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  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1
    In: Marine and Freshwater Research, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 53, No. 1 ( 2002), p. 1-
    Abstract: Temporal variations in dissolved oxygen, nutrient concentrations and oxygen utilization rates ( 〈 0.7 m fraction) were recorded for almost two years in the subarctic Funka Bay, Japan. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen ranged from 0 to 26 M, phosphate from 0 to 2 M and silicate from 1 to 64 M. There was evidence of nitrogen limitation. Dissolved oxygen concentration ranged from 130 to 440 M, and decreased to 〈 150 M in the bottom layer in summer. The rate of oxygen utilization, attributed to bacterial respiration, ranged from 0.6 to 9.3 M day–1 at 10 m depth, and from 0.8 to 5.0 M day–1 at 90 m depth, and was the principal mechanism causing the decrease in dissolved oxygen in the bottom layer in the summer. Bacterial growth efficiencies calculated for the 10 m and 90 m depths were similar: 1.6–17.2% and 1.4–23.6%, respectively. With the bacterial growth efficiencies 〈 25%, the bacteria in Funka Bay acted as a net sink of carbon, where 〉 75% of the organic matter flux through bacteria could be mineralized to CO2.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1323-1650
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1283028-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 21,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2004
    In:  Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2004-01), p. 47-55
    In: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, Wiley, Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2004-01), p. 47-55
    Abstract: We aimed to study the prevalence of refractive conditions in Singapore teenagers. Grade 9 and 10 students ( n  = 946) aged 15–19 years from two secondary schools in Singapore were recruited. The refractive errors of the students’ eyes were measured using non‐cycloplegic autorefraction. Sociodemographic data and information on risk factors for myopia (such as reading and writing) were also obtained using an interviewer‐administered questionnaire. The prevalence of refractive conditions was found to be: myopia [spherical equivalent (SE) at least −0.50 D] – 73.9%, hyperopia (SE at least +0.50 D) – 1.5%, astigmatism (cylinder at least −0.50 D) – 58.7% and anisometropia (SE difference at least 1.00 D) – 11.2%. After adjusting for age and gender, currently doing more than 20.5 h of reading and writing a week was found to be positively associated with myopia [odds ratio 1.12 (95% CI 1.04–1.20, p  = 0.003)], as was reading and writing at a close distance and a better educational stream. The prevalence of myopia (73.9%) in Singapore teenagers is high. Current reading and writing habits, reading at close distances and a better educational stream are possible risk factors for myopia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0275-5408 , 1475-1313
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008422-5
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