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  • SAGE Publications  (6)
  • 2005-2009  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cost-effectiveness of voluntary HIV screening in Russia
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  International Journal of STD & AIDS Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 46-51
    Details
    In: International Journal of STD & AIDS, SAGE Publications, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 46-51
    Abstract: Russia has one of the world's fastest growing HIV epidemics, and HIV screening has been widespread. Whether such screening is an effective use of resources is unclear. We used epidemiologic and economic data from Russia to develop a Markov model to estimate costs, quality of life and survival associated with a voluntary HIV screening programme compared with no screening in Russia. We measured discounted lifetime health-care costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained. We varied our inputs in sensitivity analysis. Early identification of HIV through screening provided a substantial benefit to persons with HIV, increasing life expectancy by 2.1 years and 1.7 QALYs. At a base-case prevalence of 1.2%, once-per-lifetime screening cost $13,396 per QALY gained, exclusive of benefit from reduced transmission. Cost-effectiveness of screening remained favourable until prevalence dropped below 0.04%. When HIV-transmission-related costs and benefits were included, once-per-lifetime screening cost $6910 per QALY gained and screening every two years cost $27,696 per QALY gained. An important determinant of the cost-effectiveness of screening was effectiveness of counselling about risk reduction. Early identification of HIV infection through screening in Russia is effective and cost-effective in all but the lowest prevalence groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0956-4624 , 1758-1052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2008.008128
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2009782-7
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A randomized trial of computer-based reminders and audit and feedback to improve HIV screening in a primary care setting
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  International Journal of STD & AIDS Vol. 20, No. 8 ( 2009-08), p. 527-533
    Details
    In: International Journal of STD & AIDS, SAGE Publications, Vol. 20, No. 8 ( 2009-08), p. 527-533
    Abstract: Despite recommendations for voluntary HIV screening, few medical centres have implemented screening programmes. The objective of the study was to determine whether an intervention with computer-based reminders and feedback would increase screening for HIV in a Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health-care system. The design of the study was a randomized controlled trial at five primary care clinics at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System. All primary care providers were eligible to participate in the study. The study intervention was computer-based reminders to either assess HIV risk behaviours or to offer HIV testing; feedback on adherence to reminders was provided. The main outcome measure was the difference in HIV testing rates between intervention and control group providers. The control group providers tested 1.0% ( n = 67) and 1.4% ( n = 106) of patients in the preintervention and intervention period, respectively; intervention providers tested 1.8% ( n = 98) and 1.9% ( n = 114), respectively ( P = 0.75). In our random sample of 753 untested patients, 204 (27%) had documented risk behaviours. Providers were more likely to adhere to reminders to test rather than with reminders to perform risk assessment (11% versus 5%, P 〈 0.01). Sixty-one percent of providers felt that lack of time prevented risk assessment. In conclusion, in primary care clinics in our setting, HIV testing rates were low. Providers were unaware of the high rates of risky behaviour in their patient population and perceived important barriers to testing. Low-intensity clinical reminders and feedback did not increase rates of screening.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0956-4624 , 1758-1052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2008.008423
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2009782-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Transverse Humeral Ligament : A Separate Anatomical Structure or a Continuation of the Osseous Attachment of the Rotator Cuff?
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  The American Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2006-01), p. 72-77
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Sports Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2006-01), p. 72-77
    Abstract: No study to date has isolated the anatomical nature of the transverse humeral ligament and its relationship to the biceps tendon and the anterosuperior portion of the rotator cuff. Hypothesis There is no separate identifiable transverse humeral ligament, but rather the fibers covering the intertubercular groove are composed of a sling formed by fibers from the subscapularis and supraspinatus tendons. Study Design Descriptive laboratory study. Methods A total of 14 shoulder examinations were performed on 7 matched pairs of fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed, followed by gross and microscopic anatomical dissection. Results In the location of the transverse humeral ligament, magnetic resonance imaging and gross dissection revealed the continuation of superficial fibers of the subscapularis tendon from the tendon body across the intertubercular groove to attach to the greater tuberosity, whereas deeper fibers of the subscapularis tendon inserted on the lesser tuberosity. Longitudinal fibers of the supraspinatus tendon and the coracohumeral ligament were also noted to travel the length of the groove, deep to the other interdigitating fibers but superficial to the biceps tendon. Histologic studies confirmed these gross dissection patterns of fiber attachment and also revealed the absence of elastin fibers, which are more commonly seen in ligamentous structures and are typically absent from tendinous structures. Conclusion There is no identifiable transverse humeral ligament, but rather the fibers covering the intertubercular groove are composed of a sling formed mainly by the fibers of the subscapularis tendon, with contributions from the supraspinatus tendon and the coracohumeral ligament. Clinical Relevance According to our findings, dislocations of the long head of the biceps must disrupt at least the deep fibers of the annular sling created mainly by the subscapularis tendon insertion. This finding provides anatomical support for the findings of a positive biceps tendon subluxation or dislocation and subscapularis tear during glenohumeral arthroscopy with a normal-appearing subscapularis during open surgery or subacromial arthroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-5465 , 1552-3365
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0363546505278698
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2063945-4
    SSG: 31
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pre-locating corners in images in order to improve the extraction of Fourier descriptors and subsequent recognition of shipbuilding parts
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture Vol. 223, No. 9 ( 2009-09-01), p. 1217-1223
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, SAGE Publications, Vol. 223, No. 9 ( 2009-09-01), p. 1217-1223
    Abstract: Improvements are described for a pattern recognition system for recognizing shipbuilding parts. This is achieved by using a new simple and accurate corner finder. The new system initially finds corners in an edge detected image of a ship's part and uses that new information to extract Fourier descriptors to feed into a neural network to make decisions about shapes. Results show that the new corner finder was better at distinguishing between various ships' parts than other corner finders and proved to be a valid approach. The new corner finding technique uses a bottom-up approach to find corners by sampling points in edge-detected images and calculating the distance between the endpoints of a window around each sampled point. The points with the minimum distance are then interpreted as corners. Using an all-or-nothing accuracy measure, the new corner finding technique achieved an improvement over other systems. The new corner finder was included as pre-processing before extracting Fourier descriptors and using the artificial neural networks to identify parts. The whole system recognized parts more quickly and more efficiently than the most recently published systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0954-4054 , 2041-2975
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1243/09544054JEM1553SC
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2032745-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Systematic Approach to Magnetic Resonance Imaging Interpretation of Sports Medicine Injuries of the Knee
    SAGE Publications ; 2005
    In:  The American Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 33, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 131-148
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Sports Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 33, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 131-148
    Abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging is performed more commonly on the knee than on any other joint, and it is an excellent diagnostic tool that can aid in the evaluation of a host of sports-related injuries involving the ligaments, tendons, menisci, osseous structures, and articular surfaces. A thorough evaluation of the images, however, can be a daunting task, as the study often contains dozens of images obtained with multiple pulse sequences and in several imaging planes. A systematic approach will facilitate an accurate and timely evaluation of this complex examination and will ensure that all of the clinically relevant structures are adequately assessed. This article will provide a systematic approach to the interpretation of a magnetic resonance examination of the knee. The normal imaging appearance of each anatomical structure will be described, and the optimal pulse sequence and imaging plane for the evaluation of each structure will be discussed. Finally, the signs of injury will be described and illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-5465 , 1552-3365
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0363546504272374
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2063945-4
    SSG: 31
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Systematic Approach to Magnetic Resonance Imaging Interpretation of Sports Medicine Injuries of the Shoulder
    SAGE Publications ; 2005
    In:  The American Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 33, No. 7 ( 2005-07), p. 1088-1105
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Sports Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 33, No. 7 ( 2005-07), p. 1088-1105
    Abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging has developed as a useful imaging modality in the evaluation of the athlete with shoulder pain. The multiplanar capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging make it ideal for detecting the anatomical variations of the osseous outlet that may contribute to the clinical syndrome of impingement. Its superb soft tissue contrast and spatial resolution allow for accurate differentiation between tendinopathy, partial-thickness tear, and full-thickness tear of the rotator cuff and also allow for detection of the subtle lesions of the capsule and labrum that are associated with shoulder instability. However, to accurately interpret the numerous images and pulse sequences obtained in a standard magnetic resonance examination of the shoulder, it is helpful to have a systematic approach to ensure that each of the pertinent anatomical structures are evaluated. This article will provide a systematic approach to the interpretation of a magnetic resonance examination of the shoulder. The normal imaging appearance of each anatomical structure will be described, and the most useful pulse sequences and imaging planes for the evaluation of each structure will be discussed. Finally, the signs of injury will be described and illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-5465 , 1552-3365
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0363546505278255
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2063945-4
    SSG: 31
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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