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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular beam studies of the photodissociation of benzene at 193 and 248 nm (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 4222-4233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The photodissociation processes of benzene following excitation at 193 and 248 nm have been studied by molecular beam photofragmentation translational spectroscopy. When benzene was excited to the 1 B1u state by absorption at 193 nm, dissociation occurred through three primary channels, C6H5+H (80%), C6H4+ H2 (16%), and C5H3+CH3 (4%), following internal conversion to the vibrationally excited ground state. When benzene was excited to the 1 B2u state at 248 nm, two primary dissociation channels, C6H4+H2 (96%), and C5H3+CH3 (4%), were observed. Photodissociation to produce two C3H3 was induced by two photon absorption of benzene at both 193 and 248 nm. Numerous secondary photodissociation processes of the primary photoproducts were also observed at both 193 and 248 nm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.457780
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffuse x-ray scattering study of toluene and polybromostyrene PBrS/toluene solutions (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 97 (1992), S. 8536-8542 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report measurements and calculations of x-ray diffuse scattering from the liquid–vapor interface of toluene and polybromostyrene(PBrS)/toluene solutions for polymer molecular weights 90 K and 1 M at concentrations up to 11.7 volume %, well into the entangled semidilute regime. We have calculated the static structure factor S(k) and equal time height–height correlation function C(R) for surface hydrodynamic modes based on a coupled two-fluid model where the polymer response is taken to be that of a Maxwell viscoelastic material [Harden et al., J. Chem. Phys. 94, 5208 (1991)]. We obtain the leading correction term to the capillary-wave result for C(R) dependent on the solution shear modulus E0, as well as an analytic approximation valid for large E0, including the case of pure polymer melt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.463371
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and three dimensional calibration of a measuring scanning tunneling microscope for metrological applications (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 2514-2518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A scanning-tunneling microscope (STM) of the scanning-sample type with transducers for the measurement of the position in all three axes has been developed. Motions in the X-, Y-, and Z-axis are straight and rectangular to a high degree and the capacitance transducers are calibrated in situ by plane mirror laser-interferometry. With these qualities as part of the design, the Abbe error may be minimized. X-Y-capacitance transducers and X-Y-piezo actuators are part of analog servo loops, thus providing positioning in the X-Y-plane to a desired coordinate. The STM is mainly built from commercially available parts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144643
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    μ-Calpain Activation and Calpain-Mediated Cytoskeletal Proteolysis Following Traumatic Brain Injury (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 67 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Increasing evidence suggests that excessive activation of the calcium-activated neutral protease μ-calpain could play a major role in calcium-mediated neuronal degeneration after acute brain injuries. To further investigate the changes of the in vivo activity of μ-calpain after unilateral cortical impact injury in vivo, the ratio of the 76-kDa activated isoform of μ-calpain to its 80-kDa precursor was measured by western blotting. This μ-calpain activation ratio increased to threefold in the pellet of cortical samples ipsilateral to the injury site at 15 min, 1 h, 3 h, and 6 h after injury and returned to control levels at 24–48 h after injury. We also investigated the effect of μ-calpain activation on proteolysis of the neuronal cytoskeletal protein α-spectrin. Immunoreactivity for α-spectrin breakdown products was detectable within 15 min after injury in cortical samples ipsilateral to the injury site. The levels of α-spectrin breakdown products increased in a biphasic manner, with a large increase between 15 min and 6 h after injury, followed by a smaller increase between 6 and 24 h after the insult. No further accumulation of α-spectrin breakdown products was observed between 24 and 48 h after injury. Histopathological examinations using hematoxylin and eosin staining demonstrated dark, shrunken neurons within 15 min after traumatic brain injury. No evidence of μ-calpain autolysis, calpain-mediated α-spectrin degradation, or hematoxylin and eosin neuronal pathology was detected in the contralateral cortex. Although μ-calpain autolysis and cytoskeletal proteolysis occurred concurrently with early morphological alterations, evidence of calpain-mediated proteolysis preceded the full expression of evolutionary histopathological changes. Our results indicate that rapid and persistent μ-calpain activation plays an important role in cortical neuronal degeneration after traumatic brain injury. Our data also suggest that specific inhibitors of calpain could be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of traumatic brain injury in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67041575.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of resonance conditions in double-barrier structures and triple-barrier structures (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6966-6974 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A theoretical analysis has been carried out to compare the resonance condition in the asymmetric double-barrier structure with that in the symmetric triple-barrier one. It is found that the triple-barrier structure may be considered as two quasidouble-barrier structures whose resonance condition may decide the resonance levels in the triple-barrier structure. It is confirmed that two modes exist in the triple-barrier structure: one is normal mode consisting of doublet and the other is degenerated mode of singlet. The critical condition between the two modes is given and its physical meaning is examined. Moreover, it is confirmed that both the normal mode and the degenerated mode exist also in symmetric n-fold barrier structures (n≥3). © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361461
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of iron carbonitride ultrafine particles (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 7911-7915 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Iron carbonitride (ICN) ultrafine particles (20–80 nm in size) have been synthesized by laser-induced pyrolysis of Fe(CO)5–NH3–C2H4 mixture. The surface morphology, structural characteristics, oxidation behavior, and the magnetic properties of the ICN particles were reported. The role the thin carbon layer formed on the particle surface played in the oxidation behavior and in the enhancement of the magnetic properties has been studied. A carbon layer (1–2 nm) seems to protect the particles effectively from reaction of the iron carbonitride with oxygen, and the ICN particles thereby exhibit a high saturation magnetization of 142 emu/g. Additionally, the unilateral lattice expansion of the ICN compound was interpreted in terms of the structural and chemical bonding features of the ICN compound. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362403
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anisotropic giant magnetoresistance induced by magnetoannealing in Fe-Ag granular films : The 6th joint magnetism and magnetic materials (MMM)-intermag conference (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6484-6486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effects of magnetoannealing on the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in FexAg100−x granular films (X=15, 26, 29, 33, 37, and 60) were investigated. The thin films were annealed in a presence of magnetic field of 3 kOe at different temperatures of 300, 400, and 500 °C using various annealing times. It is found that the anisotropic GMR characteristics were developed when Fe-Ag granular thin films were annealed in the presence of a magnetic field. The anisotropic GMR characteristics of the thin films were closely related to the magnetic anisotropy developed along the field direction during magnetoannealing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358233
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and magnetic properties of mechanical alloyed Nd–Fe–Ti compounds and their nitrides : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5525-5527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Nd–Fe–Ti intermetallic compounds with a ThMn12 structure have been successfully prepared by mechanical alloying and then annealed. It has been found that the phase of the hexagonal TbCu7 structure is formed in Nd8Fe84Ti8 mechanical alloy powders annealed at temperatures ranging from 650 to 850 °C. With an increase in the annealing temperature Ta, the metastable TbCu7 structure transforms into a ThMn12 structure at Ta=900 °C. Consequently, the Curie temperature increases from 180 °C of TbCu7 structure at Ta=650 to 300 °C of ThMn12 structure at Ta=1050 °C. In the series of NdxFe92−xTi8 annealed at 960 °C for 30 min, it has been observed that the ThMn12 structure exists only over the range of compositions of 5≤x〈11, and the structure of the type Th2Zn17 is formed for x≥11. All the compounds are nitrited at 400 °C for 15 h, and the Curie temperatures are raised from 400 to 450 °C. The Nd9Fe83Ti8 powder, annealed at 960 °C for 30 min, and nitrided at 400 °C for 15 h, has a coercivity iHc=2.3 kOe. The low coercivity perhaps mainly results from an excessive growth of α-Fe grains due to the high annealing temperature necessary for forming the hard magnetic phase Nd(Fe,Ti)12Nδ. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362298
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical absorption of microcrystalline Si-Ni thin films (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 1987-1991 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The optical absorption behavior of microcrystalline Si-Ni thin films (μc-Si-Ni) with a homogeneous and heterogeneous microstructure is investigated. In the homogeneous μc-Si-Ni specimens the structural phase consists of nanometer-sized grains. The heterogeneous specimens consist of a network of micrometer-sized crystalline Si needles. The meshes of the Si needle network are filled with nanometer-sized grains. The optical absorption of the specimens is compared with the structural properties. The optical absorption of μc-Si-Ni below an energy of 1.7 eV is described by a model of grain boundary states while above 2.0 eV optical transitions in the nanometer sized grains are discussed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360172
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation characteristics and magnetic properties of iron carbide and iron ultrafine particles (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 5857-5860 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic Fe3C and α-Fe ultrafine particles were prepared by laser-induced pyrolysis of Fe(CO)5 and C2H4. It is found that after passivation, the Fe3C particles exhibit a high saturation magnetization of 132 emu/g compared to that of the α-Fe particle, 95 emu/g. By determining the oxygen content and the present states of oxygen the particles contained, it is found that not only oxygen content of the α-Fe particles is much higher than that of the Fe3C particles, but the oxygen is in differnt states for the two ultrafine particles. The oxygen present on the Fe3C particles is primarily in absorbed form, compared to chemically combined oxygen as in the α-Fe particles. Thin amorphous carbon layers, formed on the surfaces of the Fe3C particles, inhibit oxidation of the Fe3C and therefore result in higher saturation magnetization achieved by Fe3C particles, relative to the α-Fe particles on which no carbon layer was present. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363570
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