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  • 2000-2004  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spreading depression-induced preconditioning in the mouse cortex: differential changes in the protein expression of ionotropic nicotinic acetylcholine and glutamate receptors (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 83 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Preconditioning of the cerebral cortex was induced in mice by repeated cortical spreading depression (CSD), and the major ionotropic glutamate (GluRs) and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRs) subunits were compared by quantitative immunoblotting between sham- and preconditioned cortex, 24 h after treatment. A 30% reduction in α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-iso- xazolepropionate (AMPA) GluR1 and 2 subunit immunoreactivities was observed in the preconditioned cortex (p 〈 0.03), but there was no significant change in the NMDA receptor subunits, NR1, NR2A and NR2B. A 12–15-fold increase in α7 nAChR subunit expression following in vivo CSD (p 〈 0.001) was by far the most remarkable change associated with preconditioning. In contrast, the α4 nAChR subunit was not altered. These data point to the α7 nAChR as a potential new target for neuroprotection because preconditioning increases consistently the tolerance of the brain to acute insults such as ischaemia. These data complement recent studies implicating α7 nAChR overexpression in the amelioration of chronic neuropathologies, notably Alzheimer's disease (AD).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01240.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mining the record: historical evidence for climatic influences on maize –Abutilon theophrasti competition (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Weed research 44 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Variations in climate are widely recognized as central factors governing the competitive balance in mixed-species plant communities. In agricultural systems, highly variable patterns of crop yield reduction as a function of weed density have been documented across sites and among years at the same site for several crop–weed combinations. This variation is typically attributed to contrasting environmental conditions. Despite broad acknowledgement of their importance, experimental and temporal limitations have constrained the investigation and systematic understanding of environmental controls on the dynamics of competition. For several well-studied crop–weed associations, aggregating historical data from similar competition experiments provides an opportunity to explore interference relationships over an array of conditions. In this study, 19 site-years of maize –Abutilon theophrasti (velvetleaf) data were compiled and the weather characterized (i.e. average ambient temperature and moisture regime) for discrete portions of each growing season. These features were then related to patterns of maize yield loss from A. theophrasti interference at high weed densities. Results of this analysis suggest that temperatures following establishment, together with the presence or absence of water stress during the maize crop's exponential growth phase, account for over 60% of the observed variation in relative yield loss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.2004.00418.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domestic Water Demand Forecasting: A Static Microsimulation Approach (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Planning the provision of a future water supply depends upon forecasts of likely demand. Existing forecasting techniques suffer from a lack of spatially relevant information on likely trends in the micro-components of demand. At a sub-regional level, current approaches also understate between-area variability. A static micro-simulation model is described, which makes more efficient use of existing data in producing forecasts of domestic water consumption. Spatially detailed synthetic microdata are reweighted towards level population estimates which are derived from official Government population projections. A 30% increase in domestic consumption between 1991 and 2025 is forecast for the Yorkshire Water region, three-quarters of which is attributable to changes in consumer behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2002.tb00410.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A ‘Standard Industrial Classification’Coded Strategic Planning Model of Industrial and Commercial Water Demand for UK Regions (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Knowledge of future demand is essential for promoting sustainability in water resources, informing decisions over the allocation of water between people and the environment. Improved econometric models of non-household water demand are presented, which have been developed for the Yorkshire Water region, providing annual demand forecasts to the year 2010 disaggregated with reference to the Standard Industrial Classification. Increases of 0.44–1.0% per annum are forecast, mainly driven by service sector demand. Water companies and regulators cannot influence economic activity, but have the ability to manage demand using price controls. Waste minimisation also offers the potential to offset forecast increases, if widely adopted. Current application of price controls act to increase demand, counter to the goal of environmental sustainability; therefore it is concluded that, within the UK water industry, competition should be focused on levels of service and environmental-impact measures, rather than on price.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2000.tb00254.x
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