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  • American Society for Microbiology  (195)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A First-in-Human Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics Study of Benapenem in Healthy Chinese Volunteers
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2019
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 63, No. 3 ( 2019-03)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 63, No. 3 ( 2019-03)
    Abstract: The objective of this trial was to investigate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of benapenem administered by single or multiple intravenous infusions in healthy Chinese volunteers. The trial was divided into 3 parts. In part A, 94 subjects were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, sequential-ascending-single-dose study. The subjects were randomly assigned to groups receiving placebo or benapenem for injection at doses of 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000, or 3,000 mg. The effects of intravenous infusion time on the subjects of 250-, 500-, and 1,000-mg groups were explored. In part B, 12 subjects were enrolled in a single-dose PK study under fasting conditions and received 250, 500, or 1,000 mg of benapenem for injection. In part C, 36 subjects were given 250, 500, and 1,000 mg of benapenem for injection once daily for 7 consecutive days. The results showed that benapenem for injection was well tolerated during the studies. The major observed adverse events were mild, and all were resolved spontaneously without any medical intervention. Benapenem was mainly excreted through the kidneys in the form of parent molecule and metabolites. The PK and safety profiles of benapenem in healthy Chinese volunteers support its once-daily dosing in future clinical investigations. (Part A, part B, and part C have been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifiers NCT03588156, NCT03578588, and NCT03570970, respectively.)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02188-18
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Activities of Eravacycline, Tedizolid, Norvancomycin, Nemonoxacin, Ceftaroline, and Comparators against 1,871 Staphylococcus and 1,068 Enterococcus Species Isolates from China: Updated Report of the CHINET Study 2019
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2022
    In:  Microbiology Spectrum Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2022-12-21)
    Details
    In: Microbiology Spectrum, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2022-12-21)
    Abstract: To evaluate the in vitro activities of eravacycline, tedizolid, nemonoxacin, norvancomycin, and ceftaroline against Staphylococcus and Enterococcus species isolates were collected as part of the China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network (CHINET) in 2019 to provide susceptibility data for Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. for their future development and application in clinical practice. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the CLSI broth microdilution reference method. Eravacycline was highly active against Staphylococcus and Enterococcus species isolates, proved by the MIC 50/90 : 0.06/0.125, 0.06/0.25, 0.06/0.25, 0.06/0.25, 0.125/0.5, 0.125/0.25, and 0.03/0.06 mg/L for Staphylococcus aureus , methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), S. epidermidis , S. hominis , S. haemolyticus , Enterococcus faecalis , and E. faecium , respectively. S. aureus isolates tested were fully susceptible to tedizolid. Still, nonsusceptible isolates were found for E. faecalis (72/567 [12.7%]) and E. faecium (12/501 [2.4%]). Norvancomycin at 2 mg/L could inhibit 100% of Staphylococcus spp., while 1 mg/L of ceftaroline could inhibit 78.9% of MRSA and 99.9% of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates. Additionally, nemonoxacin was also active against Staphylococcus and Enterococcus species isolates tested (shown by the following MIC 90 s and ranges, in milligrams per liter: 2 and ≤0.015 to 8 for MRSA, 0.25 and ≤0.015 to 4 for MSSA, 0.5 and ≤0.015 to 8 for S. epidermidis , and 4 and ≤0.015 to 〉 32 for E. faecalis ). In conclusion, both eravacycline and tedizolid were highly active against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. recently collected across China. Nemonoxacin showed potent activity against Staphylococcus spp. and E. faecalis but limited activity against E. faecium . Norvancomycin and ceftaroline displayed highly potent activity against Staphylococcus spp. IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial resistance has become a severe threat to global public health. According to statistics, nearly 700,000 people die from bacterial infections worldwide (J. O’Neill, Antimicrobial Resistance: Tackling a Crisis for the Health and Wealth of Nations , 2014; C. Y. Chin, K. A. Tipton, M. Farokhyfar, E. M. Burd, et al., Nat Microbiol 3:563–569, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-018-0151-5 ). The number of bacterial infections is expected to climb to 10 million by 2050, showing that bacterial resistance has become a significant problem that cannot be ignored. It is crucial to develop new antimicrobial agents to combat antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro activities of eravacycline, tedizolid, nemonoxacin, norvancomycin, and ceftaroline against Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus species isolates which were collected as part of CHINET in 2019. We believe that this study can provide susceptibility data for Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. for their future development and application in clinical practice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2165-0497
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01715-22
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2807133-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Emergence and Continuous Evolution of Genotype 1E Rubella Viruses in China
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 50, No. 2 ( 2012-02), p. 353-363
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 50, No. 2 ( 2012-02), p. 353-363
    Abstract: In China, rubella vaccination was introduced into the national immunization program in 2008, and a rubella epidemic occurred in the same year. In order to know whether changes in the genotypic distribution of rubella viruses have occurred in the postvaccination era, we investigate in detail the epidemiological profile of rubella in China and estimate the evolutionary rate, molecular clock phylogeny, and demographic history of the predominant rubella virus genotypes circulating in China using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo phylodynamic analyses. 1E was found to be the predominant rubella virus genotype since its initial isolation in China in 2001, and no genotypic shift has occurred since then. The results suggest that the global 1E genotype may have diverged in 1995 and that it has evolved at a mutation rate of 1.65 × 10 −3 per site per year. The Chinese 1E rubella virus isolates were grouped into either cluster 1 or cluster 2, which likely originated in 1997 and 2006, respectively. Cluster 1 viruses were found in all provinces examined in this study and had a mutation rate of 1.90 × 10 −3 per site per year. The effective number of infections remained constant until 2007, and along with the introduction of rubella vaccine into the national immunization program, although the circulation of cluster 1 viruses has not been interrupted, some viral lineages have disappeared, and the epidemic started a decline that led to a decrease in the effective population size. Cluster 2 viruses were found only in Hainan Province, likely because of importation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01264-11
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Occurrence and Reassortment of Avian Influenza A (H7N9) Viruses Derived from Coinfected Birds in China
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 88, No. 22 ( 2014-11-15), p. 13344-13351
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 88, No. 22 ( 2014-11-15), p. 13344-13351
    Abstract: Over the course of two waves of infection, H7N9 avian influenza A virus has caused 436 human infections and claimed 170 lives in China as of July 2014. To investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of H7N9, we surveyed avian influenza viruses in poultry in Jiangsu province within the outbreak epicenter. We found frequent occurrence of H7N9/H9N2 coinfection in chickens. Molecular clock phylogenetic analysis confirms coinfection by H7N9/H9N2 viruses and also reveals that the identity of the H7N9 outbreak lineage is confounded by ongoing reassortment between outbreak viruses and diverse H9N2 viruses in domestic birds. Experimental inoculation of a coinfected sample in cell culture yielded two reassortant H7N9 strains with polymerase segments from the original H9N2 strain. Ongoing reassortment between the H7N9 outbreak lineage and diverse H9N2 viruses may generate new strains with the potential to infect humans, highlighting the need for continued viral surveillance in poultry and humans. IMPORTANCE We found frequent occurrence of H7N9/H9N2 coinfection in chickens. The H7N9 outbreak lineage is confounded by ongoing reassortment between H7N9 and H9N2 viruses. The importance of H9N2 viruses as the source of novel avian influenza virus infections in humans requires continuous attention.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01777-14
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Myxococcus xanthus Viability Depends on GroEL Supplied by Either of Two Genes, but the Paralogs Have Different Functions during Heat Shock, Predation, and Development
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2010
    In:  Journal of Bacteriology Vol. 192, No. 7 ( 2010-04), p. 1875-1881
    Details
    In: Journal of Bacteriology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 192, No. 7 ( 2010-04), p. 1875-1881
    Abstract: Myxococcus xanthus DK1622 contains two paralogous groEL gene loci that possess both different sequences and different organizations within the genome. Deletion of either one of these two genes alone does not affect cell viability. However, deletion of both groEL genes results in cell death unless a complemented groEL1 or groEL2 gene is present. The groEL1 gene was determined to be essential for cell survival under heat shock conditions; a strain with mutant groEL2 caused cells to be more sensitive than the wild-type strain to higher temperatures. Mutants with a single deletion of either groEL1 ( MXAN_4895 ) or groEL2 ( MXAN_4467 ) had a growth curve similar to that of the wild-type strain DK1622 in medium containing hydrolyzed proteins as the substrate. However, when cells were cultured on medium containing either Escherichia coli cells or casein as the substrate, deletion of groEL2 , but not groEL1 , led to a deficiency in cell predation and macromolecular feeding. Furthermore, groEL1 was found to play an indispensable role in the development and sporulation of cells, but deletion of groEL2 had no visible effects. Our results suggest that, although alternatively required for cell viability, the products of the two groEL genes have divergent functions in the multicellular social life cycle of M. xanthus DK1622.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9193 , 1098-5530
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JB.01458-09
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481988-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Heat Stress Cognate 70 Host Protein as a Potential Drug Target against Drug Resistance in Hepatitis B Virus
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2010
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 54, No. 5 ( 2010-05), p. 2070-2077
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 54, No. 5 ( 2010-05), p. 2070-2077
    Abstract: Heat stress cognate 70 (Hsc70) is a host protein associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. The goal of this study was to investigate whether Hsc70 could be an anti-HBV drug target. Our results showed that introducing Hsc70 increased HBV replication in HBV + human hepatocytes (HepG2.2.15 cells). The coiled-coil region on Hsc70 (nucleotides 1533 to 1608; amino acids 511 to 536) was the key sequence for HBV replication. Knockdown of Hsc70 expression by RNA interference (RNAi) largely inhibited HBV replication with no cytotoxicity to the host. Using an Hsc70 mRNA screening assay, the natural compound oxymatrine (OMTR) was found to be a selective inhibitor for Hsc70 expression. Then, OMTR was used to investigate the potential of Hsc70 as an anti-HBV drug target. OMTR inhibited Hsc70 mRNA expression by 80% and HBV DNA replication by over 60% without causing cytotoxicity. The anti-HBV effect of OMTR appeared to be mediated by destabilizing Hsc70 mRNA. The half-life ( T 1/2 ) of Hsc70 mRNA decreased by 50% in OMTR-treated hepatocytes. The Hsc70 mRNA 3′-untranslated-region (UTR) sequence was the element responsible for OMTR's destabilization activity. OMTR suppressed HBV de novo synthesis at the reverse transcription stage from pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) to DNA and was active against either wild-type HBV or strains resistant to lamivudine, adefovir, and entecavir. Therefore, host Hsc70 could be a novel drug target against HBV, and OMTR appears to inhibit HBV replication by destabilizing Hsc70 mRNA. As the target is not a viral protein, OMTR is active for either wild-type HBV or strains resistant to reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01764-09
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Emergence of Genotype I of Japanese Encephalitis Virus as the Dominant Genotype in Asia
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 85, No. 19 ( 2011-10), p. 9847-9853
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 85, No. 19 ( 2011-10), p. 9847-9853
    Abstract: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen, is one of the major causes of viral encephalitis worldwide. Previous phylogenetic studies based on the envelope protein indicated that there are four genotypes, and surveillance data suggest that genotype I is gradually replacing genotype III as the dominant strain. Here we report an evolutionary analysis based on 98 full-length genome sequences of JEV, including 67 new samples isolated from humans, pigs, mosquitoes, midges. and bats in affected areas. To investigate the relationships between the genotypes and the significance of genotype I in recent epidemics, we estimated evolutionary rates, ages of common ancestors, and population demographics. Our results indicate that the genotypes diverged in the order IV, III, II, and I and that the genetic diversity of genotype III has decreased rapidly while that of genotype I has increased gradually, consistent with its emergence as the dominant genotype.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00825-11
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Detection of New Bunyavirus RNA by Reverse Transcription–Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2014-02), p. 531-535
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2014-02), p. 531-535
    Abstract: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a newly emerging and epidemic infectious disease in central and northeast China. It is caused by New Bunyavirus and carries an average 12% case fatality rate. Early and rapid detection is critical for prevention and control of New Bunyavirus infection, since no vaccine or antiviral drugs are currently available, and prevention requires careful attention to control of the suspected tick vector. In this study, a simple and sensitive reverse transcription–loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed for rapid detection of New Bunyavirus. The detection limit of the RT-LAMP assay was approximately 10 3 50% tissue culture infective doses/ml of New Bunyavirus in culture supernatants, and no cross-reactive amplification of other viruses known to cause similar clinical manifestations was observed. The assay was further evaluated using 138 specimens from clinically suspected SFTS and 40 laboratory-proven hantavirus infection with fever and renal syndrome patients, and the assay exhibited 97% agreement compared to real-time RT-PCR and conventional RT-PCR. Using real-time RT-PCR as the diagnostic gold standard, RT-LAMP was 99% sensitive and 100% specific. The RT-LAMP assay could become a useful alternative in clinical diagnosis of SFTS caused by New Bunyavirus, especially in resource-limited hospitals or rural clinics of China.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01813-13
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Complete Genome Sequence of the Bacterium Ketogulonicigenium vulgare Y25
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Bacteriology Vol. 193, No. 1 ( 2011-01), p. 315-316
    Details
    In: Journal of Bacteriology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 193, No. 1 ( 2011-01), p. 315-316
    Abstract: Ketogulonicigenium vulgare is characterized by the efficient production of 2KGA from l -sorbose. Ketogulonicigenium vulgare Y25 is known as a 2-keto- l -gulonic acid-producing strain in the vitamin C industry. Here we report the finished, annotated genome sequence of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare Y25.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9193 , 1098-5530
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JB.01189-10
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481988-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Efficient Infection by a Recombinant Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Cloned in a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome: Application for Genetic Analysis
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2002
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 76, No. 12 ( 2002-06-15), p. 6185-6196
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 76, No. 12 ( 2002-06-15), p. 6185-6196
    Abstract: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is etiologically associated with Kaposi's sarcoma and several other malignancies. The lack of an efficient infection system has impeded the understanding of KSHV-related pathogenesis. A genetic approach was used to isolate infectious KSHV. Recombinant bacteria artificial chromosome (BAC) KSHV containing hygromycin resistance and green fluorescent protein (GFP) markers was generated by homologous recombination in KSHV-infected BCBL-1 cells. Recombinant KSHV genomes from cell clones that were resistant to hygromycin, expressed GFP, and produced infectious virions after induction with tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA) were rescued in Escherichia coli and reconstituted in 293 cells. Several 293 cell lines resulting from infection with recombinant virions induced from a full-length recombinant KSHV genome, named BAC36, were obtained. BAC36 virions established stable latent infection in 293 cells, harboring 1 to 2 copies of viral genome per cell and expressing viral latent proteins, with ≈0.5% of cells undergoing spontaneous lytic replication, which is reminiscent of KSHV infection in Kaposi's sarcoma tumors. TPA treatment induced BAC36-infected 293 cell lines into productive lytic replication, expressing lytic proteins and producing virions that efficiently infected normal 293 cells with a ≈50% primary infection rate. BAC36 virions were also infectious to HeLa and E6E7-immortalized human endothelial cells. Since BAC36 can be efficiently shuttled between bacteria and mammalian cells, it is useful for KSHV genetic analysis. The feasibility of the system was illustrated through the generation of a KSHV mutant with the vIRF gene deleted. This cellular model is useful for the investigation of KSHV infection and pathogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.12.6185-6196.2002
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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