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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen von Relaxationserscheinungen an Quecksilberatomen im metastabilen 63 P 2-Zustand mit einem Impulsverfahren (1968)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 212 (1968), S. 32-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The decay of rf signalsδm=±1 between the Zeeman sublevels of mercury atoms in the metastable 63 P 2 state was investigated by means of a sampling method. The density matrix of the state was expanded in terms of irreducible tensor operators. By solving the appropriate differential equations, we were able to show that the time constant of the decay obtained from the measurements is the relaxation time for the longitudinal component of the mean electric quadrupole moment (alignment) of the metastable atoms. The linewidths of the rf resonances reflect the relaxation rates of the transverse components however. From the decay time, the cross sectionσ 0=(1,80±0,11) · 10−14 cm2 for depolarizing collisions between metastable mercury atoms (even isotopes) and ground state atoms was derived. A comparison ofσ 0 with the value which was previously determined from the linewidths of rf resonances, indicates that the relaxation process in a weak magnetic field is essentially isotropic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01379895
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Hyperfeinstruktur des angeregten 32P3/2-Zustandes von Natrium (1966)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 194 (1966), S. 270-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The hyperfine structure of the 32P3/2-state in the Na(I)-spektrum was investigated by optical double resonance. Three zero fieldrf-transitions (ΔF=±1, ΔmF=0) were detected and thus the unambiguous interpretation of therf-spectrum was made possible. From an analysis of therf-spectrum one obtains the magnetic hyperfine structure splitting constant a=(18.5 −0.2 +0.6 ) Mc/sec the electric quadrupole interaction constantb=(3.2±0.5) Mc/sec which yields an electric quadrupole moment Q(Na23)=(0.138±0.025)·1024cm2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01571251
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Präoperative Kurzzeitstrahlentherapie in der chirurgischen Therapie des Rectumcarcinoms Langzeitergebnisse einer prospektiv-randomisierten Studie (1998)
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 69 (1998), S. 759-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Colorectal carcinoma ; Operative procedure ; Preoperative radiotherapy ; Randomized trial ; Local recurrence. ; Schlüsselwörter: Colorectales Carcinom ; Operationsverfahren ; präoperative Strahlentherapie ; randomisierte Studie ; locoregionäres Rezidiv.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Zur Klärung der Frage, ob die präoperative Kurzzeitstrahlentherapie die lokale Tumorkontrolle und das Überleben von Patienten mit primär operablem Rectumcarcinom verbessern kann, wurde im Zeitraum von 1988 bis 1993 eine prospektiv randomisierte Studie durchgeführt. 93 Patienten mit histologisch gesichertem Rectumcarcinom wurden entweder primär operiert (n = 46) oder mit 5 × 3,3 Gy vorbestrahlt und unmittelbar danach operiert (n = 47). Bei entsprechender Indikation (T4, UICC-Stadium III, R1/R2-Resektion) erfolgte eine postoperative Strahlentherapie. Bezüglich des Operationsverfahrens (abdominoperineale Rectumamputation vs. anteriore Rectumresektion) ergab sich kein signifikanter Unterschied des 5-Jahres-Überlebens (p = 0,393). Bei R0-Resektionen (n = 77) fand sich bei vorbestrahlten Patienten im statistischen Trend eine bessere lokale Tumorkontrolle (p = 0,08). Die 5-Jahres-Überlebensrate wurde durch die Kurzzeitvorbestrahlung signifikant verbessert (p = 0,027). Die niedrig dosierte Vorbestrahlung ist keine unabhängige Variable bzgl. des Überlebens (p = 0,078) oder der lokalen Tumorkontrolle (p = 0,07). Entsprechend den Ergebnissen anderer Autoren ließ sich in der vorgestellten Arbeit die lokale Tumorkontrolle beim Rectumcarcinom durch die Kurzzeitvorbestrahlung verbessern, das 5-Jahres-Überleben ist in der vorbestrahlten Gruppe sogar statistisch signifikant verlängert.
    Notes: Summary. To ascertain whether preoperative short-term radiotherapy can improve local tumor control and the long-term survival of patients with operable rectal cancer, a prospective randomised trial was performed from 1988 to 1993. Ninety-three patients with rectal cancer were either directly treated with surgery (n = 46) or underwent preoperative radiotherapy with 5 × 3.3 Gy irradiation and operation within 48 h (n = 47). If indicated (T4, UICC stage III) patients also received postoperative irradiation. Comparison of the methods of operation (abdominoperineal amputation versus anterior resection) revealed no significant difference in 5-year survival rate (P = 0.393). Local control of R0-resected tumors was improved after preoperative irradiation (P = 0.08). The 5-year survival rate was significantly higher after preoperative short-term radiotherapy (P = 0.027). Preoperative radiotherapy is not an independent factor according to overall survival (P = 0.078) and local recurrence (P = 0.07). In agreement with the results of other authors the present study indicates improved local tumor control of rectal cancer after preoperative radiation therapy. The 5-year survival rate was significantly better after preoperative radiotherapy than after surgery alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001040050487
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometry of the aging female rat urethra (1996)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 7 (1996), S. 30-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Keywords: Aging ; Incontinence ; Rat ; Smooth ; Sphincter ; Striated ; Urethra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Muscles in the limbs change with age, but the aging process of urethral muscles is unknown. Therefore, we compared smooth and striated muscle content in the female rat urethra in young (12 month) and old (32 month) animals, using immunochemical techniques. All the striated skeletal fibers at both ages contain slow myosin. Urethral diameter does not change with age (young, 1.44±0.08 mm; old, 1.46±0.10 mm,n=5), nor does the external sphincter width (young, 0.088±0.016 mm; old, 0.080±0.017 mm,n=5). Neither smooth nor skeletal muscle volume in the urethra is changed with age (skeletal: young, 20.72±2.94%; old, 19.95±2.35%. Smooth: young, 22.26±2.98%; old, 26.75±2.35%,n=5). The external striated sphincter is separate and distinct from the pubococcygeal region of the levator ani muscle, but is closely apposed to another layer of longitudinally oriented fibers into the vaginal musculature. The morphometric analysis shows no difference in urethral architecture in aging female rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01895103
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesen in der Isochinolinreihe: Zur Ätherspaltung 6,7,8-trimethoxy-substituierter Isochinolinverbindungen mit wässeriger Salzsäure (1965)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 96 (1965), S. 25-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Treatment of the 6,7,8-trimethoxy-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline I with 20% aqueous HCl yields predominantly the corresponding 6,7,8-trihydroxy derivative II. The analogously substituted 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline IV and isoquinoline XXI are converted into their 6,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxy derivatives V and XXII under these conditions. The constitution of these phenols was established by synthesis and degradation.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Behandlung des 6,7,8-trimethoxy-substituierten 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisochinolins (I) mit 20proz. wäßr. HCl ergibt zur Hauptsache das entsprechende 6,7,8-Trihydroxyderivat II. Die Behandlung des analog substituierten 3,4-Dihydroisochinolins IV und Isochinolins XXI führt hauptsächlich zu den 6,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxy-substituierten Isochinolinverbindungen V und XXII, unter selektiver Spaltung der in 7-Stellung befindlichen Methoxyl-gruppe. Die Konstitution von V und XXII konnte durch Synthese und Abbau bewiesen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00912290
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Hyperfeinstruktur des 6s 6p 3 P 1-Zustandes von171Yb und173Yb (1969)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 221 (1969), S. 245-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The hyperfine structure of the 6s 6p 3 P 1 state of171Yb and173Yb has been investigated by the level crossing technique and by optical double resonance. The following results for the magnetic hfs splitting constantA and for the electric quadrupole interaction constantB have been obtained:A(171Yb)=3959.1(14)Mc/sec;A(173Yb)=−1094.7(6) Mc/sec;B(173Yb)=−826.9(9) Mc/sec. The hyperfine structure anomaly of the isotopes171Yb and173Yb was determined to beΔ=−0.36(3)%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01392176
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On some electrochemical aspects of actomyosin formation (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 4 (1966), S. 1046-1050 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1966.360040910
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperfine structure of the resonance lines of53Cr and lifetimes of some excited states of the Cr I spectrum (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 34 (1995), S. 87-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 32.70.Fw ; 35.10.Fk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The hyperfine structure of the53Cr resonance linesa 7 S 3 ↔z 7 P 2,3,4 has been investigated by means of laser saturation spectroscopy. By comparison of the experimental signal curves with theoretically computed spectra the hitherto unknown sign of the magnetic hyperfine coupling constant in thea 7 S 3 ground state of53Cr could be determined unambigiously to be negative. Further the signs of the hfs coupling constants in thez 7 P states — so far only evaluated by theoretical reasoning — could be confirmed. Additionally the lifetimes of the statesz 7 P,z 5 P,f 7 D,z 5 F,e 7 D 5 andy 5 P 3 in the Cr I spectrum have been determined from the fluorescence decay after pulsed laser excitation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01439381
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of counterions radius on the polymerization of actin (1967)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 5 (1967), S. 483-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The G-F transformation of actin was studied in terms of an interaction between different counterions and actin. macroion by means of electrometric measurements. Due to the polyelectrolyte-structure of the actin molecule, the electrostatic interactions must play a predominant role. In this sense the influence of the counterion radius has been investigated.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1967.360050603
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    COMBINATION OF ADAPTIVITY AND MESH SMOOTHING FOR THE FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF SHELLS WITH INTERSECTIONS (1997)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 40 (1997), S. 2459-2474 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: adaptivity ; error computation ; shell structures ; linear finite element analysis ; mesh smoothing ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A compatible hierarchical adaptive scheme is proposed which allows to control both density and geometrical properties of meshes with four-node linear finite shell elements. The algorithm produces a sequence of meshes with two aims, nearly equal distribution of the local error in each element and a mesh with regular elements, thus internal element angles near 90° and length ratios of adjacent element sides near unity. This goal is achieved in an efficient manner imposing a combination of a local smoothing algorithm with the adaptive mesh generation.New created nodes are positioned on the real shell surface and shell boundaries which may be given e.g. by CAD data. Also the shell directors are determined from the normals on the real geometry. Shell intersections are detected automatically as common curves of two adjacent shell parts. As a shell continuum cannot be assumed for these intersections and thus simple standard adaptive schemes fail, shell intersections have to be treated in a way similar to shell boundaries. For some numerical examples the developed algorithms are demonstrated and the resulting meshes are shown. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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