
Cyto-chrome P450 oxidase
;
Hypericum (cell cultures)
;
Oxidative phenol coupling (regioselective couplings)
;
Xanthone synthase
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Biology
Notes:
Abstract. A crucial step in plant xanthone biosynthesis is the cyclization of an intermediate benzophenone to a xanthone. In cultured cells of Centaurium erythraea RAFN, 2,3′,4,6-tetrahydroxybenzophenone (THBP) was shown to be intramolecularly coupled to 1,3,5-trihydroxyxanthone, whereas in cell cultures of Hypericum androsaemum L. it was coupled to form the isomeric 1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone. These regioselective cyclizations that occur ortho and para, respectively, to the 3′-hydroxy group of the benzophenone depend on cytochrome P 450, as shown by the effectiveness of established P 450 inhibitors and blue-light-reversible carbon monoxide inhibition. Furthermore, the reactions absolutely require NADPH and O2. The underlying reaction mechanism is probably an oxidative phenol coupling that is catalyzed regioselectively by xanthone synthases. These enzymes are proposed to be cytochrome P 450 oxidases. The intramolecular cyclizations of THBP to 1,3,5- and 1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthones catalyzed by the two xanthone synthases represent an important branch point in the plant xanthone biosynthetic pathway.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050230
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