GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 69 (1999), S. 233-237 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.10.-h; 81.15Pq; 61.82.-d
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Copper single-crystals are grown by a galvanic method, using etched ion tracks in a polymer foil as templates. The copper deposition is carried out by reversible pulse electrolysis in an ultrasonic field. The method applied for this purpose permits fabrication of stable standing cylindrical single crystals with diameters in the nanometer and micrometer range with high aspect ratio and density of 105–107 per cm2 on a large area. The experimental results obtained in this way are compared with the results obtained by direct current plating under ultrasonic treatment and sole reversible electrolysis. The effects of all these deposition processes on the structure of copper claddings are shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Colorectal liver metastases ; Non-colorectal liver metastases ; Intra-arterial chemotherapy ; Portal chemotherapy ; Regional chemotherapy in combination with temporary occlusion. ; Schlüsselwörter: Colorectale Lebermetastasen ; nicht colorectale Lebermetastasen ; intraarterielle Chemotherapie ; portale Chemotherapie ; intraperitoneale Chemotherapie ; regionale Chemotherapie in Kombination mit passagerer Occlusion.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Eine Metastasierung kann bei zahlreichen Tumoren zunächst auf die Leber beschränkt sein. Bei nichtresektablen Befunden wurden zahlreiche regionale Therapiemodalitäten insbesondere die intraarterielle (i.a.) Chemotherapie vorteilhafter als eine systemische Behandlung angesehen, während nur in Ausnahmen eine portale oder intraperitoneale Therapie erfolgreich war. Nach Weiterentwicklung der arteriellen Langzeittherapie mit Fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR) und dem Einsatz implantierbarer Pumpen oder Portsysteme konnte bei Lebermetastasen colorectaler Tumoren eine hohe Ansprechrate erreicht werden. Eine Verlängerung der Überlebenszeit konnte aber nur im Vergleich mit einer lediglich symptomatisch behandelten Kontrollgruppe bewiesen werden. Aufgrund einer hohen lokalen Toxizität der i. a. FUdR-Therapie über 14 Tage, wie chemischer Hepatitis und biliärer Sklerose, wurde in Europa eine effektive i. a. folinsäuremodulierte 5-Fluorouracil-Therapie entwickelt. Der randomisierte Vergleich zeigte eine Überlegenheit dieser i. a. 5-FU-Therapie vs. i. a. FUdR. Gegenüber einer systemischen 5-FU/FS-Therapie profitierten jedoch nur Patienten mit einem Tumorvolumen 〈 25 % in der Subgruppenanalyse. Die Wertigkeit der arteriellen Behandlung bleibt trotz hoher Ansprechraten fraglich. Über eine arterielle Behandlung von Mamma-, Magen- oder Carcinoidlebermetastasen liegen nur wenige Berichte vor. Somit stellt die i. a. Therapie als primäre Option außerhalb von Studien kein Standardverfahren dar. Die zahlreichen Erfahrungen und neue Substanzen ermöglichen aber die Konzeption attraktiver regionaler Studien.
    Notes: Summary. In numerous tumors, metastasis can be limited to the liver. In non-resectable patients, regional treatment modalities, especially arterial cytostatic infusion, are favored in contrast to systemic chemotherapy, whereas intraportal or intraperitoneal application is not successful. Improved results with high response rates have been reported after development of intra-arterial (i.a.) long-term regimens with FUdR in patients with colorectal liver metastases using implantable pumps and ports. However, a survival benefit could only be demonstrated in comparison with a control group only treated symptomatically. Because of several reports on major local toxicity of i. a. FUdR treatment (i.e. chemical hepatitis and biliary sclerosis) several other effective i. a. 5-FU regimens have been developed. A randomized study has demonstrated superiority of i. a. 5-FU versus i. a. FUdR. In comparison with systemic treatment, superiority has only been demonstrated in patients with an intrahepatic tumor burden of 〈 25 %. Publications about regional treatment of patients with breast, gastric cancer or carcinoid liver metastases are rare. Despite the high response rates reported, the benefit of arterial chemotherapy remains questionable. Overall, local long-term chemotherapy cannot be recommended outside of studies as a primary treatment. However, extensive experience and new drugs support the idea of conducting further regional studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Gynäkologe 30 (1997), S. 671-678 
    ISSN: 1433-0393
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Gynäkologe 32 (1999), S. 761-767 
    ISSN: 1433-0393
    Keywords: Key words Doppler sonography • Preeclampsia • Screening • Intrauterine growth retardation • Intrauterine growth restriction • Trophoblast invasion • Redistribution • Circulatory decompensation ; Schlüsselwörter Dopplersonographie • Präeklampsie • ; Gestose • Screening • Wachstumsretardierung • Trophoblastinvasion • Redistribution • Kreislaufdekompensation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Dopplersonographie hat sich als diagnostische Methode bei Risikoschwangerschaften etabliert. Eines ihrer Hauptzielgebiete ist die Präeklampsie. Die klinische Bedeutung der Dopplersonographie beruht darauf, daß sie einerseits als Screeningmethode, andererseits als diagnostische Methode eingesetzt werden kann. Die Blutströmungsanalyse an uteroplazentaren Arterien im 2. Trimester ermöglicht es, solche Schwangerschaften zu identifizieren, bei denen die Trophoblastinvasion gestört ist, d. h. nicht vollständig erfolgt ist. Da sich unter diesen Schwangerschaften ein erheblicher Anteil derjenigen mit späterer Mangelentwicklung des Feten und mit Präeklampsie der Mutter befindet, wird die Dopplersonographie der uteroplazentaren Arterien als Screeningmethode evaluiert. Die vorgestellten Zahlen zeigen, daß in unserer Bevölkerung ca. 50 % der Frauen identifizierbar wären, die später eine Präeklampsie entwickeln. Keine andere Methode weist eine derartig hohe Trefferquote auf. Zum anderen kann mit dopplersonographischen Untersuchungen bei manifester Präeklampsie einerseits auf die Pathophysiologie rückgeschlossen werden, andererseits kann ein recht genaues Bild von der Versorgungssituation und den aktuellen Anpassungsvorgängen des Feten erstellt werden. Dies ist heute die Basis eines optimalen Managements. Besonders in kritischen Situationen, wie sie leicht im Rahmen der Präeklampsie bestehen können, erweist sich die Dopplersonographie als große Hilfe.
    Notes: Summary Doppler sonography is now an established method in the care of risk pregnancies, especially in cases with preeclampsia. Its clinical importance is based both on its use as a diagnostic tool and as a screening method. In manifest preeclampsia Doppler sonography gives insight into the pathophysiological background, especially placental pathology. Additionally, the present hemodynamic situation of the fetus and its change can be monitored accurately. The adequacy of the fetal reaction determines clinical decisions in modern obstetrics. It is particularly useful in the critical situations which are common during preeclampsia. Doppler sonography is currently also being evaluated as a screening method to identify pregnancies with incomplete trophoblast invasion by examining blood flow in the uteroplacental arteries during the second trimester. Recent studies indicate that roughly half of the women who develop preeclampsia could be identified in such a screening.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: flow injection ; As, Se, Hg ; estuarine sediment ; standard reference material ; microwave-oven digestion ; CVAAS ; FIA-AAS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A flow-injection analysis atomic absorption spectrometric (FIA-AAS) method was developed for the determination of trace amounts of arsenic, selenium and mercury in a proposed estuarine sediment standard reference material (SRM 1646a). The samples were prepared in two manners: a) A wet digestion procedure with HNO3, H2SO4, and HClO4 using a reflux column and b) A microwave-oven digestion procedure utilizing HNO3, H2SO4, and HCl for As and Se, and HNO3 for Hg. Microwave-oven digestion provides results comparable to those found by reflux column digestion and reduces the sample preparation time by a factor of 10. The proposed method employing the microwave-oven digestion procedure coupled with FIA-AAS for As and Se, and FIA-CVAAS for Hg, has detection limits of 0.15 ng As/ml, O.17 ng Se/ml and 0.15 ng Hg/ml.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Human placenta ; Elastic fibres ; Stem villus blood vessels ; Light microscopy ; Semiquantitative analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In recent studies we described the presence of elastic-type blood vessels within trunci and rami chorii of human placental stem villi. For systemic and pulmonary hypertension it is known that elastic fibres are enhanced in arteries. The aim of our study was, therefore, to examine whether pre-eclampsia may lead to an increase of elastic tissue fibres in blood vessel walls of placental stem villi and whether there are differences in the thickness of blood vessel walls within these villi when compared to normotensive pregnant women. Twenty-six women with uncomplicated pregnancies and 25 patients with pre-eclampsia were investigated. Unfixed cryostat serial sections were processed for conventional orcein staining and for the demonstration of α-actin-immunoreactivity. The intensity of orcein staining of stem villus blood vessel walls was evaluated by a semiquantitative score method. Significant higher intensities of orcein staining (P〈0.00001) were calculated for blood vessel walls of placentae with pre-eclampsia. The amount of thick stem villus vessels (〉41 µm) increased during pre-eclampsia from 39 gestational weeks onwards. Our study demonstrates that segments of thick blood vessel walls and elastic-type vessel walls are increased in placental stem villi of patients with pre-eclampsia. This reaction may protect the fetal placental vessels and avert an increase of the fetal hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Anaesthesist 46 (1997), S. 850-855 
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Prämedikation ; Midazolam ; Adrenalin ; Kortisol ; Kinder ; Key words Premedication ; Midazolam ; Epinephrine ; Cortisol ; Child
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Anxiolysis with drugs and psychoprophylaxis are both recognised methods of preoperative preparation. The beneficial effects of anxiolytics, however, appear to be difficult to prove. In this study a comparison was made of heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and norepinephrine, epinephrine, and cortisol levels. In group I 19 children recieved only psychological treatment, while in group II 21 children received 0.2 mg/kg midazolam orally. Measuring points were directly before medication, 30 min afterward, and at induction of anaesthesia. During the observation period the patients (5–10 years old) remained calm. At the beginning of the study the parameters of all patients were within a normal range; 30 min after premedication the HR and BP were significantly higher in group I than in group II. In contrast to group I, epinephrine levels in group II were lower at the beginning of anaesthesia than before premedication. In both groups, norepinephrine levels were the same at induction of anaesthesia as before premedication. Cortisol decreased only in patients who received midazolam. HR, BP, as well as humoral stress parameters indicate that midazolam in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg orally is sufficient to reduce preoperative stress in children.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Sowohl Anxiolyse mit Medikamenten als auch psychische Führung sind anerkannte Methoden der präoperativen Vorbereitung. Ein Vorteil von Anxiolytika ist aber für Kinder schwer zu beweisen. Material und Methoden. In dieser Untersuchung wurden Herzfrequenz, Blutdruck, Noradrenalin, Adrenalin und Kortisol als Streßindikatoren zum Vergleich gewählt. Wir betreuten 19 Kinder in Gruppe I psychisch, 21 Kinder der Gruppe II erhielten Midazolam oral (0,2 mg/kg) zur Prämedikation. Die Meßpunkte lagen unmittelbar vor und 30 min nach Prämedikation sowie zu Narkosebeginn. Ergebnisse. Im Beobachtungszeitraum wirkten alle Kinder unauffällig mit vergleichbaren Ausgangswerten. 30 min nach psychischer Führung hatte diese Gruppe signifikant höhere Herzfrequenzen als die Vergleichsgruppe. Analog dazu zeigte sich der Blutdruck. Im Gegensatz zu Gruppe I blieben die Adrenalinspiegel in Gruppe II auch zur Narkoseeinleitung unter den Ausgangswerten. Die Noradrenalinspiegel glichen zu Narkosebeginn in beiden Gruppen der Ausgangssituation. Nur in der Midazolamgruppe blieb Kortisol bis zum Narkosebeginn unter den Ausgangswerten. Schlußfolgerungen. Herzfrequenz und Blutdruck sowie humorale Streßparameter zeigen, daß Midazolam in einer Dosierung von 0,2 mg/kg zu einer Streßreduktion bei Kindern führt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 94 (1997), S. 91-94 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Skeletal muscle ; Hamartoma ; Rhabdomyomas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 9-year-old, otherwise healthy girl presented with a 5-year history of pain in her right calf with retarded growth and development of an equinus contracture of her right leg. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an irregular mass with heterogeneous enhancement after contrast in her right triceps surae muscles, especially the soleus. Histological studies of this triceps surae muscle tissue revealed a haphazard distribution of adipose and connective tissue, striated and smooth muscle cells, vessels and lymphoid follicles, as well as nerve bundles which, together, were considered components of a hamartoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Remifentanil ; Alfentanil ; Risikopatienten ; kardiovaskuläre Allgemeinchirurgie ; Key words Remifentanil ; Alfentanil ; patients with cardiovascular disease ; Noncardiac surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Extubation and the immediate postoperative period are critical periods with strong sympatho-adrenergic stimulation. The aim of the present study was to investigate this period after balanced anaesthesia with remifentanil and alfentanil in cardiac risk patients. Methods: 52 patients with coronary artery disease or with risk factors for coronary heart disease scheduled for elective extraperitoneal and extrathoracic operation were included in this study. Anaesthesia was induced by intravenous administration of etomidate, vecuronium and remifentanil (n=27, 1 µg/kg) or alfentanil (n=25, 25 µg/kg). Anaesthesia was maintained with an Isoflurane/N2O/O2 mixture and by continuous intravenous infusion of remifentanil (0,25 µg/kg/min) or alfentanil (45 µg/kg/h). During the first 60 minutes after extubation haemodynamic parameters were monitored and catecholamines were determined at defined time intervals. Parameters of recovery, the requirement of analgesics and cardiac medications were compared in both groups. Myocardial ischaemia was assessed by two-channel Holter electrocardiography. Results: The beginning of spontaneous respiration and time of extubation were similar in both groups. The time interval until opening eyes and the time between the beginning of spontaneous respiration and extubation was shorter in the patients treated with remifentanil. In this group patients suffered earlier from pain and had a higher pain score. Although the plasma catecholamines were comparable in both groups, in the patients treated with remifentanil changes in haemodynamic parameters were more pronounced. The incidence of shivering and the requirements of analgesics and cardiac medications were higher in these patients. The incidence of ST–segment changes indicating myocardial ischaemia was similar. Conclusions: After balanced anaesthesia with remifentanil a more pronounced sympatho-adrenergic stimulation occurs because of the more rapid clearance of the analgesic effect in the recovery period compared to alfentanil requiring more analgesics and medications for the control of the haemodynamic parameters. Because of these specific pharmacological effects the use of remifentanil in cardiac risk patients has to be critically discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Extubation und frühpostoperative Phase gehören zu den kritischen Abschnitten im perioperativen Verlauf mit ausgeprägten sympathiko-adrenergen Reaktionen. Die vorliegende Studie sollte diese Phase nach balancierter Anästhesie mit Remifentanil im Vergleich zu Alfentanil bei kardiovaskulären Risikopatienten untersuchen. Methodik: Es wurden 52 Patienten mit koronarer Herzkrankheit oder dafür definierten Risikofaktoren einbezogen, die sich einer Operation ohne Körperhöhleneröffnung unterziehen mußten. Die Narkoseeinleitung erfolgte mit Etomidat, Vecuronium, Remifentanil (n=27; 1 µg/kg) bzw. Alfentanil (n=25; 25 µg/kg); die Aufrechterhaltung mit einem Isofluran/N2O/O2-Gemisch und Remifentanil (0,25 µg/kg/min) bzw. Alfentanil (45 µg/kg/h). Zu definierten Zeitpunkten wurden Plasmakatecholaminspiegel und hämodynamische Parameter innerhalb 60 min nach Extubation bestimmt sowie im Gruppenvergleich Aufwachverhalten, Analgetikaverbrauch, Bedarf an kardiovaskulären Medikamenten und ST-Segment-Veränderungen erfaßt. Ergebnisse: Spontanatmungsbeginn und Extubationszeitpunkt waren in beiden Gruppen gleich. In der Remifentanilgruppe fanden sich kürzere Zeitintervalle zwischen Spontanatmung/Extubation und OP-Ende/ Augen öffnen. Diese Patienten hatten frühzeitigere, stärkere Schmerzen und häufiger Shivering mit einem höheren Verbrauch an Analgetika. Bei vergleichbaren Plasmakatecholaminspiegeln zeigten die Patienten der Remifentanilgruppe frühpostoperativ ausgeprägtere hämodynamische Veränderungen, die verstärkt zur medikamentösen Intervention (Analgetika, Antihypertensiva) zwangen. Gruppenunterschiede für pathologische ST-Segment-Veränderungen ließen sich bei kleiner Patientenzahl nicht statistisch sichern. Schlußfolgerungen: In der Aufwachphase nach balancierter Anästhesie mit Remifentanil kommt es aufgrund des raschen Wirkungsverlusts zur ausgeprägteren sympathiko-adrenergen Reaktion im Vergleich zu Alfentanil mit einem Mehrbedarf an Analgetika und Medikamenten zur Kontrolle der Hämodynamik. Bedingt durch dieses Wirkungsprofil muß deshalb der Einsatz beim kardiovaskulären Risikopatienten kritisch überdacht werden und Therapierichtlinien für die Führung der frühpostoperativen Phase erarbeitet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Vespula pensylvanica ; polygyny ; Vespidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A thriving, polygynous, and probably overwintered colony of the western yellowjacket,Vespula pensylvanica, was collected on 2 November 1994 in Riverside, southern California, and examined in detail. The colony had 14 combs, of combined area 1.30 m2 containing 55,704 small and 10,266 large cells. There were 17 functional, physogastric queens, 70 newly emerged non-reproductive queens, 7300 adult workers, 685 adult males, and c. 17,600 capped cells containing pupae or fully-fed larvae. Dissections of 200 workers showed that none had well-developed ovaries. Hypotheses for the rarity of polygyny inVespula are put forward and evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...