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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (5)
  • Mathematical programming  (3)
  • 1995-1999  (8)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 95 (1997), S. 189-208 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Mathematical programming ; variational inequalities ; interior-point method ; path-following method ; barrier function method ; network equilibrium problem
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Recently, several interior-point methods have been developed under a scaled Lipschitz condition which may be strong in general. In this paper, we develop a modified path-following scheme which does not require the above condition. Its global convergence is proved under only the assumptions of monotonicity and differentiability of the mapping. The scheme is adapted to the network equilibrium problem (a nonlinear multicommodity network flow problem) with a simplicial decomposition technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 99 (1998), S. 509-531 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Mathematical programming ; variational inequalities ; Newton method ; interior-point methods ; path-following methods ; barrier-function methods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we present a long-step primal path-following algorithm and prove its global convergence under usual assumptions. It is seen that the short-step algorithm is a special case of the long-step algorithm for a specific selection of the parameters and the initial solution. Our theoretical result indicates that the long-step algorithm is more flexible. Numerical results indicate that the long-step algorithm converges faster than the short-step algorithm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 85 (1995), S. 347-362 
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Mathematical programming ; variational inequalities ; projection methods ; decomposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we first discuss the global convergence of symmetric projection methods for solving nonlinear monotone variational inequalities under a cocoercivity assumption. A similar analysis is applied to asymmetric projection methods, when the mapping is affine and monotone. Under a suitable choice of the projection matrix, decomposition can be achieved. It is proved that this scheme achieves a linear convergence rate, thus enhancing results previously obtained by Tseng (Ref. 1) and by Luo and Tseng (Ref. 2).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 149-156 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: A series of copper bilirubinate complexes (CuBR) was synthesized in solution and in solid state to mimic the black color of the black-pigment gallstone and to explore the formation mechanism of the gallstonein vitro. The variation of the copper contents of these samples indicated that CuBR also exhibits nonstoichiometric characteristics from the FTIR study, i.e., both the so-called acid and neutral copper complex moieties exist in CuBR. The NH groups in pyrrole and lactam groups of bilirubin (H2BR) are binding to the copper ions. An EPR study demonstrates the generation of free radicals and the variation of its electronic structure and conjugation system in the skeleton of H2BR molecule during complex formation. A polymer of CuBR may form through the reaction of H2BR with copper ions. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: brown pigment stone ; PAGE ; mid-IR spectroscopy ; far IR spectroscopy ; FT-Raman ; bezoar ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Spectroscopic studies of various types of gallstones carried out in China are reviewed. Three basic classes of gallstones are surveyed: cholesterol stones, brown pigment stones, and black pigment stones. The emphasis of this review is on brown gallstones. The primary spectroscopic methods used in the studies surveyed are Fourier transform infrared absorption and Fourier transform Raman scattering. Chemical components studied in gallstones include cholesterol, bile pigments, glycoproteins, proteins, bilirubin metal complexes, and salts of calcium and other metals. Further studies are needed characterize the relationship of these components to more complex features of gallstones. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 371-380, 1997
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 1 (1995), S. 291-296 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Deoxycholic acid is an important physiological bile acid. The binding of bile salts with metal ions has received more attention due to its clinical significance. In this study, a series of copper and zinc deoxycholate complexes were synthesized. EXAFS and FTIR spectroscopic techniques were used for characterization. The results indicated that both the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of deoxycholic acid are binding to the Cu (or Zn) ion to form a new complex. There are six oxygen atoms surrounding the metal ion with the average bond lengths of Cu-O and Zn-O are 1.95 and 2.06 Å respectively. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: cholelithiasis ; gallstone ; bile salts ; periodic precipitation ; fractal precipitation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: This is the first observation that both chaotic and periodic patterns are formed in metal ions-deoxycholate-gel systems. It is an in vitro model for approximating the conditions present during gallstone formation. The experimental results suggest that a nonlinear scientific concept such as the “butterfly effect” should be considered in understanding gallstone formation. This effect suggests that a butterfly flapping its wings in Beijing today may lead to a thunderstorm in New York months later. Applying this concept to biology, minor changes in the local chemical environment within biological systems may lead to large variations in the structure and morphology of gallstone through changes in the behavior of biological mineralization process. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospect 3: 195-205, 1997
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: black pigment gallstone ; FTIR ; EPR ; nonlinear phenomena ; vibrational mode ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Further spectroscopic studies of gallstones are reviewed with an emphasis on the formation of black pigment gallstones. This type of gallstone appears mainly in Western countries, with only 3% of the cholelithiasis patients in China having black gallstones. Fourier transform infrared absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance are used as spectroscopic probes of gallstones and their metal bilirubinate components. Nonlinear phenomena in gallstone formation were investigated through the appearance of ring structure in gallstones and fractal patterns in the formation in the precipitates of bile salt systems. Although a complete understanding of gallstone formation has not yet been achieved, interesting progress toward this goal has been made recently. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 381-391, 1997
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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