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  • Chemistry  (28)
  • Human  (2)
  • Lens  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (15)
  • 1985-1989  (17)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 389-391 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Sorbitol dehydrogenase ; Lens ; Congenital cataract
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lens sorbitol dehydrogenase activity was assayed in patients with congenital cataracts, senile cataracts, without cataracts and in one fetal lens. In patients with congenital cataracts we did not observe any abnormality of galactose and sorbitol metabolising enzymes in erythrocytes. In one of these patients with inexplicable congenital cataracts lens sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency was found. Conclusion Determination of galactose metabolising enzymes, sorbitol dehydrogenase and polyols in lenses may help in understanding the mechanism of formation of inexplicable congenital cataracts.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 389-391 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Sorbitol dehydrogenase ; Lens ; Congenital cataract
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lens sorbitol dehydrogenase activity was assayed in patients with congenital cataracts, senile cataracts, without cataracts and in one fetal lens. In patients with congenital cataracts we did not observe any abnormality of galactose and sorbitol metabolising enzymes in erythrocytes. In one of these patients with inexplicable congenital cataracts lens sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency was found. Conclusion Determination of galactose metabolising enzymes, sorbitol dehydrogenase and polyols in lenses may help in understanding the mechanism of formation of inexplicable congenital cataracts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Elastic fibres ; Placental stem villi ; Extravascular smooth muscle cells ; Adhesion plaques ; Talin immunoreactivity ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The stroma of human placental stem villi is believed to consist only of reticular and collagen fibres. In the present study we were able to show for the first time by light (orcein staining) and electron microscopy large amounts of elastic fibres in the stem villous stroma. Electron microscopically, homogeneous elastin was found alone or in association with microfibrils. In addition, microfibrils were observed forming long bands. These three structures, generally known to form elastic connective tissue, were seen in close connection with placental extravascular smooth muscle cells, which belong to the perivascular contractile sheath (PVCS) of stem villi. Elastin was associated with these smooth muscle cells and connected to collagen fibres via microfibrils. Collagen fibres were additionally interconnected by spike-like structures. Extravascular smooth muscle cells revealed numerous adhesion plaques which occupied conspicuously long cytoplasmic faces of the plasma membrane. In cryostat sections, immunoreactivity of talin, an attachment protein of adhesion plaques linking intracellular α-actin filaments with extracellular fibronectin, was detected in extravascular and vascular (media) smooth muscle cells. The arrangement of placental extravascular smooth muscle cells, elastic and collagen fibres suggests a functional myofibroelastic unit within the PVCS, which surrounds the large foetal blood vessels possibly contributing to elasticity and supporting tensile and/or contracting forces within the stem villi.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Placental stem villi ; Perivascular contractile sheath ; Molecules of adhesion plaques ; Extracellular matrix molecules ; Immunocytochemistry ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In previous studies, we have shown that smooth muscle cells and myofibroblast subpopulations of the perivascular stem villous sheath of the human placenta contain focal adhesion plaques and talin immunoreactivity. The close association of these cells to elastic and collagen fibres have led to the assumption of a functional myofibroelastic unit within the perivascular stem villous sheath. Interactions between the extracellular matrix and smooth muscle cells depend on a variety of structural protein assemblies. In the present study, we examined, by immunocytochemistry, whether the molecular assembly of extracellular matrix proteins and molecules of focal adhesions, known to be essential for signal transduction in smooth muscle cells, are also found in smooth muscle cells of the perivascular stem villous sheath of the human placenta. Vascular and extravascular smooth muscle cells were immunoreactive for α-actinin, vinculin, paxillin and tensin, the integrin chains α1 and β1, and the basement membrane components laminin and heparan/-chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan perlecan. pp125FAK did not react. In the extracellular matrix of blood vessel walls and the perivascular stem villous sheath, we found immunoreactivity of fibronectin and collagen types I, VI and undulin (collagen type XIV). From our data we conclude that within the perivascular stem villous sheath, there exists a system of signal transduction molecules, indicating a cross talk between the smooth muscle cells of this sheath and their surrounding extracellular matrix.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 121 (1988), S. 961-970 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of [2]-Catenanes from [2]-RotaxanesStarting from the rotaxane 18a a mixture of catenane 21 and rotaxane 23 is obtained by attaching a polymethylene bridge between the methylene groups in α-position of the sulfonyl groups. The isocyclic catenane 28 containing a 28- and a 46-membered ring is obtained from the catenane 21 by splitting the bonds between the bridgehead atoms and the sulfonyl groups. The 1H-, 13C-NMR, and mass spectra of this compounds are discussed.
    Notes: Ausgehend von dem Rotaxan 18a wird durch Angliederung einer Polymethylenbrücke zwischen den beiden zu den Sulfonylgruppen α-ständigen Methylengruppen ein Gemisch von Catenan 21 und Rotaxan 23 synthetisiert. Aus 21 wird nach Spaltung der Bindungen zwischen den Brückenkopfatomen und den Sulfonylgruppen das isocyclische Catenan 28, bestehend aus einem 28-und einem 46-gliedrigen Ring, erhalten. Die 1H-, 13C-NMR-Spektren und Massenspektren dieser Verbindung werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 1374-1399 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Directed Synthesis of Translationally Isomeric [3]-Catenanes1)In a multi-step reaction sequence the tetrahydroxymetacyclophane 12c is synthesized. Acetalisation with 1,25-dichloro-13-pentacosanone followed by nitration and reduction afforded the diamine 13c. By cyclization of this compound in 2-pentanol with sodium carbonate and sodium iodide under high dilution conditions the monomeric products 16, 17, and 18 are obtained in yields of 21.4, 7.7, and 0.9%, respectively. On the basis of mass, 13C NMR and 1H NMR spectra the structure of these compounds is discussed. Starting from the precatenane 16 the [3]-catenanes 25a, b,c and 26a, b, c are obtained in a multi-step reaction sequence. The structure of these compounds is confirmed by mass, 13C NMR, and 1H NMR spectroscopic investigations.
    Notes: In einer vielstufigen Synthese wird das Tetrahydroxymetacyclophan 12c synthetisiert. Durch Acetalisierung mit 1,25-Dichlor-13-Pentacosanon, nachfolgender Nitrierung und Reduktion wird das Diamin 13c erhalten. Dessen Cyclisierung in 2-Pentanol in Gegenwart von Natriumcarbonat und Natriumiodid unter Verdünnungsbedingungen ergibt die monomeren Cyclisierungsprodukte 16, 17 und 18 in Ausbeuten von 21.4. 7.7 und 0.9%. Die Struktur dieser Verbindungen wird anhand der Massen-, 13C- und 1H-NMR-Spektren diskutiert. In einer mehrstufigen Reaktionsfolge werden aus dem Prä-[3]-catenan 16 die [3]-Catenane 25a, b, c und 26a, b, c erhalten. Die Struktur dieser Verbindungen wird durch 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR- und massenspektroskopische Untersuchungen bewiesen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 327 (1985), S. 399-410 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photoinduced Electron Transfer between Arenediazonium Cations and AnionsAnions X⊖ can act as donors in electron transfer reactions to photoexcited arenediazonium ions. The yield of the arene formed in this reaction increases with decreasing electrochemical oxidation potential EoxD of X⊖ (X⊖ = BPh4⊖, Br⊖, HOOC—COO⊖, Cl⊖, BF4⊖). The oxidized donor X· (Cl·, ·COO⊖) and aryl radicals Ar· benig intermediates of the reductive dediazoniation of ArN2⊖ can be detected by spin trapping with nitrosodurene (ND) and phenyl-tert-butylnitrone (PBN). A solvent effect in the electron transfer reaction is interpreted in terms of ion pairing, where the electron transfer is favored by preorientation and a short distance between the electron donor and the acceptor previous to excitation of ArN2⊖ by light.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 33 (1987), S. 319-321 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemical Engineering & Technology - CET 10 (1987), S. 262-271 
    ISSN: 0930-7516
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pressure pulsations in hydraulic systems, generated by reciprocating pumps, can cause serious problems with regard to plant safety and reliability. In particular, fatigue problems arise in high-pressure piping systems. The available knowledge is not sufficient for an accurate computation of pressure peaks in the piping of reciprocating pumps. A number of calculation models are available which, however, neglect both fluid compressibility and friction. This contribution presents a calculation method which allows a precise modelling of various pump installations. Comparison of calculated and experimental data shows a good agreement and provides a validation of the computational model.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 20 (1997), S. 85-93 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary gas chromatography ; Modified cyclodextrin phases ; Chiral organochlorines ; Biological samples ; Enantiomeric ratios ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Four chiral stationary phases containing modified cyclodextrines diluted in or chemically bonded to a non-chiral phase were used to resolve chiral organochlorine compounds such as α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH), perdeuterated α-HCH (α-PDHCH), β-and γ-pentachlorocyclohexene (PCCH), oxychlordane, cis-and trans-chlor- dane, cis- and trans-heptachlorepoxide, PCB 95, PCB 132, PCB 149, and Chiral tozaphenes.The elution order was determined by analyzing standards with known enantiomeric excesses.Furthermore, an internal standard was used to even out slight variations in the ratio of peak hights of enantiomers which were determined from injection to injection.None of the chiral stationary phases resolved all chiral organochlorine compounds. However, the β-TBDM(35% heptakis (6-O-t-butyldimethylsilyl-2,3-di-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin in OV 1701) column allowed the separation of all compounds under investigation except for PCB 95 and chiral toxaphenes.Emphasis was placed on the separation of as many as possible enantiomers on a chiral phase by application of one temperature program and with respect to unambiguous quantitation of biological samples such as bludder and liver of marine and terrestrial mammals.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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