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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Serum Vaspin Concentrations in Human Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes
    American Diabetes Association ; 2008
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 57, No. 2 ( 2008-02-01), p. 372-377
    Details
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 57, No. 2 ( 2008-02-01), p. 372-377
    Abstract: OBJECTIVE— Vaspin was identified as an adipokine with insulin-sensitizing effects, which is predominantly secreted from visceral adipose tissue in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. We have recently shown that vaspin mRNA expression in adipose tissue is related to parameters of obesity and glucose metabolism. However, the regulation of vaspin serum concentrations in human obesity and type 2 diabetes is unknown. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— For the measurement of vaspin serum concentrations, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Using this ELISA, we assessed circulating vaspin in a cross-sectional study of 187 subjects with a wide range of obesity, body fat distribution, insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance and in 60 individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), or type 2 diabetes before and after a 4-week physical training program. RESULTS— Vaspin serum concentrations were significantly higher in female compared with male subjects. There was no difference in circulating vaspin between individuals with NGT and type 2 diabetes. In the normal glucose-tolerant group, circulating vaspin significantly correlated with BMI and insulin sensitivity. Moreover, physical training for 4 weeks resulted in significantly increased circulating vaspin levels. CONCLUSIONS— We found a sexual dimorphism in circulating vaspin. Elevated vaspin serum concentrations are associated with obesity and impaired insulin sensitivity, whereas type 2 diabetes seems to abrogate the correlation between increased circulating vaspin, higher body weight, and decreased insulin sensitivity. Low circulating vaspin correlates with a high fitness level, whereas physical training in untrained individuals causes increased vaspin serum concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/db07-1045
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501252-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Serum Levels of Adipokine Retinol-Binding Protein-4 in Relation to Renal Function
    American Diabetes Association ; 2007
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 30, No. 10 ( 2007-10-01), p. 2588-2592
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 30, No. 10 ( 2007-10-01), p. 2588-2592
    Abstract: OBJECTIVE—Retinol-binding protein (RBP)-4 was recently identified as an adipokine that induces insulin resistance. In the current study, we investigated RBP-4 serum levels in diabetic and nondiabetic patients on chronic hemodialysis (CD) compared with control subjects with a glomerular filtration rate & gt;50 ml/min. The majority of the diabetic subjects used oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—RBP-4 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in control subjects (n = 59) and CD patients (n = 58) and correlated with clinical and biochemical measures of renal function, glucose and lipid metabolism, and inflammation in both groups. RESULTS—Mean serum RBP-4 levels were almost fourfold higher in CD patients (102 ± 30 mg/l) compared with control subjects (28 ± 8 mg/l). Furthermore, serum creatinine independently predicted RBP-4 concentrations in multiple regression analyses in both control subjects and CD patients. In addition, C-reactive protein and systolic blood pressure independently and negatively correlated with RBP-4 serum concentrations in CD patients but not control subjects. In contrast, markers of glucose and lipid metabolism were not independently related to serum RBP-4 in control subjects or CD patients. CONCLUSIONS—We show that markers of renal function are independently related to serum RBP-4 levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc07-0275
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elevated serum levels of adiponectin in children, adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes and the impact of age, gender, body mass index and metabolic control: a longitudinal study
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2007
    In:  European Journal of Endocrinology Vol. 157, No. 4 ( 2007-10), p. 481-489
    Details
    In: European Journal of Endocrinology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 157, No. 4 ( 2007-10), p. 481-489
    Abstract: Objective : Adiponectin plays an important role in pathophysiology of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine adiponectin concentrations in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in a longitudinal manner and to study the impact of age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and metabolic control. Research design and methods : In this study, 88 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes were followed longitudinally. At baseline and during follow-up, serum levels of adiponectin were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay and correlated with clinical data, HbA1c and lipids. Healthy children ( n = 259) were chosen as a control group. Results : Serum adiponectin levels were significantly higher in children with type 1 diabetes compared with healthy children (13.1 vs 9.1 μg/ml at baseline, P 〈 0.001). Adiponectin concentrations inversely correlated with BMI s.d .s ( P 〈 0.001). No significant difference of adiponectin levels regarding gender, diabetes duration or HbA1c was seen. Adiponectin concentrations decreased in males with type 1 diabetes during puberty ( P = 0.03) while there was no significant change in females. In a subgroup of patients with new onset type 1 diabetes, adiponectin concentrations were not different from adiponectin levels in control subjects but increased during follow-up ( P = 0.007). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that most important predictors of adiponectin levels in type 1 diabetes at the end of the study were adiponectin concentration at baseline (β = 0.574, P 〈 0.001) and BMI s.d .s (β = −0.302, P = 0.001, r 2 = 0.56). Conclusions : Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes have BMI-dependent elevated serum concentrations of adiponectin compared with healthy children.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0804-4643 , 1479-683X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1530/EJE-07-0250
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1485160-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in girls and women with Turner syndrome
    Elsevier BV ; 2006
    In:  International Congress Series Vol. 1298 ( 2006-10), p. 63-70
    Details
    In: International Congress Series, Elsevier BV, Vol. 1298 ( 2006-10), p. 63-70
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0531-5131
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2006.06.010
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2112888-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Total and High–Molecular Weight Adiponectin in Relation to Metabolic Variables at Baseline and in Response to an Exercise Treatment Program
    American Diabetes Association ; 2007
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2007-02-01), p. 280-285
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2007-02-01), p. 280-285
    Abstract: OBJECTIVE—Adiponectin, an adipocyte-secreted hormone, circulates in the serum in several multimeric forms. Compared with total adiponectin, high–molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin has been suggested to be a better predictor of metabolic parameters and insulin sensitivity in humans. Our objective was to compare total adiponectin with HMW adiponectin as predictors of metabolic variables and insulin sensitivity at both baseline and after an exercise intervention. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We obtained blood samples from 60 men and women with normal glucose tolerance (n = 20), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (n = 20), or type 2 diabetes (n = 20) at baseline and after 4 weeks of training to measure metabolic variables. Using commercially available assays, we measured plasma total adiponectin using LINCO, Mediagnost, and ALPCO assays and HMW adiponectin using an ALPCO assay. RESULTS—HMW adiponectin and total adiponectin (ALPCO) had similar ability to predict the presence of insulin resistance. Total adiponectin, as measured by radioimmunoassay (LINCO) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Mediagnost), correlated most strongly with measures of insulin sensitivity (P & lt; 0.01) and lipid profile (P & lt; 0.01) at baseline, showed greater improvements of adiponectin levels (P & lt; 0.001), was more closely associated with improvements of lipid measures with exercise training (P & lt; 0.01), and more accurately predicted insulin resistance and IGT in comparison with total adiponectin or HMW measured with the ALPCO ELISA. CONCLUSIONS—These results do not support the superiority of HMW over total adiponectin (measured using currently available assays) in assessing metabolic variables at baseline or in response to physical training. Moreover, there are significant differences in the ability of commercially available assays for total adiponectin to predict metabolic variables.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc06-1362
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Serum Levels of the Adipokine Vaspin in Relation to Metabolic and Renal Parameters
    The Endocrine Society ; 2008
    In:  The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 93, No. 1 ( 2008-01-01), p. 247-251
    Details
    In: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Endocrine Society, Vol. 93, No. 1 ( 2008-01-01), p. 247-251
    Abstract: Context: Recently, vaspin was identified as an insulin-sensitizing adipokine. However, regulation of this adipocyte-secreted factor in human disease has not been determined. Objective: We investigated vaspin serum concentrations in diabetic and nondiabetic patients on chronic hemodialysis (CD) as compared with controls with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) above 50 ml/min. Design: Vaspin was quantified by ELISA in control (n = 60) and CD (n = 60) patients and correlated to clinical and biochemical measures of renal function, glucose, and lipid metabolism, as well as inflammation, in both groups. Results: Mean serum vaspin concentrations were not significantly different between CD patients and controls. Circulating vaspin was significantly lower in males (0.6 ± 0.9 μg/liter) as compared with females (1.3 ± 1.5 μg/liter) and was decreased in insulin-treated subjects. In univariate analyses, vaspin levels positively correlated with age and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and negatively with waist-to-hip ratio and GFR in control patients, whereas the adipokine was negatively associated with GFR and C-reactive protein (CRP) in CD patients. In multivariate analyses, age and gender were independently associated with vaspin in controls, whereas gender, GFR, and CRP independently predicted circulating vaspin in CD patients. Conclusions: Vaspin levels are significantly higher in women, and gender is an independent predictor of circulating vaspin in both control and CD patients. In addition, age independently predicts vaspin in control patients, whereas GFR and CRP are independently associated with this adipokine in CD patients. In contrast, circulating vaspin is not independently associated with markers of glucose and lipid metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-972X , 1945-7197
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1210/jc.2007-1853
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Endocrine Society
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026217-6
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic Architecture of Tameness in a Rat Model of Animal Domestication
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2009
    In:  Genetics Vol. 182, No. 2 ( 2009-06-01), p. 541-554
    Details
    In: Genetics, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 182, No. 2 ( 2009-06-01), p. 541-554
    Abstract: A common feature of domestic animals is tameness—i.e., they tolerate and are unafraid of human presence and handling. To gain insight into the genetic basis of tameness and aggression, we studied an intercross between two lines of rats (Rattus norvegicus) selected over & gt;60 generations for increased tameness and increased aggression against humans, respectively. We measured 45 traits, including tameness and aggression, anxiety-related traits, organ weights, and levels of serum components in & gt;700 rats from an intercross population. Using 201 genetic markers, we identified two significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) for tameness. These loci overlap with QTL for adrenal gland weight and for anxiety-related traits and are part of a five-locus epistatic network influencing tameness. An additional QTL influences the occurrence of white coat spots, but shows no significant effect on tameness. The loci described here are important starting points for finding the genes that cause tameness in these rats and potentially in domestic animals in general.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1943-2631
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1534/genetics.109.102186
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477228-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beneficial Effects of a 4-Week Exercise Program on Plasma Concentrations of Adhesion Molecules
    American Diabetes Association ; 2007
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 30, No. 3 ( 2007-03-01), p. e1-e1
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 30, No. 3 ( 2007-03-01), p. e1-e1
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc06-1760
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of a 4 week physical training program on plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers in patients with abnormal glucose tolerance
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2006
    In:  European Journal of Endocrinology Vol. 154, No. 4 ( 2006-04), p. 577-585
    Details
    In: European Journal of Endocrinology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 154, No. 4 ( 2006-04), p. 577-585
    Abstract: Objective : Subclinical chronic inflammation could be a unifying factor linking type 2 diabetes (T2D) and atherosclerosis. The beneficial effects of physical activity on a reduced risk of coronary heart disease could at least in part be mediated by improved markers of inflammation. Research design and methods : The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 4 weeks of physical training on plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin and IL-10 in 60 individuals with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or T2D. Results : In patients with IGT and T2D, significant improvement in body fat, fitness level, glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity after 4 weeks of physical training was associated with significantly improved plasma concentrations of adiponectin and CRP, but not IL-6. Regression analysis demonstrated only for the anti-inflammatory parameters adiponectin and IL-10 a significant relationship with the decrease in fasting plasma glucose, whereas changes in IL-6 and CRP were not significantly related to changes in fasting plasma glucose, body fat, maximal oxygen uptake, or insulin sensitivity. In a multivariate linear regression analysis, only changes in circulating adiponectin, fasting plasma glucose and percentage body fat were determinants of changes in insulin sensitivity. Conclusions : Physical training was associated with a near normalization of adiponectin and CRP plasma concentrations in subjects with IGT and T2D. Increased insulin sensitivity after training was most strongly related to changes in adiponectin plasma concentrations, in fasting plasma glucose and percentage body fat, whereas changes in IL-6, IL-10 and CRP plasma concentrations did not significantly contribute to improved insulin sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0804-4643 , 1479-683X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1530/eje.1.02127
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1485160-X
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Serum levels of the adipokine visfatin are increased in pre-eclampsia
    Wiley ; 2008
    In:  Clinical Endocrinology Vol. 69, No. 1 ( 2008-07), p. 69-73
    Details
    In: Clinical Endocrinology, Wiley, Vol. 69, No. 1 ( 2008-07), p. 69-73
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0300-0664 , 1365-2265
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.03147.x
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2004597-9
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