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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Voluntary facial expression and hemispheric asymmetry over the frontal cortex (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Psychophysiology 38 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Brain activity was monitored while 36 participants produced facial configurations denoting anger, disgust, fear, joy, and sadness. EEG alpha power was analyzed during each facial pose, with facial conditions grouped according to the approach/withdrawal motivational model of emotion. This model suggests that “approach” emotions are associated with relatively greater left frontal brain activity whereas “withdrawal” emotions are associated with relatively greater right frontal brain activity. In the context of a bilateral decrease in activation, facial poses of emotions in the withdrawal condition resulted in relatively less left frontal activation in the lateral-frontal, midfrontal and frontal-temporal-central region, but not in the parietal region, as predicted. Findings in the approach condition were less consistently supportive of predictions of the approach/withdrawal model. Implications for the approach/withdrawal model and for the emotion eliciting potential of voluntary facial movement are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8986.3860912
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pregnant women with chronic hypertension and superimposed pre-eclampsia have high cerebral perfusion pressure (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 108 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To determine any differences in cerebral perfusion pressure in patients with chronic hypertension compared with those with chronic hypertension and superimposed pre-eclampsia.Design A prospective observational study.Setting University hospital clinic and labour and delivery suite.Participants Fifteen women with chronic hypertension and 15 with superimposed pre-eclampsia.Methods Transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to measure blood velocity in the middle cerebral arteries of the patients. Systemic blood pressure in the brachial artery was measured simultaneously. Middle cerebral artery, resistance index, pulsatility index, and cerebral perfusion pressure were calculated and plotted on the same axes as data from normal pregnant women. Cerebral perfusion pressure values outside of the 5th and 95th centiles were regarded as abnormal. Cerebral perfusion pressure data from the chronic hypertension and superimposed pre-eclampsia groups were also expressed in terms of the number of normative standard deviations from the mean value for normal pregnancy (Multiples of the Standard Deviation: MOS). All studies were conducted before labour, under similar conditions, and before volume expansion or treatment. Statistical analysis was by Student's t test and Fisher's exact test as appropriate with significance set at a two-tailed P〈0.05.Results Patient demographics and blood pressure were not significantly different between the two groups. The resistance index and pulsatility index were not significantly different (neither absolute nor multiples of the standard deviation values). The absolute cerebral perfusion pressure was significantly higher in the patients with superimposed pre-eclampsia. The group of women with superimposed pre-eclampsia had a significantly higher mean value of cerebral perfusion pressure measured as multiples of the standard deviation from the mean value for normal pregnancy, despite there being no blood pressure difference.Conclusions Superimposed pre-eclampsia is associated with significantly higher cerebral perfusion pressure measurements compared with women with uncomplicated chronic hypertension. This is not directly related to a higher blood pressure. The difference in cerebral perfusion pressure may be used to speculate upon the pathophysiology of the increased risk for eclampsia seen in patients with superimposed pre-eclampsia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2003.00274.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mesoscale vertical motion and the size structure of phytoplankton in the ocean (2001)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 410 (2001), S. 360-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Phytoplankton size structure is acknowledged as a fundamental property determining energy flow through ‘microbial’ or ‘herbivore’ pathways. The balance between these two pathways determines the ability of the ecosystem to recycle carbon within the upper layer or to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35066560
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical observation of contrast agent destruction (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 1056-1058 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fragmentation of an ultrasound contrast agent on the time scale of microseconds provides opportunities for the advancement of microvascular detection, blood flow velocity estimation, and targeted drug delivery. Images captured by high-speed imaging systems show destruction of a microbubble during compression. Peak wall velocity of −700 m/s and peak acceleration of 1.2×1012 m/s2 is observed for insonation with a peak pressure of −1.1 MPa and a center frequency of 2.4 MHz. Theoretical calculations of wall velocity and acceleration using a modified Rayleigh–Plesset model predict a peak negative wall velocity of −680 m/s and peak acceleration of 2×1012 m/s2. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1287519
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Principles of redox control in photosynthesis gene expression (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 112 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Light is one of the most important environmental factors influencing gene expression in photosynthetic organisms. In particular, genes for components of the photosynthetic machinery show light-dependent expression. In recent years, it has become clear that photosynthesis itself contributes important signals to this light control of gene expression by means of changes in the reduction/oxidation (redox) state of signalling molecules. Such changes in redox state are induced by changes in quality and quantity of the incident light. Redox signalling mechanisms therefore provide photosynthesis with the possibility of acclimational changes in the structure of the photosynthetic apparatus via a feedback control of photosynthesis gene expression. The great variety of these signalling mechanisms is summarised under the term ‘redox control’. In some cases, oxygen acts as a different environmental, light-independent stimulus of photosynthetic gene expression, providing an additional redox signal and a different kind of redox control. In this review, we summarise present knowledge about such redox control mechanisms and analyse common properties as well as differences in the various signalling pathways. We suggest that there is an urgent need for a clear distinction between different kinds of redox control. Accordingly, we propose a categorisation into perceptional and transductional redox control. These categories are defined and examples given. The generalisation and comparability of results obtained in different physiological test systems and species are critically discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2001.1120101.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutations in the gene encoding peroxisomal α-methylacyl-CoA racemase cause adult-onset sensory motor neuropathy (2000)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 24 (2000), S. 188-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Sensory motor neuropathy is associated with various inherited disorders including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy/adrenomyeloneuropathy and Refsum disease. In the latter two, the neuropathy is thought to result from the accumulation of specific fatty acids. We ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/72861
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-throughput retroviral tagging to identify components of specific signaling pathways in cancer (2002)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 32 (2002), S. 153-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Genetic screens carried out in lower organisms such as yeast, Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans have revealed many signaling pathways. For example, components of the RAS signaling cascade were identified using a mutant eye phenotype in D. melanogaster as a readout. Screening is ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng950
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