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  • Springer  (2)
  • Taylor & Francis  (2)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (1)
  • 1995-1999  (5)
Document type
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Associational resistance and shared doom: effects of epibiosis on herbivory (1995)
    Springer
    Oecologia 102 (1995), S. 329-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Fouling ; Epibiosis ; Host-epibiont-herbivore interactions ; Plant-hervivore interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The potential for spatial associations between palatable and unpalatable plant species to reduce herbivore pressure on the palatable species has been described as associational resistance, associational refuge or associational defense for numerous terrestrial and marine communities. One of the closest associations between species-epibiosis-has not been thoroughly investigated in this regard. In this study we evaluated how different associations between host seaweeds and epibiotic plants and animals influenced the movement of an omnivorous sea urchin (Arbacia punctulata) to the host and subsequent feeding on the host. A. punctulata showed clear preferences when given pairwise choices between 12 prey species (3 animals, 9 algae). These preferences were consistent and allowed us to rank the six epibiont species and six host species linearly from least to most preferred by A. punculata. Most host-epibiont associations dramatically changed urchin preference, increasing or decreasing urchin grazing on fouled hosts as compared to clean conspecifics. Herbivory on the host increased when the epibiont was more preferred, and decreased when it was less preferred than the unfouled host alga. Taking the host species as a point of reference, we classified epibiosis-caused decrease in herbivory as associational resistance, while epibiont-caused increases in herbivory were defined as shared doom. These epibiont-host-herbivore interactions could select for hosts that facilitate the growth of certain low preference epibionts on their surfaces in situations where the resulting decreases in herbivory would offset the various negative effects of being fouled. In contrast, in situations where herbivores are common, the negative effects of being fouled by palatable epibionts may be much greater than is generally assumed. In our assays, unpalatable hosts fouled by palatable epibionts became much more attractive to urchins and rose several ranks on the urchins' preference hierarchy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329800
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Unknown
    Non‐toxic protection against epibiosis (1998)
    Taylor & Francis
    In:  Biofouling, 12 (1-3). pp. 205-226.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-23
    Description: Epibiosis on four marine benthic invertebrate species was found to be reduced relative to other nearby surfaces, suggesting the existence of an underlying protection against fouling. In all four cases, toxic chemical antifouling defenses were wanting or inconsistent. However, the lack of epibionts could be attributed to the existence of non‐toxic protective properties in all instances, viz. periodic emergence and mutual grazing in the gastropod, Littorina littorea, cumulative filtration and an as yet unidentified fouling‐reducing property of the periostracum of the bivalve Mytilus edulis, repellency and, possibly, mucus secretion in the colonial ascidian, Cystodytes lobatus, burrowing, periodic emergence (intertidal individuals) and moulting in the crustacean, Carcinus maenas. It seems that such protective systems are often multiple, consisting of several, more or less overlapping, adaptations to reduce fouling. Characteristics of these non‐toxic, multiple protection systems and their significance for potential epibionts are discussed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    DOI: 10.1080/08927019809378355
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Effects of epibiosis on consumer-prey interactions (1997)
    Springer
    In:  Hydrobiologia, 355 (1/3). pp. 49-59.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-12
    Description: In many benthic communities predators play a crucial role in the population dynamics of their prey. Surface characteristics of the prey are important for recognition and handling by the predator. Because the establishment of an epibiotic assemblage on the surface of a basibiont species creates a new interface between the epibiotized organism and its environment, we hypothesised that epibiosis should have an impact on consumer-prey interactions. In separate investigations, we assessed how epibionts on macroalgae affected the susceptibility of the latter to herbivory by the urchin Arbacia punctulata and how epibionts on the blue mussel Mytilus edulis affected its susceptibility to predation by the shore crab Carcinus maenas. Some epibionts strongly affected consumer feeding behavior. When epibionts were more attractive than their host, consumer pressure increased. When epibionts were less attractive than their host or when they were repellent, consumer pressure decreased. In systems that are controlled from the top-down, epibiosis can strongly influence community dynamics. For the Carcinus/Mytilus system that we studied, the insitu distribution of epibionts on mussels reflected the epibiosis-determined preferences of the predator. Both direct and indirect effects are involved in determining these epibiont-prey-consumer interactions.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1023/A:1003054802699
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Indirect effects of epibiosis on host mortality: Seastar predation on differently fouled mussels (1999)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Marine Ecology, 20 (1). pp. 35-47.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-14
    Description: In situ experiments were run with the seastar Asterias rubens to investigate the influence of epibiosis on predation preferences. Mussels (Mytilus edulis) monospecifically fouled by different epibiont species (the barnacle Balanus improvisus, the red filamentous alga Ceramium strictum, the sponge Halichondria panicea and the hydrozoan Laomedea flexuosa) and macroscopically clean mussels were exposed and seastar predation was monitored by SCUBA. Asterias rubens preferred macroscopical unfouled mussels as prey. Fouling generally reduced predation pressure on the mussel hosts (associational resistance). Barnacles protected mussels less efficiently than hydrozoans or algae. We hypothesize that in top-down controlled communities this influence of epibiosis on predation pressure should affect mussel community patterns. A survey of natural mussel-epibiont distribution in the presence or absence of A. rubens showed that the prevalence of differently fouled mussels differed between predation-exposed and predation-protected habitats. Natural mussel-epibiont associations reflected the preferential predation of the major local predators. Additionally, higher epibiotic diversity and evenness could be observed at locations accessible to benthic predators as compared with habitats protected from predation. As blue mussels and seastars are important structuring and controlling elements in the shallow water community of Kiel Fjord, major consequences of epibiosis on the entire system are discussed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0485.1999.00063.x
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Colonization patterns at the substratum-water interface: how does surface microtopography influence recruitment patterns of sessile organisms? (1999)
    Taylor & Francis
    In:  Biofouling, 14 (3). pp. 237-248.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-19
    Description: The “rugophilic”; behaviour (e.g. the preference for settling in concavities) of barnacles is well documented. In contrast, little is known about settlement preferences of other species with regard to surface microtopography. In a randomized block design, five different rugosities (smooth, 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 5 mm) were exposed to natural fouling in the Baltic Sea. In four experiments, test panels were colonized by Mytilus edulis, Polydora dliata, Balanus improvisus, diatoms, hydrozoa, bryozoa, and several ciliates. Settlement densities and microtopographical preferences for pits or elevations as a function of grain size were evaluated. Rugosities influenced settlement densities and the microtopographical preferences of almost all investigated species. Settlement densities were generally lowest on smooth panels, with most species showing distinct preferences for different rugosities. While a preference for pits was frequent, in some species the proportion of individuals settling on elevations significantly increased with roughness. These data on microtopographical preferences of different species give new insights into interactions between settlement behaviour, surface roughness, boundary layer hydrodynamics and community structure.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    DOI: 10.1080/08927019909378415
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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