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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Microelectrode Array Fabrication by Micro-WEDM
    Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. ; 2009
    In:  Advanced Materials Research Vol. 69-70 ( 2009-5), p. 79-82
    Details
    In: Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Vol. 69-70 ( 2009-5), p. 79-82
    Abstract: In the paper, in order to overcome machining limits in throughput and precision because of positioning error and tool wear of a single tool electrode, a method for the microelectrode array fabrication by micro-WEDM is described and assessed. Characteristics of the microelectrode array fabrication by micro-WEDM, such as machining open voltage, pulse peak current, discharge duration and servo feed rate so on, are investigated through a series of experiments. A 10 10 squared electrode array is machined by micro-WEDM and the width of each squared electrode is about 40µm. The microelectrode array with good quality is obtained by applying decreased open voltage and peak current, increased discharge duration and optimized machining speed. Then micro hole-array is processed by applying obtained electrode array in micro-EDM method. The diameter of each squared hole in the array is about 50 µm due to appropriate control strategy that per micro pulse energy is decreased and periodic jump-down is applied during the machining process. Experiments have demonstrated that the combination process of microelectrode array fabricated by micro-WEDM and micro-hole array done by micro-EDM is a novel method of process which makes it more feasible and efficient to fabricate microelectrode array and high-density hole-array.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.69-70
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.69-70.79
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2265002-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Study on Technology of Micro-EDM with Lower Working Voltage
    Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. ; 2006
    In:  Materials Science Forum Vol. 532-533 ( 2006-12), p. 225-228
    Details
    In: Materials Science Forum, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Vol. 532-533 ( 2006-12), p. 225-228
    Abstract: This paper presents new machining technology of micro-EDM with lower working voltage in RC pulse power source. How to control the discharging energy of one pulse supplied by RC power is crucial to the technology of micro-EDM. The process of discharging has been studied, then the feasibility of machining with lower working voltage has been put forward, in order to reduce the discharge energy of one pulse effectively. On the basis of a great deal of experiments, the effect of working voltage on surface quality is studied, also the effect of working voltage on machining efficiency has been found out and been analyzed theoretically. The result shows that lower working voltage can reduce the working energy observably, and then improve the machining surface quality attended by reducing of machining efficiency. However, there is a good machining effect when the working voltage is about 15~20V. Considering working efficiency, a new technology of block electro-discharge grinding (BEDG) with lower working voltage has been applied. As shown by the experimental result with the technology, the minimum diameter of micro-shaft reaches 32m. Moreover, the micro-shaft has very high surface quality of Ra 0.1252m and its coaxial diameter error is controlled within 0.152m.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.532-533
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.532-533.225
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2047372-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Study on Technology of Block Electro-Discharge Grinding with Lower Working Voltage for Fabricating Micro Electrode
    Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. ; 2008
    In:  Key Engineering Materials Vol. 375-376 ( 2008-3), p. 303-307
    Details
    In: Key Engineering Materials, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Vol. 375-376 ( 2008-3), p. 303-307
    Abstract: Micro electrical discharge machining (EDM) with block electro discharge grinding (BEDG), is explored and assessed as a method for developing micro electrode, for wire electro discharge grinding (WEDG) has shortcoming of low working efficiency, especially in the case of micro machining. For fabricating micro electrode by BEDG, mechanics of initial clamping errors are analyzed, the technology of electrode movement is proposed to compensate the clamping errors and control the finish size of micro electrodes. On the basis of a great deal of experiments, the effect of working voltage on machining efficiency has been found out and been analyzed theoretically, threshold value of working voltage is determined to be about 30V.As shown by result with the technology, at a high machining speed, the minimum diameter of micro electrodes reaches 3*m, its slenderness ratio is more than 5.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-9795
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.375-376
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.375-376.303
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2073306-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental Study of Microelectrode Array and Micro-Hole Array Fabricated by Ultrasonic Enhanced Micro-EDM
    Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. ; 2007
    In:  Key Engineering Materials Vol. 364-366 ( 2007-12), p. 482-487
    Details
    In: Key Engineering Materials, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Vol. 364-366 ( 2007-12), p. 482-487
    Abstract: Micro electrical discharge machining (EDM), enhanced with ultrasonic vibration, is explored and assessed as a method for developing microelectrode array, for microelectrode array fabricated by LIGA has shortcomings such as complex technology and high price. Based on the mechanism of micro-EDM, micro-hole array discharges to fabricate microelectrode array by reverse copying. In the process of reverse copying, the thicker rod electrode can not rotate, resulting in electric arc and short-circuit occurring easily, so it is necessary to add ultrasonic vibration on the plane plate electrode, in order to exclude debris as soon as possible and stabilize machining process. In the process of machining, four parameters, such as working voltage, working capacity, ultrasonic amplitude and holes spacing, are important to machining efficiency, each parameter has four typical values. In order to reduce experiment times, a scheme of orthogonal experiment was designed with different parameters combination. With result of experiments, the ratio of mean square deviation to error mean square deviation of each parameter was calculated and significance of each parameter was obtained, and the best parameters combination was asserted through theoretical calculation. Also, experimental study of using microelectrode array to machine micro-hole array by Micro- EDM was made and influence curve of each parameter was drawn. Finally, 5×5 arrays of microelectrode were obtained, the diameter of single electrode is less than about 30.m and heightto- width aspect ratios is more than 8, moreover, these microelectrode arrays have good coaxiality and surface quality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-9795
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.364-366
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.364-366.482
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2073306-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Study on the Influence Factors of Electrochemical Micromachining
    Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. ; 2007
    In:  Key Engineering Materials Vol. 364-366 ( 2007-12), p. 903-908
    Details
    In: Key Engineering Materials, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Vol. 364-366 ( 2007-12), p. 903-908
    Abstract: There are many influence factors of electrochemical micromachining (EMM) development. So the characteristics of EMM technology were analyzed firstly. It was an effective method that the nanosecond pulses voltage was used in EMM, and the nanosecond pulses voltage was prepared to solve the problems of machining area, using small gap, and machining micro 3D structure. Its minimum pulse duration is 5ns, and its voltage, current, and duty ratio can be changed freely. Moreover, many experiments of EMM were carried into execution. After the phenomenon and results of the experiments were analyzed, the reformative project of experiment was put forward. The feasibility of the project and technique route was testified correctly by the nanosecond pulses voltage on the multifunction machine tool which was manufactured independently. After studying on the influences of EMM technology, the experiences of EMM process will be enriched and make EMM have a further development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-9795
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.364-366
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.364-366.903
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2073306-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SnoRNAs from the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa: structural, functional and evolutionary insights
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2009
    In:  BMC Genomics Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2009-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Genomics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2009-12)
    Abstract: SnoRNAs represent an excellent model for studying the structural and functional evolution of small non-coding RNAs involved in the post-transcriptional modification machinery for rRNAs and snRNAs in eukaryotic cells. Identification of snoRNAs from Neurospora crassa , an important model organism playing key roles in the development of modern genetics, biochemistry and molecular biology will provide insights into the evolution of snoRNA genes in the fungus kingdom. Results Fifty five box C/D snoRNAs were identified and predicted to guide 71 2'-O-methylated sites including four sites on snRNAs and three sites on tRNAs. Additionally, twenty box H/ACA snoRNAs, which potentially guide 17 pseudouridylations on rRNAs, were also identified. Although not exhaustive, the study provides the first comprehensive list of two major families of snoRNAs from the filamentous fungus N. crassa . The independently transcribed strategy dominates in the expression of box H/ACA snoRNA genes, whereas most of the box C/D snoRNA genes are intron-encoded. This shows that different genomic organizations and expression modes have been adopted by the two major classes of snoRNA genes in N. crassa . Remarkably, five gene clusters represent an outstanding organization of box C/D snoRNA genes, which are well conserved among yeasts and multicellular fungi, implying their functional importance for the fungus cells. Interestingly, alternative splicing events were found in the expression of two polycistronic snoRNA gene hosts that resemble the UHG-like genes in mammals. Phylogenetic analysis further revealed that the extensive separation and recombination of two functional elements of snoRNA genes has occurred during fungus evolution. Conclusion This is the first genome-wide analysis of the filamentous fungus N. crassa snoRNAs that aids in understanding the differences between unicellular fungi and multicellular fungi. As compared with two yeasts, a more complex pattern of methylation guided by box C/D snoRNAs in multicellular fungus than in unicellular yeasts was revealed, indicating the high diversity of post-transcriptional modification guided by snoRNAs in the fungus kingdom.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2164
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-515
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041499-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CHRONIC MORPHINE EXPOSURE AFFECTS VISUAL RESPONSE LATENCY OF THE LATERAL GENICULATE NUCLEUS IN CATS
    Wiley ; 2008
    In:  Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology Vol. 35, No. 10 ( 2008-10), p. 1222-1226
    Details
    In: Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 10 ( 2008-10), p. 1222-1226
    Abstract: Chronic morphine exposure results in degradation of the functional properties of cortical cells. However, little evidence has been reported about the effect of morphine on the temporal properties of the visual system. We compared the visual response latency of different cells of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) in morphine (10 mg/mL)‐ and saline‐treated cats. Morphine‐treated cats were given morphine sulphate by cervical subcutaneous injection twice daily for 10 days, whereas saline‐treated cats received injections of 0.9% saline instead. We found that LGN neurons in morphine‐treated cats exhibited significantly longer response latency than those in saline‐treated cats ( P   〈  0.001). To investigate whether different types of neurons exhibited similar changes in response to morphine, we classified LGN neurons as on‐ and off‐centre, X and Y, and layer A, A1 and C neurons. There was a tendency for prolonged latency in layer C neurons and a significantly longer latency for the other neurons in morphine‐treated cats ( P   〈  0.05). These findings suggest that chronic morphine administration (10 mg/kg by cervical subcutaneous injection twice daily for 10 days) delays information transfer earlier in the visual pathway.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-1870 , 1440-1681
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/cep.2008.35.issue-10
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2008.04982.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020033-X
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    KDR expression is associated with the stage and cigarette smoking of the patients with lung cancer
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2007
    In:  Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology Vol. 133, No. 9 ( 2007-7-16), p. 635-642
    Details
    In: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 133, No. 9 ( 2007-7-16), p. 635-642
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0171-5216 , 1432-1335
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00432-007-0214-0
    RVK:
    XA 52301
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1459285-X
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A “Star” Antiferromagnet: A Polymeric Iron(III) Acetate That Exhibits Both Spin Frustration and Long-Range Magnetic Ordering
    Wiley ; 2007
    In:  Angewandte Chemie Vol. 119, No. 32 ( 2007-08-13), p. 6188-6192
    Details
    In: Angewandte Chemie, Wiley, Vol. 119, No. 32 ( 2007-08-13), p. 6188-6192
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0044-8249 , 1521-3757
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ange.v119:32
    DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1521-3757
    DOI: 10.1002/ange.200701954
    RVK:
    VA 2100
    RVK:
    VN 5020
    Language: German
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 505868-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 506609-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 514305-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 505872-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479266-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 505867-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 506259-7
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    FastCluster: a graph theory based algorithm for removing redundant sequences
    Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering Vol. 02, No. 08 ( 2009), p. 621-625
    Details
    In: Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Scientific Research Publishing, Inc., Vol. 02, No. 08 ( 2009), p. 621-625
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1937-6871 , 1937-688X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4236/jbise.2009.28090
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2571609-8
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