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  • Springer  (3)
  • 1995-1999  (3)
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  • Springer  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meiobenthos in mangrove areas in eastern Africa with emphasis on assemblage structure of free-living marine nematodes (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 312 (1995), S. 47-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A survey was conducted to examine spatial variations in the population density of major meiofaunal taxa and the assemblage structure of free-living marine nematodes within 5 mangrove areas on the west and east coast of Zanzibar. Meiofauna densities in surface sediments (0–5 cm) ranged from 205 to 5263 ind. 10 cm2, being on average 1493 ind. 10 cm2. Of the 17 major taxa recorded, nematodes dominated (64–99%) in all samples while harpacticoid copepods were usually second most abundant. Within all areas the numbers of meiofauna were very variable and significant differences among areas were only detected for oligochaetes and turbellarians. Densities of nematodes, harpacticoids, polychaetes and turbellarians were, however, significantly (P〈0.001) higher at low water stations compared with mid and high water stations. Harpacticoids were negatively correlated with the numbers of fiddler crab (Uca spp.) burrows. Other correlations between environmental factors (grain size, temperature, salinity, oxygen tension, prop root density, fiddler crab burrows) and major meiofaunal taxa were non-significant. A total of 94 nematode genera were recorded from four mangrove areas. The most abundant and frequent genera were Microlaimus and Spirinia, followed by Desmodora and Metachromadora. Representatives of the genera most common in current study are found all over the globe. There was a high variation in nematode assemblage structure within and between sampling areas indicating the absence of a well defined nematode assemblage confined to mangrove areas. In a hypersaline area diversity was much reduced and where salinity was over 100%. the fauna was restricted to 3 nematode genera, Microlaimus, Theristus and Bathylaimus. Multidimensional scaling ordination (MDS) of the nematode genera separated samples taken from low water stations from other stations, the assemblage structure being significantly different at the low water stations. Numbers of selective deposit feeders were negatively correlated with average grain size and positively correlated with silt content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00018886
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soft-bottom fauna with emphasis on nematode assemblage structure in a tropical intertidal lagoon in Zanzibar, eastern Africa: I. spatial variability (1999)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 405 (1999), S. 133-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Soft-bottom ; macrofauna ; meiofauna ; Nematoda ; tropical lagoon ; spatial distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Twenty stations were sampled in a reef-protected lagoon on the east coast of Zanzibar from a variety of habitats: seagrass beds, fine sand, bare medium sand and coarse sand. Total meiofauna densities ranged from 219 to 3422 ind./10 cm2. Stations in the upper lagoon (〈 400 m from shore) had relatively higher densities of meiofauna than those of other habitats, apart from seagrass beds. Of the 12 major taxa recorded, Nematoda normally was the most abundant taxon, contributing between 13% and 97% of total fauna, followed by Harpacticoida, Polychaeta and Turbellaria. Nematodes were dominated by epistrate feeders in all habitat-types and altogether 100 nematode genera were found within the lagoon. Clear nematode assemblage structures were depicted by non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination in seagrass bed, fine sand and coarse sand habitats. On a larger scale, sediment characteristics seem to determine the gross assemblage structure. Samples from the same station were more similar in terms of generic occurrence and population structure than samples from different stations in similar habitats. This indicates that there are localised factors influencing the nematode populations on a small scale in each habitat-type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003874122971
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reef fish assemblages in north-western Sri Lanka: distribution patterns and influences of fishing practises (1997)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 49 (1997), S. 45-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: habitat structure ; habitat partitioning ; sandstone reef ; coral reef ; fish community ; zonation ; human disturbance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The distribution and abundance of reef fishes in relation to habitat structure were studied within Bar Reef Marine Sanctuary (BRMS) and on an adjacent reef, disturbed by destructive fishing techniques, in north-western Sri Lanka, by visually censusing 135 species groups using fifty metre belt-transects. Two types of continental shelf patch-reefs are found in the study area: coral reefs and sandstone reefs, which are divided into distinct habitats, four for the coral reef (shallow reef flat, shallow patch reef, deep reef flat and Porites domes) and two for the sandstone reef (structured sandstone-reef and flat sandstone-reef). Fish assemblages varied in structure between reef types and among habitats within reef types. Functional aspects of habitat structure and composition, such as available food and shelter, seemed to be important factors influencing distribution patterns. The strongest separation in the organisation of fish assemblages in BRMS was between reef types: 19% of all species were confined to the coral-reef patches while 22% were restricted to the sandstone reef patches and 59% were represented on both reef types. In terms of distribution among habitats, 21% of all species were restricted to one habitat while only 1.5% were present in all. The highest density of fish was in the coral reef habitats while highest species diversity was found in the most structurally complex habitat: the structured sandstone-reef. This habitat also had the highest proportion of species with restricted distribution. Planktivores were the most abundant trophic group in BRMS, and the species composition of the group varied among habitats. The comparison of the disturbed reef with BRMS suggested that habitat alteration caused by destructive fishing methods has strongly influenced the fish community. Within the fished area the structure of the fish assemblages was more heterogeneous, fish abundance was lower by an order of magnitude and species numbers were lower than in BRMS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007309230416
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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