Note: Cover -- Contents -- Donors -- Acknowledgments -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- Preface -- Plates -- 1 Setting and Background -- The Eruption of the George River Caribou Herd -- Ungava -- Boundaries of Vegetative Zones -- Plant Species Composition of Vegetative Zones -- Forest Fires -- Mammalian Fauna -- Those Other Animals -- Native Inhabitants -- 2 Taxonomy, Ecotypes, Herds, and Morphology -- Ecotypes -- Migratory Herds -- Morphology -- 3 The Return of Caribou to Ungava after the Last Ice Age -- Postglacial Dispersal and Ecotypes -- Recolonization -- 4 The Abundance and Distribution of Sedentary Caribou -- Distribution -- Population Dynamics Background -- Population Dynamics of the Major Herds -- Population Regulation and Management -- 5 Past Population Fluctuations -- Postglacial Distribution of Ungava Caribou -- Historical Distribution -- Past Fluctuation of Numbers -- At Home in the Wilderness: The Mushuau Innu and Caribou -- 6 Causal Factors in Historical Fluctuations -- Early Explanations -- A Recent Hypothesis: Increased Snow Cover -- Shortage of Green Forage and Cold Springs -- 7 Forage and Range -- Range Survey, 1988-89 -- Food Preferences -- The Condition of Winter Pastures -- The Condition of Summer Pastures -- Activity and Energy Budgets -- Range Trends -- A Look Ahead -- 8 Body and Antler Growth -- The Measurement of Growth and Body Size -- Body Size -- Fetal Growth -- Birth Mass of Calves -- Growth of Calves and Yearlings -- Retarded Growth and Compensation -- Adult Body Mass -- Antler Size -- Growth and Demography -- 9 Physical Condition -- Antler and Calving Indexes -- Antler Condition Index -- Female Antler Casting -- Chewing of Antlers -- Calving Chronology -- Nutrition and Antler Casting -- Liver Weights -- Fat Cycle -- Energy Expenditure during Migration -- Migration/Habitat Strategies and Fat Deposition. , Fat Deposition Strategies -- Trends in Condition Indices -- 10 Recruitment, Mortality, and Population Growth -- Basic Indices -- Pregnancy/Parous Rates -- Calf Mortality Statistics -- Adult Mortality -- Population Growth -- The Decline Phase, 1988-93 -- 11 Limiting Factors -- Starvation -- Accidents -- Hunting Mortality -- Weather Factors -- Disease and Parasite -- Predation -- Differential Mortality of Males and Females -- 12 The Use of Space -- Aerial Surveys and Radio Monitoring -- The Centre of Habitation -- Range Expansion -- Range Contraction -- Range Predictability -- Calving, Rutting, and Winter Distributions -- Movement Routes -- Releasing/Expansion Densities -- The "Social Stimulus" Concept -- Density-Dependent Changes in the Use of Space -- 13 Environmental Factors in Distribution and Movement -- Basic Quantification Methods -- Seasonal Changes in Mobility -- Annual Dispersion and Fidelity in Distributions -- Environmental Influences on Seasonal Distributions -- 14 Optimal Foraging and Predation Risk in the Winter and Growing Season -- Distribution Strategy in Winter -- Spacing Strategy in the Growing Season -- Competitive Interference at High Densities -- Global Warming and Optimal Foraging/Predation Risk -- 15 Spacing Theory of Calving and Migration -- Migration Hypotheses -- Nutrition Destination Hypothesis -- Predation Displacement Hypothesis -- The Location and Shifting of Calving Grounds -- Females Shifted to Reduce Predation Risk -- Snow Cover on Calving Grounds -- Calving Grounds at Maximum Distance from Tree Line -- Density Dependence of Calving Ground Location -- Timing of Births -- Synchrony of Births -- Homing and Navigation -- Experimental Evidence of True Navigation -- Birth Site Fidelity -- Homing of Yearlings -- 16 Population Regulation -- Parturition Rates -- Summer Calf Mortality -- Winter Mortality of Calves. , Adult Mortality -- The Foraging Carrying Capacity -- Winter Starvation -- Range Fecundity and Calf Survival -- Population Model -- A Shortage of Summer Foods -- Final Comments -- Appendix: Summer Energy Budgets for Lactating Females -- Bibliography -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W.