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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Relationship Between Tamoxifen, Estrogen, and Depressive Symptoms (1999)
    Boston, MA, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    The @breast journal 5 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-4741
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Tamoxifen is widely used for the treatment of breast cancer. While it is generally well tolerated, clinically relevant depression may be a common side effect. This article reviews reports of depression associated with tamoxifen and considers the specific qualities of tamoxifen that may account for depressive symptomatology. A multitude of factors may be responsible for depression in the breast cancer patient such as adjuvant therapy, stage of treatment, and poor body image. Tamoxifen distinguishes itself due to its potential activity at the neuroendocrine level. Antagonist qualities of tamoxifen may block the neuroprotective effects of estrogen. This may result in down-regulation of neurotransmitters associated with mood regulation such as serotonin and norepinephrine. Additional research into the mechanism of tamoxifen-associated depression is needed. As the use of tamoxifen increases, it will be essential to consider the potential side effect of depression, which in itself may alter immune function and overall survival. The risk and benefits of tamoxifen must be carefully weighed and depressive symptoms should be monitored and treated in women receiving tamoxifen therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-4741.1999.98085.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perceived Ownership in a Community Coalition (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Public health nursing 16 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1446
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Coalitions are emerging as a force for change in many communities and offer the opportunity for broad community involvement in the planning and implementation of needed health promotion and health education services. Perceived ownership promotes greater participation by the community but efforts to systematically evaluate ownership are lacking. The aim of this study was to determine ownership of a local ElderCARE Coalition's activities and its health promotion program, Healthy WAY, as perceived by coalition members. Fifteen of the coalition members returned the questionnaire that included the Community Ownership Scale. As shown by mean scores, the agencies perceived as having the most influence or greatest perceived ownership were the university college of nursing and the community action programs. Coalition members represented a wide variety of roles and responsibilities as well as length of time in the coalition (1 month to 6 years). Responses to open-ended questions, analyzed by content analysis, supported the work of the coalition and identified the senior participants in the Healthy WAY program as being “enthusiastic” but also needing to be more “involved.” Process measures are important indicators of how close coalitions are staying to their grassroots constituency. Implications for public health nurses include participating as partners in community coalitions and assisting coalitions in determining their sense of ownership and the need for change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1446.1999.00017.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activated protein C prevents inflammation yet stimulates angiogenesis to promote cutaneous wound healing (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 13 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Activated protein C (APC) is a serine protease that plays a central role in physiological anticoagulation, and has more recently been shown to be a potent anti-inflammatory mediator. Using cultured human cells, we show here that APC up-regulates the angiogenic promoters matrix metalloproteinase-2 in skin fibroblasts and umbilical vein endothelial cells, vascular endothelial growth factor in keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in fibroblasts. In the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay, APC promoted the granulation/remodeling phases of wound healing by markedly stimulating angiogenesis as well as promoting reepithelialization. In a full-thickness rat skin-healing model, a single topical application of APC enhanced wound healing compared to saline control. APC-treated wounds had markedly more blood vessels on day 7 and a significantly lower infiltration of neutrophils at days 4 and 7. The broad spectrum matrix metallo-proteinas, GM6001, prevented the ability of APC to promote wound healing. In summary, our results show that APC promotes cutaneous wound healing via a complex mechanism involving stimulation of angiogenesis and inhibition of inflammation. These unique properties of APC make it an attractive therapeutic agent to promote the healing of chronic wounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2005.00130311.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wound matrix attachment regulates actin content and organization in cells of the granulation tissue (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 13 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Actin cytoskeletal polymerization is associated with a pro-proliferative, pro-survival state. We hypothesized that the actin polymerization of wound cells is increased in the presence of wound matrix attachment and is decreased after disruption of this attachment. Musculocutaneous flap and wound splinting models were used to investigate the effect of wound matrix attachment on the actin cytoskeleton. Disruption of wound matrix attachment was accomplished by incision of the wound matrix/dermis interface (wound matrix release) and/or desplinting. Polymerized actin was assayed with phalloidin labeling of wound specimens 24 hours after disruption of attachment and a method to quantify the content and organization of polymerized actin in granulation tissue was used. Disruption of wound matrix attachment decreased the content of polymerized actin, the actin staining intensity, and the actin fiber organization in the granulation tissue of both the flap and splint models. Disruption of wound matrix attachment decreased actin polymerization and fiber organization in the granulation tissue. Our data support the concept that the state of wound matrix attachment regulates the actin cytoskeleton of wound cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2005.130111.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Influence of Ethnicity and Generational Status on Parent and Family Relations Among Chinese and Filipino Adolescents (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Public health nursing 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1446
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of ethnic and generational differences on perceptions about parent and family relationships in a nationally representative sample of Chinese and Filipino adolescents living in the United States. Design: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study, utilizing data from the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health. Sample: The sample was weighted to produce a nationally representative sample, based on 216 self-identified Chinese and 387 self-identified Filipino adolescents. Results: Results indicated that generational status plays a role in predicting how adolescents perceive the parent–adolescent relationship. Conclusions: Findings provide a basis by which community health nurses can begin to understand the uniqueness of Asian subgroups, as well as generations of immigrant youth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0737-1209.2005.220603.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Comparison of Breast Stimulation and Intravenous Oxytocin for the Augmentation of Labor (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Birth 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-536X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Breast stimulation to augment labor has been used for centuries in tribal societies and by midwives. In recent years it has been shown to be effective in ripening the cervix, inducing labor, and as an alternative to oxytocin for the contraction stress test. This study compared the effectiveness of breast stimulation with oxytocin infusion in augmenting labor. Methods: Women admitted to the labor ward were eligible for the study if they had inadequate labor with premature rupture of the membranes and met inclusion criteria. They were assigned to oxytocin augmentation or breast stimulation (manual or pump), and were switched to oxytocin in the event of method failure. Outcomes included time to delivery, intervention to delivery, proportion of spontaneous deliveries, and Apgar scores. One hundred participants were needed in each arm of the study to demonstrate a 2- to 3-hour difference in delivery time, with a power of 80 percent. Results: Analysis was performed on 79 women, of whom 49 were in the breast stimulation group and 30 in the oxytocin group. Sixty-five percent of the participants failed breast stimulation and were switched to oxytocin infusion. Although augmentation start to delivery was shorter for the oxytocin group ( p 〈 0.001), no differences in total labor time occurred between the groups. Nulliparas receiving breast stimulation had more spontaneous (relative risk 1.7, p= 0.04). and fewer instrumental deliveries than those receiving oxytocin (relative risk 0.2, p= 0.02). No significant differences in adverse fetal outcomes occurred between the study groups. Conclusions: The small number of participants and a variety of problems with the conduct of the study prevented the formulation of reliable conclusions from the results. However, the study provided important insights into the feasibility and problems of developing a high-quality randomized trial of augmentation by breast stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-536x.1999.00115.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Review of a Preventable Poison: Pediatric Lead Poisoning (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal for specialists in pediatric nursing 10 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-6155
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: PURPOSE.  A review of lead poisoning in pediatric populations enables nurses to increase their knowledge base about lead poisoning and to further the work on the Healthy People 2010 goal of eliminating childhood lead poisoning as a public health issue in the United States. CONCLUSION.  Nurses should be aware of and use the variety of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies that are available to address pediatric lead poisoning. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS.  Prevention, education, and evidence-based treatment plans can decrease the occurrence of pediatric lead poisoning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6155.2005.00034.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-Term Outcomes of a Telephone Intervention After an ICD (2005)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 28 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term benefits of participating in a structured, 8-week educational telephone intervention delivered by expert cardiovascular nurses post-ICD. The intervention was aimed to (1) increase physical functioning, (2) increase psychological adjustment, (3) improve self-efficacy in managing the challenges of ICD recovery, and (4) lower levels of health care utilization over usual care in the first 12 months post-ICD. This article reports on the 6- and 12-month outcomes of the nursing intervention trial. Methods and Results: A two-group (N = 168) randomized control group design was used to evaluate intervention efficacy with persons receiving an ICD for the secondary prevention of sudden cardiac arrest. Measures were obtained at baseline, 6 and 12 months post hospitalization. Outcomes included (1) physical functioning (Patient Concerns Assessment [PCA], Short Form Health Survey [SF-12], ICD shocks), (2) psychological adjustment (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI], Centers for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression [CES-D], fear of dying), (3) self-efficacy (Sudden Cardiac Arrest–Self-Efficacy [SCA-SE], Sudden Cardiac Arrest–Behavior [SCA-B], Sudden Cardiac Arrest–Knowledge [SCA-K]), and (4) health care utilization (emergency room [ER] visits, outpatient visits, hospitalizations). Using repeated measures ANOVA, the 6- and 12-month benefits of the intervention over usual care were in reductions in physical concerns (P = 0.006), anxiety (P = 0.04), and fear of dying (P = 0.01), with enhanced self-confidence (P = 0.04) and knowledge (P = 0.001) to manage ICD recovery. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups on total outpatient visits, hospitalizations, or ER visits over 12 months. Conclusion: A structured 8-week post-hospital telephone nursing intervention after an ICD had sustained 12-month improvements on patient concerns, anxiety, fear of dying, self-efficacy, and knowledge. Results may not apply to individuals with congestive heart failure who receive an ICD for primary prevention of sudden cardiac arrest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.2005.09500.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early Discharge After Childbirth: Too Late for a Randomized Trial? (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Birth 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-536X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-536x.1999.00192.x
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