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  • 2000-2004  (2)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-Akt/PKB pathway protects neurons from apoptosis caused by diverse stress stimuli. However, its protective role against the amyloid beta peptide (Aβ), a major constituent of Alzheimer's disease plaques, has not been studied. We investigated the effect of the Aβ-derived Aβ(25–35) peptide on apoptosis and on the Akt survival pathway in PC12 cells. Cells submitted to micromolar concentrations of Aβ(25–35) exhibited increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and morphological alterations consistent with apoptosis. Akt1 was activated shortly after incubation with Aβ(25–35) and Aβ(1–40) with a kinetics different to that of nerve-derived growth factor. Akt1 activation was blocked by the PI3K inhibitor wortmannin. We tested the hypothesis that Akt1 might modify the vulnerability of neural cells to apoptosis induced by Aβ(25–35). Overexpression of an active version of Akt1 attenuated the apoptotic effect of Aβ(25–35) as determined by flow cytometry. Moreover, PC12 cells overexpressing a membrane-targeted N-myristylated fusion protein of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) and mouse Akt1 exhibited lower levels of ROS than control EGFP-transfected cells. The present findings demonstrate that Akt1 is activated in response to Aβ(25–35) in a PI3K-dependent manner and that active Akt1 protects PC12 cells against the pro-apoptotic action of this peptide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-3610
    Keywords: nutrition education ; Hispanics ; peer educators
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A nutrition education program, entitled La Cocina Saludable, was designed according to the Stage of Change Model and implemented in ten southern Colorado counties. The objectives were to improve the nutrition related knowledge, skills, and behaviors that lead to healthy lifestyles in a low-income Hispanic population. The content of the program included nutrition information designed to help mothers of preschool children provide for their children's nutritional needs. Previous studies suggest that low-income Hispanics often demonstrate low intakes of vitamins A and C, calcium, iron, and protein, and high rates of diabetes, obesity, and infections. Additionally, this population presents many obstacles for nutrition educators including limited resources, child care, transportation, time, language, culture, literacy, health beliefs, and, in some cases, the transient nature of the population. The program attempted to overcome these barriers by incorporating a flexible program format carried out by abuela (Hispanic grandmother) educators using the processes described in the Stage of Change Model. The program was evaluated using a knowledge, skills and behavior pre-test, post-test, and six-month follow-up survey on both the abuela educators as well as the actual class participants. Results of the peer education training sessions suggest that this type of training program can be effective in increasing the knowledge, skills, and behavior of peer educators as well as reduce need for retraining for educators who continuously teach classes. Additionally, the results suggest that this type of program can be effective in changing selected nutrition related knowledge, skills, and behaviors leading to healthy lifestyles for low-income Hispanic mothers of preschool children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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