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  • Macmillian Magazines Ltd.  (14)
  • Blackwell Science, Ltd  (8)
  • Blackwell Science Inc  (6)
  • 2000-2004  (28)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organizational Structure and Job Satisfaction in Public Health Nursing (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Public health nursing 21 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1446
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The purpose of this descriptive study was to describe the characteristics and relationship of organizational structure and job satisfaction in public health nursing. A significant relationship was found between organizational structure variables and job satisfaction for public health nurses employed in down state Illinois local health departments. The findings of this study suggest that work environments in which supervisors and subordinates consult together concerning job tasks and decisions, and in which individuals are involved with peers in decision making and task definition, are positively related to job satisfaction. This information will assist nurse administrators in development of work structures that support participative decision making and enhance job satisfaction, critical to retaining and attracting a well-qualified public health nurse workforce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0737-1209.2004.21609.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LocaLisa Catheter Navigation Reduces Fluoroscopy Time and Dosage in Ablation of Atrial Flutter: (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Introduction: Catheter ablation has become a well-established therapy for isthmus-dependent right atrial flutter (AFL). Recently, mapping and ablation of AFL have been performed using sophisticated three-dimensional mapping systems, such as electroanatomic and noncontact mapping systems. The LocaLisa system enables nonfluoroscopic navigation of intracardiac electrode catheters based on impedance changes related to catheter movements in transthoracic current fields. The aim of this randomized prospective study was to compare the efficacy of the LocaLisa system with the conventional mapping/ablation approach for radiofrequency ablation of AFL. Methods and Results: Fifty consecutive patients with AFL (39 men and 11 women; age 65 ± 10 years) were studied. The patients were randomly assigned to undergo radiofrequency ablation guided by a conventional fluoroscopy-based approach (24 patients) or by the LocaLisa system (26 patients). Ablation success rate and documentation of bidirectional isthmus block were 100% in both groups. Compared with fluoroscopy-guided approaches, LocaLisa-guided procedures demonstrated a reduction in total fluoroscopy time from 15.9 ± 10.6 minutes to 7.5 ± 6.5 minutes (P 〈 0.005). Total fluoroscopy dosage was reduced from 21.0 ± 19.8 to 8.7 ± 9.5 Gycm2 (P 〈 0.05). Fluoroscopy time required for ablation was significantly shortened in the LocaLisa group (2.6 ± 2.6 min) compared with the conventional approach group (11 ± 10 min, P 〈 0.0005). In 9 (35%) of 26 patients, the ablation could be performed with a fluoroscopy time ≤1 minute. There were no significant differences with regard to the number of radiofrequency applications, fluoroscopy time needed for diagnostic reasons, total procedure time, or other ablation data. Conclusion: Compared with the conventional approach, the LocaLisa system significantly reduces the fluoroscopy times needed for ablation of typical AFL. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 14, pp. 587-590, June 2003)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.03017.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Onset Mechanism and Waveform Analysis in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Using a High-Resolution Noncontact Mapping System (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Characterization of AF with Noncontact Mapping. Introduction: Information on the spatiotemporal organization of atrial activity at the onset of atrial fibrillation (AF) is limited. Methods and Results: The study consisted of 26 consecutive patients (22 men and 4 women; mean age 56 ± 9 years) with AF in whom the left atrium (LA) was mapped using a noncontact mapping system. At the onset of AF, the AF cycle lengths and wavefronts were analyzed at the site of origin of the triggering atrial premature complex (APC) and five predefined sites within the LA (superior, anterior, posterior, lateral, and septal walls). If repetitive activity was observed at the site of origin of APCs, triggered AF episodes were considered as focally driven. APCs that induced AF had shorter coupling intervals than APCs that did not induce AF (300 ± 41 msec vs 392 ± 64 msec, P 〈 0.001). Immediately after AF onset, repetitive firing was crucial for maintenance of arrhythmia in 52 (80%) of 65 AF episodes. In 13 AF onset episodes (20%), AF was maintained by other mechanisms. The number of LA wavefronts after AF onset was lower in focally driven AF episodes compared with episodes in which no focally driven activity was observed (1.9 ± 0.6 v. 2.3 ± 2.3 wavefronts, P 〈 0.05). After the onset of AF, the posterior wall of the LA showed the earliest disorganized activity (after 5.2 ± 3.1 cycles). Conclusion: In the majority of AF episodes (80%), repetitive firing from the triggering foci may play an important role in maintaining AF immediately after arrhythmia onset. In 20% of the episodes, AF at early stages seems to be maintained by other mechanisms. The capability of APCs to induce AF depends on the coupling interval and the focus localization. The posterior wall of the LA shows the earliest disorganization of wavefronts at the onset of AF. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 14, pp. 176-181, February 2003)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.02322.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical and Angiographic Outcome after Cutting Balloon Angioplasty (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of interventional cardiology 16 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The cutting balloon is a new device for coronary angioplasty, that, by the combination of incision and dilatation of the plaque, is believed to be promising for treatment of in-stent restenosis. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CBA. We reviewed the immediate and 6-month follow-up angiographic and clinical outcome of 147 patients (109 men and 38 women) with a mean age of 67.3 ± 10 undergoing this procedure at eight interventional centers in Austria. The target lesions treated with CBA were in-stent restenosis in 61% of patients, stenosis after balloon angioplasty in 8% of patients, and native lesions in 33% of patients. Sixty-five percent of the patients included had multivessel disease. Lesion type was A in 18% of patients, B1 in 31% of patients, B2 in 39% of patients, and C in 12% of patients. The degree of stenosis was 87%± 9%, the length of the target lesion treated with CBA was 8.8 ± 5.1 mm . Target vessel was left circumflex artery in 22 cases, right coronary artery in 36 cases, and left anterior descending artery in 89 cases. The overall procedural success rate was 90.5%. “Stand-alone” CBA was performed in 63% of patients, the procedure was combined with coronary stenting in 16% of patients, and with balloon angioplasty in 21% of patients. Coronary complications occurred in eight cases (5.4%) with coronary dissection in seven (total dissection rate of 4.7%) and urgent bypass surgery in one case (0.7%). No further complications such as death, occlusion, or perforation of coronary arteries, embolization, or thrombosis were observed. Six-month clinical follow-up revealed q-wave myocardial infarction in 2.7% of patients, aortocoronary bypass surgery in 8.5% of patients, and repeated percutaneous coronary intervention in 17% of patients (11.5% with stenting). Six-month angiographic follow-up of patients with recurrent angina showed target lesion restenosis (〉50% diameter stenosis) in 14% of patients, late lumen loss with ≤50% diameter stenosis in 6% of patients and progression of “other than target” lesions with 〉50% diameter stenosis in 14% of patients. This series demonstrates the safety and feasibility of cutting balloon angioplasty in patients with complex coronary artery disease and in-stent restenosis. (J Interven Cardiol 2003;16:15–21)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8183.2003.08010.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emergency Stent-Graft Placement in Thoracic Aortic Dissection and Evolving Rupture (2003)
    135 Bedford Road, PO Box 418 , Armonk , NY 10504-0418 USA . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiac surgery 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Background: Even with rapid diagnosis and effective medical treatment mortality in type B aortic dissection with evidence of extraaortic leakage of blood remains high. Considering a mortality rate of 29% to 50% associated with emergency surgical repair, the concept of endovascular stent-graft placement may become a life-saving option in impending or evolving rupture by endovascular sealing of the entry tear and subsequent abortion of leakage. Methods: The concept was tested by comparing short-term and 1-year outcomes of 11 patients after emergency endovascular stent-graft placement with historic-matched control patients subjected to conventional therapy. All patients had acute type B dissection complicated by loss of blood into periaortic spaces. Results: Emergency stent-graft placement was successful without periprocedural morbidity, aborted leakage, and ensured reconstruction of the dissected aorta; at a mean follow-up of 15 ± 6 months no death had occurred in the stent-graft group whereas four patients had died with conventional treatment (p 〈 0.05). Conclusion: With appropriate logistics and expertise, type B aortic dissection with leakage and evolving rupture may benefit from nonsurgical reconstruction of the dissected segment by endovascular stent grafts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8191.2003.02082.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of food processing on the allergenicity of celery: DBPCFC with celery spice and cooked celery in patients with celery allergy (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Celery root is often consumed in a processed form as a cooked vegetable or as a spice. So far, however, there has been no information about the allergenicity of processed celery in celery-allergic patients. Methods: In 12 patients with a history of allergic reactions to raw or raw and cooked celery, double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFCs) with raw celery (n = 10), cooked celery (110°C/15 min; n = 11), and celery spice (n = 5) were performed. Nine patients underwent an open mucosal challenge with four samples of canned celery retorted at Co-values (cooking effect) of 7.45–76.07 (corresponding to the time periods in minutes at a thermal influence of 100°C). IgE immunoblot analysis of celery extract was performed with sera of all challenged patients. The thermal stability of celery allergen was investigated by enzyme allergosorbent test (EAST) inhibition. Furthermore, intraperitoneal immunization of mice followed by a rat basophil leukemia (RBL) cell mediator release assay was used as a biological in vitro model to assess the allergenicity of processed celery. Results: Six out of 11 patients showed a positive DBPCFC to cooked celery and five out of five patients to celery spice. Allergenicity of celery was preserved in four patients with a positive DBPCFC to cooked celery even if celery was treated at a Co-value of 76.07. Patients with positive DBPCFC to cooked celery reacted to known celery allergens (Api g 1, Api g 4, cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants CCD). EAST inhibition showed that heat resistance of celery allergens decreases in the following order: CCD 〉 Api g 4 〉 Api g 1. Accordingly, five of six patients with a positive DBPCFC to cooked celery were sensitized to profilin and/or CCD. The murine model reflected the reactivity of patients sensitized to the major allergen Api g 1. Conclusions: 1) In a subset of patients with a positive DBPCFC to cooked celery, celery remains allergenic even after extended thermal treatment (76.07 min/100°C). 2) Celery spice is allergenic for patients with an allergy to raw celery. 3) RBL cells sensitized with mouse IgE to raw celery may serve as a useful tool for screening the potential allergenicity of heat-processed products containing celery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.1o3319.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interferon-γ differentially modulates the release of cytokines and chemokines in lipopolysaccharide- and pneumococcal cell wall-stimulated mouse microglia and macrophages (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: During bacterial infections of the CNS, activated microglia could support leucocyte recruitment to the brain through the synthesis of cyto- and chemokines. In turn, invading leucocytes may feedback on microglial cells to influence their chemokine release pattern. Here, we analyzed the capacity of interferon-γ (IFNγ) to serve as such a leucocyte-to-microglia signal. Production of cyto- and chemokines was stimulated in mouse microglia cultures by treatments with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative Escherichia coli or cell walls from Gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae (PCW). IFNγ presence during the stimulation (0.1–100 ng/mL) modulated the patterns of LPS- and PCW-induced cyto- and chemokine release in a dose-dependent, potent and complex manner. While amounts of TNFα and IL-6 remained nearly unchanged, IFNγ enhanced the production of IL-12, MCP-1 and RANTES, but attenuated that of KC, MIP-1α and MIP-2. Release modulation was obtained with IFNγ preincubation (treatment of cells before LPS or PCW administration), coincubation and even delayed addition to an ongoing LPS or PCW stimulation. Together the changes observed for the microglial chemokine release under IFNγ would shift the chemoattractive profile from favouring neutrophils to a preferential attraction of monocytes and T lymphocyte populations – as actually seen during the course of bacterial meningitis. The findings support the view of activated microglia as a major intrinsic source for an instant production of a variety of chemokines and suggest that leucocyte-derived IFNγ could potentially regulate the microglial chemokine release pattern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.02287.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in early life is associated with increased type 2 cytokine production in Gambian children (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in early childhood has been associated with subsequent wheezing and atopy. The aim of this study was to test if severe RSV infection in early life was associated with an increase in type 2 cytokine production and atopy in Gambian children 5 years later.Methods A cohort of children with severe RSV infection during the first year of life (‘cases’, n = 66) and without (‘controls’, n = 122) was followed-up at 5 years of age. Immediate hypersensitivity to common allergens, airway reactivity, serum IgE concentration and the production of IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-13 by lymphocytes activated in vitro with RSV F-G or control antigens was determined.Results After adjustment for confounders, cases produced significantly higher concentrations of IL-13 in response to RSV F-G and of IL-5 and IL-13 in response to tuberculin. Cases were more likely to have presented with a wheezy lower respiratory tract infection in the first 3 years of life (adjusted odds ratio = 9.9; 95% CI 1.6–61.0), but not thereafter. Cases and controls had similar skin response to allergens, airway reactivity and serum IgE concentrations.Conclusion Severe RSV infection in early life is associated with a higher production of type 2 cytokines in Gambian children at 5 years of age. However this does not appear to result in increased risk of atopy or clinical allergy at that age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2002.01521.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of the Bacillus subtilis fatty acid desaturase in membrane adaptation during cold shock (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 39 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In our attempt to understand the cold shock response of Bacillus subtilis, we report on the role of the B. subtilis fatty acid desaturase (FA-D) Des during membrane adaptation to low temperatures and demonstrate its importance during cold shock. A des null mutant was constructed and analysed in comparison with its parental strain. Growth studies and large-scale comparative fatty acid (FA) analysis revealed a severe cold-sensitive phenotype of the des deletion mutant during the absence of isoleucine and showed that four unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) species differing in length, branching pattern and position of the double bond are synthesized in B. subtilis JH642 but not in the des null mutant. Apart from the lack of UFA synthesis, the FA-D deletion strain showed a dramatically altered saturated fatty acid (SFA) profile at the onset of the stationary growth phase in the presence of exogenous isoleucine sources. Expression of des integrated in trans at the amyE locus of the des deletion strain not only cured the cold-sensitive phenotype observed for the des mutant but allowed much better growth than in strain JH642 after a shift from 37°C to 15°C. These results show that, during cold shock adaptation, des expression can completely replace the isoleucine-dependent, long-term, FA branching adaptation mechanism. We conclude that the crucial aspect in cold adaptation of the cytoplasmic membrane is not its specific molecular composition but rather its physical status in terms of its fluidity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2001.02322.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Horizontal gene transfer and host specificity of beta-haemolytic streptococci: the role of a putative composite transposon containing scpB and lmb (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 41 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Beta-haemolytic streptococci are important human and animal pathogens: their genetic traits that are associated with the ability to infect human hosts remain, however, unclear. The surface protein, Lmb, mediates the adherence of Streptococcus agalactiae to human laminin. For further analysis of the corresponding gene, the adjacent genomic regions were sequenced. Lmb is localized on a putative composite transposon of 16 kb and is flanked by two copies of a novel insertion sequence element (ISSag2). It harbours the genes scpB and lmb, which are 98% identical with the respective genes of Streptococcus pyogenes. Analysis of the distribution of these genes and ISSag2 among 131 streptococcal strains revealed that all of the human isolates, but only 20% (12 of 61) of the animal isolates, contained scpB and lmb or their homologues. To investigate if the putative transposon can be mobilized, an erythromycin resistance marker was incorporated into the lmb gene of S. agalactiae. Screening for mutant strains with a regained susceptibility for erythromycin identified strains with a deletion of scpB, lmb, and one copy of ISSag2. We hypothesize that a horizontal gene transfer caused the exchange of scpB and lmb and that the ability of S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae and group C and G streptococcal strains to colonize or infect human hosts is dependent on their presence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02563.x
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