Note: Literaturverz. S. [279] - 311

Note: Intro -- CONTENTS -- Foreword by Dr Alan Edwards, European Commission -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of abbreviations and acronyms -- List of contributors -- List of SITAR project partners -- PART I The SITAR project: background, goals, project structure -- 1 The SITARproject: background, goals, project structure (A. Caiti) -- PART II Methods -- 2 The parametric side-scan sonar instrument and synthetic aperture sonarprocessing (M. Zakharia and J. Dybedal) -- 3 Multiple-aspect scattering (MAS) measurements (Ph. Blondel, N. G. Pace, N. Jayasundere, M. Cosci, J. M. Hovem and M. A. Larsen) -- 4 Acoustic models for scattering (I. Karasalo and P. Skogqvist) -- 5 Biotoxicity measurements: the nanoinjection technique (T. Hansson, G. Akerman, U. Tjärnlund, K. Grunder, Y. Zebühr, H. Sundberg and L. Balk) -- 6 Processing tools for acoustic 3D images (V. Murino, M. Palmese and A. Trucco) -- 7 Geographic Information Systems for risk assessment of seabed dumping sites (M. Robba, R. Sacile, P. Jonsson and L. Gelaziene) -- PART III Experimental activities -- 8 Scaled multiple-aspect scattering tank experiments (Ph. Blondel, N. Jayasundere, P. F. Dobbins and M. Cosci) -- 9 Full-scale tank parametric side-scan sonar test (M. Zakharia) -- 10 The sea trial site in Möja Söderfjärd: biological sampling (P. Jonsson and T. Hansson) -- 11 Acoustic sea trial in thr Möja Söderfjärd dumpsite (P. Moren, A. Caiti, M. Zakharia, M. A. Larsen, Ph. Blondel and J. Dybedal ) -- PART IV Results -- 12 Geoacoustic inversion (M. A. Larsen and J. M. Hovem) -- 13 Buried waste localization: the parametric, synthetic aperture, side-scan sonar (M. Zakharia and J. Dybedal) -- 14 Buried waste inspection: acoustical images and inversion from multipleaspect scattering (I. Karasalo, P. Skogqvist, Ph. Blondel and P. F. Dobbins). , 15 Results of the biotoxicity measurements (T. Hansson, G. Akerman, U.Tjärnlund, K. Grunder, Y. Zebühr, H. Sundberg and L. Balk) -- 16 3D acoustical image analysis and feature extraction (A. Caiti, V. Murino, M. Palmese, A. Trucco and M. Zakharia) -- PART V Evaluation -- 17 GIS-based data presentation system (A. Caiti, M. Robba, R. Sacile, P. Jonsson and L. Gelaziene) -- 18 Biotoxicological methods (P. Jonsson) -- 19 Acoustical methods (M. Zakharia, Ph. Blondel, J. Dybedal, I. Karasalo, J. M. Hovem, A. Trucco, M. Robba and A. Caiti) -- PART VI Conclusions -- 20 Conclusions (A. Caiti) -- References -- Index.

Note: Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Figures -- Tables -- Abbreviations and acronyms -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Book overview -- 2 Acoustic signals and data aquisition -- 2.1 Sonar mapping systems -- 2.2 Acoustic theory -- basics -- 2.2.1 Acoustic waves -- 2.2.2 Acoustic propagation -- 2.2.3 Acoustic scattering -- theory -- 2.3 Signal generation and data acquisition -- 2.3.1 Acoustic Projectors -- 2.3.2 Hydrophones and arrays -- 2.3.3 Signal conditioning -- 2.4 New concepts -- new tools -- 2.4.1 Higher frequencies -- higher resolutions -- 2.4.2 Multistatic sonars -- 2.4.3 Synthetic aperture sonar -- 2.4.4 Parametric sidescan sonar -- 2.4.5 Biomimetics -- 2.5 Sonar performance -- 2.6 Conclusion -- 2.7 Further reading -- 3 Imagery and bathymetry -- 3.1 Processing acoustic measurements -- 3.2 Sidescan sonar imagery -- 3.2.1 Slant range and ground rage -- 3.2.2 Backscatter stregth -- 3.3 Adding bathymetry -- 3.3.1 Sidescan bathymetry and interferometry -- 3.3.2 Multibeam bathymetry -- 3.4 Merging imagery and bathymetry -- 3.5 Conclusion -- 3.6 Further reading -- 4 Sidescan sonar data processing -- 4.1 Backscatter profiles -- 4.2 Navigation and attitude -- 4.2.1 Navigation of surface vehicles -- 4.2.2 Navigation of underwater vehicles -- 4.2.3 Attitude information -- 4.3 Pre-processing -- 4.3.1 Definations -- 4.3.2 Data formats -- 4.3.3 Navigation pre-processing -- 4.3.4 Attitude pre-processing -- 4.4 Radiometric corrections -- 4.4.1 Requantization -- 4.4.2 Across-track corrections -- 4.4.3 Along-track corrections -- 4.5 Geometric corrections -- 4.5.1 Slant-range correction -- 4.5.2 Anamorphosis -- 4.6 Bathymetry processing -- 4.7 Map production -- 4.7.1 Mosaicking/Stenciling -- 4.7.2 Interpolation/Rubbersheeting -- 4.8 Post-processing -- 4.8.1 Image statistics -- 4.8.2 Histogram manipulations. , 4.8.3 Speckle removal -- 4.8.4 Sea surface reflection removal -- 4.9 Operational examples -- 4.10 Interpretation of sonar images -- 4.11 Conclusion -- 4.12 Further reading -- 5 Spreading and subduction -- 5.1 Plate tectonics and the seafloor -- 5.2 Tectonic structures -- 5.3 Volcanic structures -- 5.4 Sedimented areas -- 5.5 Hydrothermal structures -- 5.6 Seafloor structures associated with subduction -- 5.7 Examples of regional imagery -- 5.8 Conclusions -- 5.9 Further reading -- 6 Abyssal basins and the polar seas -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Using ancillary information -- 6.2.1 Other acoustic tools -- 6.2.2 Non-acoustic remote sensing -- 6.2.3 Direct sampling -- 6.3 Abyssal basins -- 6.3.1 Geological background -- 6.3.2 Sediment input -- 6.3.3 Relict structures -- 6.3.4 Sedimentary structures -- 6.4 Polar seas -- 6.4.1 General setting -- 6.4.2 Ice-related structures -- 6.4.3 Other typical structures -- 6.5 Regional imagery: the Hawaiian Abyssal Plain -- 6.6 Conclusion -- 6.7 Further reading -- 7 Continental margins -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Sedimentary structures -- 7.2.1 Sediment deposition and erosion -- 7.2.2 Sediment transport-submarine canyons -- 7.2.3 Mass-wasting, slides, and flows -- 7.2.4 Sediment redistribution -- 7.3 Tectonic and volcanic structures -- 7.4 Other structures -- 7.4.1 Biological activity-past and present -- 7.4.2 Fluid and gas seepage structures -- 7.4.3 Brine pools -- 7.5 Regional imagery -- 7.5.1 The Blake Escarpment, North Atlantic -- 7.5.2 The Almería Canyon and Almería Margin, Mediterranean Sea -- 7.6 Conclusions -- 7.7 Further reading -- 8 Shallow-water environments -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Sedimentary structures -- 8.3 Rock outcrops -- 8.4 Biological stucutures -- 8.5 Regional imagery -- 8.6 Conclusion -- 8.7 Further reading -- 9 Man-made structures -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Planned structures. , 9.2.1 Pipelines-cables -- 9.2.2 Dump sites -- 9.2.3 Harbor areas -- 9.2.4 Seabed resources and their exploitation -- 9.3 Accidental structures -- 9.3.1 Fishing activities -- 9.3.2 Shipwrecks -- 9.3.3 Pollution -- 9.4 Seabed waste and military mines -- 9.4.1 Seabed waste -- 9.4.2 Military mines -- 9.5 Sonars and underwater archeology -- 9.6 Conclusion -- 9.7 Further reading -- 10 Anomalies and artifacts -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Propagation artifacts -- 10.2.1 Water column variations -- 10.2.2 Beam spreading -- 10.2.3 Acoustic noise -- 10.3 Physical (scattering) artifacts -- 10.3.1 Sub-surface reflections -- 10.3.2 Multipath scattering -- 10.3.3 Unexpected features -- 10.4 Processing artifacts -- 10.4.1 Radiometric artifacts -- 10.4.2 Geometric artifacts -- 10.4.3 Slant-range correction-layover -- 10.4.4 Identifying the origin of artifacts -- 10.5 Interpretation of artifacts -- 10.5.1 Output/display artifacts -- 10.5.2 Unexpected features -- 10.6 Conclusion -- 10.7 Further reading -- 11 Computer-assisted interpretation -- 11.1 Inroduction -- 11.2 Traditional techniques -- 11.2.1 Image enhancement -- 11.2.2 Contour-oriented analyses -- 11.2.3 Texture-oriented analyses -- 11.3 New techniques -- 11.3.1 Data Fusion and Geographic Information Systems -- 11.3.2 Neural networks and genetic algorithms -- 11.3.3 Image compression -- 11.4 Seabed characterization -- 11.4.1 Goals, purposes, limits -- 11.4.2 Applications -- 11.5 Artificial Intelligence-expert systems -- 11.6 Conclusion -- 11.7 Further reading -- 12 Conclusion -- References -- Index.